Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sherif Elnikety, Eman Badr, Ahmed Abdelaal
Summary: Postgraduate training in surgical specialties is lengthy, requiring 5-6 years to become qualified. However, the current training lacks exposure to new technological advances, necessitating a significant transformation.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Editorial Material
Veterinary Sciences
Linda Prescott-Clements
Summary: In the next few issues, the RCVS will provide more details about the upcoming changes to its extramural studies policies. In this first article, RCVS director of education Linda Prescott-Clements explains the reasons for reform and how it will enhance the overall student experience.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jana Buettner, Axel Schumacher, Thomas Back, Stefan Schwarz, Peter Krause
Summary: The vehicle structure is a highly complex system that requires consideration of different requirements from multiple engineering disciplines. Multidisciplinary optimization (MDO) is a simulation-based approach that integrates all relevant CAE-based disciplines to capture this complexity and achieve the best possible compromise. This paper presents a novel, adaptively controllable MDO process based on metamodels, which reduces numerical resource requirements and improves the quality of results compared to the standard MDO procedure by using efficient optimization strategies, identifying relevant load cases and sensitive variables, and reducing the CAE calculation time of costly crash load cases using finite element (FE) submodels.
STRUCTURAL AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY OPTIMIZATION
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
L. J. B. Erasmus, P. F. Smet, R. E. Kroon, D. Poelman, J. J. Terblans, J. J. Joos, D. Van der Heggen, H. C. Swart
Summary: Different strontium borate compounds codoped with divalent europium and samarium ions were synthesized using the conventional solid-state reaction method. Optimization of the material was achieved by varying the experimental procedure and the molar ratios of boron and codopants. The optimized material, strontium hexaborate doped with a relatively high europium concentration and a low samarium concentration, exhibited broad excitation range and strong and narrow emission, making it suitable for solar energy generation applications.
Article
Immunology
Aulia Rizka, Siti Setiati, M. Sadikin, Indra G. Mansur
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of calcitriol in elderly patients, showing that calcitriol primarily exerts anti-inflammatory potential by increasing IL-10 in the pre-frail group.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xin Gao, Zheyu Wu, Tao Wang, Jiashi Cao, Guangjian Bai, Baoquan Xin, Shuang Cao, Qi Jia, Tielong Liu, Jianru Xiao
Summary: This study aimed to determine the benefits of surgery for elderly patients with metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) and discuss criteria for surgical decision-making. The results showed that surgical treatment for MSCC in elderly patients improved neurological function and quality of life, with acceptable rates of postoperative complications. Postoperative ECOG-PS, total en-bloc spondylectomy, and postoperative chemotherapy were favorable prognostic factors for overall survival, while a high Charlson Comorbidity Index and a long operation time were risk factors for postoperative complications.
GLOBAL SPINE JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Andrea Ungar, Giulia Rivasi, Antonio Coscarelli, Alessandro Boccanelli, Niccolo Marchionni, Paolo Alboni, Samuele Baldasseroni, Mario Bo, Giuseppe Palazzo, Renzo Rozzini, Pierfranco Terrosu, Francesco Vetta, Giovanni Zito, Giovambattista Desideri
Summary: Managing hypertension among older and frailer individuals has gained increasing attention in recent years. Treating hypertension in these patients can be challenging due to a higher risk of hypotension-related adverse events and overlapping cardiovascular risk. Limited evidence suggests that the association between blood pressure and adverse outcomes significantly varies in older individuals based on their frailty status.
Review
Oncology
Jiting Zhao, Zhen Sun, Junwei Liang, Song Guo, Di Huang
Summary: ESD for early gastric cancer in elderly patients has comparable enbloc and histological complete resection rates to non-elderly patients. There is a slight tendency of increased perforation risk in elderly patients, with significantly higher rates in those aged ≥80 years. The risk of pneumonia is significantly higher in elderly patients, while bleeding rates do not differ. The certainty of evidence is very low, highlighting the need for high-quality studies to enhance the quality of evidence.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Roxane D. Staiger, Daniel Curley, Natalie V. Attwood, Sarah R. Haile, Tan Arulampalam, Joanna C. Simpson
Summary: This study aimed to assess the impact of introducing a multidisciplinary preoperative clinic for older patients undergoing major colorectal surgery. The study found comparable postoperative morbidity rates between the pre-COPES group and the COPES group. The clinic contributes to improving treatment quality and should focus more on patient-reported outcomes and experiences.
LANGENBECKS ARCHIVES OF SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
G. Catanuto, N. Rocco, A. Maglia, P. Barry, A. Karakatsanis, G. Sgroi, G. Russo, F. Pappalardo, M. B. Nava
Summary: This study used Delphi survey to investigate key factors in the decision making process of surgical oncology on the breast. The results, validated by text mining and natural language processing techniques, indicated that there are specific decision drivers and outcomes recognized by experts in breast cancer surgery decision making.
Article
Hematology
Alessandra Larocca, Francesca Bonello, Gianluca Gaidano, Mattia D'Agostino, Massimo Offidani, Nicola Cascavilla, Andrea Capra, Giulia Benevolo, Patrizia Tosi, Monica Galli, Roberto Marasca, Nicola Giuliani, Annalisa Bernardini, Elisabetta Antonioli, Delia Rota-Scalabrini, Claudia Cellini, Alessandra Pompa, Federico Monaco, Francesca Patriarca, Tommaso Caravita di Toritto, Paolo Corradini, Paola Tacchetti, Mario Boccadoro, Sara Bringhen
Summary: In elderly patients with multiple myeloma, dose/schedule-adjusted lenalidomide-dexamethasone (Rd-R) showed superior event-free survival (EFS), progression-free survival, and 3-year overall survival compared to continuous Rd treatment. However, the rate of >= 1 nonhematologic grade >= 3 adverse events showed no significant difference between the two groups. Switching to reduced-dose lenalidomide maintenance without dexamethasone after 9 cycles of Rd was feasible and yielded similar outcomes to standard continuous Rd in intermediate-fit patients.
Article
Oncology
Julia Klingenschmid, Aleksandrs Krigers, Johannes Kerschbaumer, Claudius Thome, Daniel Pinggera, Christian F. Freyschlag
Summary: This study analyzed the surgical treatment outcomes of elderly patients with malignant glioma. The results showed that gross total resection (GTR) can achieve better functional outcomes and survival in elderly patients. Age seems to have little influence on overall survival in surgically treated patients, but high preoperative functional performance is necessary.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sara Massironi, Pierpaolo Sileri, Silvio Danese
Summary: Muscular health plays a crucial role in optimizing surgical outcomes for patients with Crohn's disease. A comprehensive approach is recommended to improve patients' well-being after surgery.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhongcheng An, Liangen Xiao, Chen Chen, Lianguo Wu, Hao Wei, Xiaoping Zhang, Liqiang Dong
Summary: The results indicate that advanced age, complex surgery, medical comorbidities, general anesthesia, and increased perioperative blood loss may be independent risk factors for the development of delirium after internal fixation of fractures in middle-aged and elderly patients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhongcheng An, Liangen Xiao, Chen Chen, Lianguo Wu, Hao Wei, Xiaoping Zhang, Liqiang Dong
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence rate and risk factors of postoperative delirium in middle-aged and elderly fracture patients. A total of 648 patients aged 50-103 years were included. The results showed that 17.74% of the patients had postoperative delirium. Factors such as age, preoperative complications, and perioperative blood loss were found to be positively correlated with postoperative delirium.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)