Article
Clinical Neurology
Marine Joly, Cecile Conte, Charles Cazanave, Vincent Le Moing, Pierre Tattevin, Pierre Delobel, Agnes Sommet, Guillaume Martin-Blondel
Summary: This study examined the epidemiology and prognosis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy using a large cohort of patients in France. The findings revealed a stable incidence rate of the disease in France, with HIV infection being the main predisposing condition. Male patients had a higher risk of mortality compared to females, and patients with solid neoplasms had the worst prognosis.
Article
Immunology
Rui Jiang, Zichen Song, Li Liu, Xue Mei, Jianjun Sun, Tangkai Qi, Zhenyan Wang, Wei Song, Yang Tang, Junyang Yang, Shuibao Xu, Bihe Zhao, Yinzhong Shen, Renfang Zhang, Jun Chen
Summary: The study found a high mortality rate in individuals with AIDS-related PML, with factors such as low CD4+ T cell count and opportunistic infections being associated with death. The survival rate of AIDS-related PML in the modern ART era was higher than a decade ago.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yago Marcos Pessoa-Goncalves, Thais Soares Farnesi-de-Assuncao, Marlos Aureliano Dias de Sousa, Luis Marcos Ferreira Jr, Beatriz Sodre Matos, Anna Eduardo da Silva, Ana Carolina de Morais Oliveira-Scussel, Alex Eduardo da Silva, Carlo Jose Freire Oliveira, Marcos Vinicius da Silva, Virmondes Rodrigues Jr
Summary: This report presents a case study of a 47-year-old male mathematics teacher who experienced disorientation, aphasia, and acalculia during an online class. The study reveals the first documented case of HIV and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with the detection of SARS-CoV-2 and human polyomavirus 2. Serum analysis showed elevated levels of certain factors that are known to affect blood-brain barrier permeability.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Giulia Berzero, Sabrina Basso, Luca Stoppini, Andrea Palermo, Anna Pichiecchio, Matteo Paoletti, Federica Lucev, Simonetta Gerevini, Andrea Rossi, Elisa Vegezzi, Luca Diamanti, Paola Bini, Matteo Gastaldi, Serena Delbue, Cesare Perotti, Elena Seminari, Maura Faraci, Mario Luppi, Fausto Baldanti, Marco Zecca, Enrico Marchioni, Patrizia Comoli
Summary: The study found that using JCPyV-specific T cell therapy to treat hematological patients with PML is safe and effective, with no treatment-related adverse events observed. Some patients experienced an increase in JCPyV-specific lymphocytes and a decrease in JCPyV viral load in cerebrospinal fluid. Six out of 9 patients achieved PML control, with 5 alive and in good clinical condition at their last follow-up.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Varun Jain, Hannah Branstetter, Srikar Savaram, Matthew Vasquez, Gabriel Swords, Sina Aghili-Mehrizi, John Rees, Marie Rivera-Zengotita, Mayra Montalvo, Miguel Chuquilin, Addie Patterson, Torge Rempe
Summary: This study is a retrospective review of all PML cases at the University of Florida. The results suggest that PML without overt immunosuppression may be more common than previously described. Therefore, PML should be considered even in the absence of overt immunosuppression.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gautier Breville, Igor J. Koralnik, Patrice H. Lalive
Summary: Isolated brainstem lesions at disease onset are extremely rare in PML cases, with most patients experiencing initial clinical worsening. However, some patients may achieve full or partial recovery despite the reserved prognosis due to the vital structures in the brainstem.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jennifer Meylor, Daniel Crespo Artunduaga, Michael Mendoza, Sam I. Hooshmand, Ahmed Z. Obeidat
Summary: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a central nervous system infection caused by human polyomavirus 2, usually affecting immunocompromised patients. However, this report presents two cases of PML in older individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD can lead to immune system dysfunction and potentially increase the risk of PML.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xiang Wang, Jinxiu Chen, Jing Gong, Ying Wu, Xiang-hao Liu
Summary: This case presents a rare occurrence of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) caused by JC virus infection in a previously healthy and immunocompetent patient. The patient showed disease stabilization after receiving a combination treatment, which may contribute to our understanding of virus infections during the coronavirus epidemic.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Franziska Hopfner, Nora Mohn, Britta Eiz-Vesper, Britta Maecker-Kolhoff, Jens Gottlieb, Rainer Blasczyk, Nima Mahmoudi, Kaweh Pars, Ortwin Adams, Martin Stangel, Mike P. Wattjes, Gunter Hoglinger, Thomas Skripuletz
Summary: Through clinical studies, researchers have found that allogeneic transplant of BKV-CTL can significantly improve symptoms, reduce brain MRI changes, and decrease viral load in patients with PML.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Eli Hatchwell, Edward B. B. Smith, Shapour Jalilzadeh, Christopher D. D. Bruno, Yassine Taoufik, Houria Hendel-Chavez, Roland Liblau, David Brassat, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Heinz Wiendl, Nicholas Schwab, Irene Cortese, Maria Chiara Monaco, Luisa Imberti, Ruggero Capra, Jorge R. R. Oksenberg, Jacques Gasnault, Bruno Stankoff, Todd A. A. Richmond, David M. M. Rancour, Igor J. J. Koralnik, Barbara A. A. Hanson, Eugene O. O. Major, Christina R. R. Chow, Peggy S. S. Eis
Summary: PML is a rare and dangerous brain disease caused by JC virus infection, with immunosuppressed patients being more susceptible. Research has identified four genetic variants in immune system genes that are associated with PML risk.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christoph Mahler, Adrian-Minh Schumacher, Marcus Unterrainer, Lena Kaiser, Thomas Hollbacher, Simon Lindner, Joachim Havla, Birgit Ertl-Wagner, Maximilian Patzig, Klaus Seelos, Julia Neitzel, Matthias Maurer, Markus Krumbholz, Imke Metz, Wolfgang Bruck, Christine Stadelmann, Doron Merkler, Achim Gass, Vladimir Milenkovic, Peter Bartenstein, Nathalie L. Albert, Tania Kuempfel, Martin Kerschensteiner
Summary: The study evaluated the use of TSPO PET imaging to monitor CNS inflammation in natalizumab-associated PML lesions and distinguish them from multiple sclerosis lesions, showing potential for longitudinal monitoring of disease activity and differentiation of MS activity from PML progression.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alyssa A. Toorop, Zoe Y. G. van Lierop, Eva E. M. Strijbis, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Axel Petzold, Mike P. Wattjes, Frederik Barkhof, Brigit A. de Jong, Zoe L. E. van Kempen, Joep Killestein
Summary: Two patients with relapsing-remitting MS developed carryover PML after switching from natalizumab to ocrelizumab. Despite mild immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) and increasing NfL levels, PML-IRIS lesions stabilized after treatment and both patients continued therapy with ocrelizumab.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Virology
Kazuo Nakamichi, Yoshiharu Miura, Toshio Shimokawa, Kenta Takahashi, Tadaki Suzuki, Nobuaki Funata, Masafumi Harada, Koichiro Mori, Nobuo Sanjo, Motohiro Yukitake, Kazuya Takahashi, Tsuyoshi Hamaguchi, Shoko Izaki, Satoru Oji, Jin Nakahara, Ryusuke Ae, Koki Kosami, Souichi Nukuzuma, Yosikazu Nakamura, Kyoichi Nomura, Shuji Kishida, Hidehiro Mizusawa, Masahito Yamada, Masaki Takao, Hideki Ebihara, Masayuki Saijo
Summary: A 10-year study was conducted in Japan to analyze the profile of PML and the characteristics of patients with CSF-JCV positivity. The study found that ultrasensitive PCR testing and increased clinical attention led to the early detection of CSF-JCV in the last five years of the study period. The results provide valuable information for PML diagnosis and treatment.
Review
Virology
Shitiz Sriwastava, Erum Khan, Syed H. Khalid, Arshdeep Kaur, Parissa Feizi
Summary: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is typically seen in immunocompromised patients, but our case demonstrates its rare occurrence in immunocompetent individuals. Furthermore, our literature review indicates that patients respond well to mirtazapine and intravenous pulse methylprednisolone (IVMP).
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Laura E. Baldassari, Mike P. Wattjes, Irene C. M. Cortese, Achim Gass, Imke Metz, Tarek Yousry, Daniel S. Reich, Nancy Richert
Summary: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a CNS infection caused by the JC virus. MRI is an important tool for detecting PML, showing the location and extent of lesions, as well as reflecting the disease progression and inflammation. Currently, there are no validated imaging-based outcome measures for use in PML clinical trials.
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Baptiste Hoellinger, Celestine Simand, Katy Jeannot, Carlos Garijo, Mircea Cristinar, Fanny Reisz, Francois Danion, Axel Ursenbach, Nicolas Lefebvre, Pierre Boyer, Yves Hansmann, Antoine Studer, Frederic Schramm, Yvon Ruch
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Letter
Immunology
Clemence Laurent, Maxime Hentzien, Simona Pavel, Kevin Didier, Messaline Bermejo, Yohan N'Guyen, Firouze Bani-Sadr
Article
Immunology
Romain Palich, Maxime Hentzien, Laurent Hocqueloux, Claudine Duvivier, Clotilde Allavena, Thomas Huleux, Pierre Delobel, Alain Makinson, David Rey, Lise Cuzin
Summary: This study aimed to describe factors associated with the choice of first antiretroviral therapy (ART) in persons with HIV (PWH) in France, including the country of birth, as well as the time to undetectable viral load and treatment discontinuation. The results showed that, regardless of HIV disease parameters, PWH born abroad were less likely to choose integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI) as a first-line therapy compared to those born in France. Therefore, qualitative data are needed to better understand physicians' prescribing practices.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Pauline Naudion, Alice Raffetin, Souheil Zayet, Timothee Klopfenstein, Elisabeth Baux, Martin Martinot, Lionel Piroth, Eric Caumes, Catherine Chirouze, Kevin Bouiller
Summary: This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, management, and residual symptoms (RS) in patients with definite and possible Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB). A retrospective French multicenter cohort study was conducted, and 138 adult patients with positive intrathecal antibody index (AI) were included. The study found that definite LNB and duration of symptoms less than 3 months were protective factors against RS at last follow-up. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to improve outcomes and lower potential residual symptoms.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kevin Bouiller, Michael Z. Z. David
Summary: A systematic literature review was conducted to assess the association between S. aureus genes and outcomes in patients with bone and joint infections. The results showed that PVL genes were associated with poor outcomes in children, while no specific genes were found to have similar associations in adults. Further studies with larger sample sizes and homogeneous patient populations are needed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Abdeljallil Zeggay, Alban Atchon, Benoit Valot, Didier Hocquet, Xavier Bertrand, Kevin Bouiller
Summary: Using genomic data, the study determined the origin of MRSA ST398 isolates causing invasive infections in patients with no livestock contact. The isolates were sequenced and analyzed for the presence of virulence and resistance genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that MSSA isolates were human-associated, while MRSA isolates were livestock-associated. The results suggest that livestock-associated MRSA acquired virulence genes, enabling them to cause invasive infections in humans.
Review
Microbiology
Francois Danion, Anne Coste, Coralie Le Hyaric, Clea Melenotte, Frederic Lamoth, Thierry Calandra, Dea Garcia-Hermoso, Vishukumar Aimanianda, Fanny Lanternier, Olivier Lortholary
Summary: Mucormycosis is a rare and life-threatening fungal infection caused by molds of the order Mucorales. It mainly affects the lungs, following the rhino-orbito-cerebral (ROC) areas and the skin. Risk factors for pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) include hematological malignancies and solid organ transplantation, while ROC infections are commonly associated with diabetes mellitus. The diagnosis of PM relies on CT scans, cultures, PCR tests, and histology, and treatment involves liposomal amphotericin B as the first-line therapy.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Anne Coste, Anne Conrad, Raphael Porcher, Sylvain Poiree, Pierre Peterlin, Claire Defrance, Valerie Letscher-Bru, Florent Morio, Thomas Gastinne, Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux, Felipe Suarez, Gilles Nevez, Damien Dupont, Florence Ader, Carine Halfon-Domenech, Sophie Ducastelle-Lepretre, Francoise Botterel, Laurence Millon, Gaelle Guillerm, Severine Ansart, David Boutoille, Marie-Pierre Ledoux, Jean-Etienne Herbrecht, Christine Robin, Giovanna Melica, Francois Danion, Elodie Blanchard, Olivier Paccoud, Dea Garcia-Hermoso, Olivier Lortholary, Raoul Herbrecht, Fanny Lanternier
Summary: This study retrospectively reviewed 114 cases of pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) from six French teaching hospitals between 2008 and 2019. The study found that neutropenia and radiologic findings influence the disease presentation and contribution of diagnostic tools. Serum quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is more contributive in patients with neutropenia, while bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is more contributive in patients without neutropenia.
Article
Mycology
Matthias Egger, Jon Salmanton-Garcia, Aleksandra Barac, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Helene Guegan, Valentina Arsic-Arsenijevic, Tadeja Matos, Rok Tomazin, Nikolai Klimko, Matteo Bassetti, Helena Hammarstroem, Eelco F. J. Meijer, Jacques F. Meis, Juergen Prattes, Robert Krause, Oguz Resat Sipahi, Ulrike Scharmann, P. Lewis White, Guillaume Desoubeaux, Julio Garcia-Rodriguez, Carolina Garcia-Vidal, Sonia Martin-Perez, Maite Ruiz, Mario Tumbarello, Alida Fe Talento, Benedict Rogers, Katrien Lagrou, Jens van Praet, Sevtap Arikan-Akdagli, Maiken C. Arendrup, Philipp Koehler, Oliver A. Cornely, Martin Hoenigl
Summary: This sub-analysis of the Candida III study investigated the demographical and clinical characteristics of patients with candidemia who required prolonged hospitalization for completion of intravenous antifungal treatment. The study found that the use of initial echinocandin treatment was associated with prolonged hospital stay, while factors such as neutropenia, intensive care unit admission, catheter related candidemia, total parenteral nutrition, and C. parapsilosis infection were associated with shorter hospitalization.
Letter
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erica Telford, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Inge Christoffer Olsen, Nicolas Pulik, France Mentre, Skerdi Haviari, Maxime Hentzien, Olivier Segeral, Miquel B. Ekkelenkamp, Dimie Ogoina, Nathalie Strub-Wourgaft, Alpha Diallo, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Alexandra Calmy
Article
Immunology
Benjamin Gaborit, Bernard Vanhove, Karine Lacombe, Thomas Guimard, Laurent Hocqueloux, Ludivine Perrier, Vincent Dubee, Virginie Ferre, Celine Bressollette, Regis Josien, Aurelie Le Thuaut, Marie-Anne Vibet, Alexandra Jobert, Eric Dailly, Florence Ader, Sophie Brouard, Odile Duvaux, Francois Raffi, POLYCOR Study Grp
Summary: The study evaluated the safety and efficacy of XAV-19, an antispike glyco-humanized swine polyclonal neutralizing antibody, in patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19. The results showed that a single intravenous dose of XAV-19 did not significantly differ from placebo in terms of disease progression at day 15 for patients requiring low-flow oxygen therapy.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Maiwenn Petithomme-Nanrocki, Veronique Vernet-Garnier, Delphine Lebrun, Odile Bajolet, Morgane Bonnet, Maxime Hentzien, Xavier Ohl, Saidou Diallo, Firouze Bani-Sadr
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical outcomes of patients with bone and joint infection (BJI) associated with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (MSSAB) treated with early oral switch to oral antibiotics (before day 14) versus later or no switch. The results showed that among 79 patients with BJI associated with MSSAB, 50.6% had an early switch to oral antibiotics, with a median duration of intravenous antibiotics of 9 days. The overall cure rate was 81% with a follow-up of 6 months, and failure to control BJI did not differ between the two groups.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES NOW
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Emmanuelle Loubsens, Raphael Adam, Alexa Debard, Lisa Barioulet, Fanny Varenne, Pierre Fournie, Thomas Sales de Gauzy, Priscille Olle, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Vincent Soler
Summary: This study reviewed the management, treatment, and outcomes of patients with necrotizing herpetic retinitis (NHR) and proposed an algorithm for first-line management of NHR. The visual prognosis of NHR patients was poor and prompt investigation of immune status and presence of factors justifying intravitreal antiviral injections is necessary.
INTERNATIONAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kevin Bouiller, Houssein Gbaguidi-Haore, Didier Hocquet, Thomas Crepin, Daniel Wendling, Sophie Borot, Catherine Chirouze, Xavier Bertrand
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of replacing ceftriaxone with cefotaxime on the incidence of third generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales (3GC-RE). The results showed that replacing ceftriaxone with cefotaxime reduced the occurrence of 3GC-RE isolates.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES NOW
(2024)
Meeting Abstract
Immunology
A. Saez-Cirion, A. -C. Mamez, V. Avettand-Fenoel, P. Thoueille, M. Nabergoj, M. Hentzien, E. Mereles Costa, M. Salgado, M. Nijhuis, A. Melard, E. Gardiennet, V. Monceaux, C. Passaes, A. Chapel, F. Perdomo-Celis, A. Wensing, J. Martinez-Picado, S. Yerly, M. Rougemont, A. Calmy
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY
(2023)