Journal
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
Volume 32, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202105038
Keywords
direct imaging; SnS nanosheets; water window region; X-ray detector
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Funding
- Australian Synchrotron [AS211/SXR/16827]
- Australian Research Council [DP180102752, CE170100026]
- Australian-China Science and Research Fund Joint Research Centre for Flexible Graphene Electronics
- Australian Government through NCI
- National Computational Merit Allocation Scheme
- Pawsey Energy and Resources Merit Allocation Scheme
- Vice-Chancellor fellowship scheme at RMIT University
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The study introduces tin mono-sulfide (SnS) nanosheets as a direct soft X-ray detector, overcoming limitations of traditional X-ray detectors in the water window region. It demonstrates high sensitivity and performance in soft X-ray detection, outperforming existing direct soft X-ray detectors.
The structural characteristics of biological specimens, such as wet proteins and fixed living cells, can be conveniently probed in their host aqueous media using soft X-rays in the water window region (200-600 eV). Conventional X-ray detectors in this area exhibit low spatial resolution, have limited sensitivity, and require complex fabrication procedures. Here, many of these limitations are overcome by introducing a direct soft X-ray detector based on ultrathin tin mono-sulfide (SnS) nanosheets. The distinguishing characteristic of SnS is its high photon absorption efficiency in the soft X-ray region. This factor enables the fabricated soft X-ray detectors to exhibit excellent sensitivity values on the order of 104 mu CGyVac-1 cm-2 at peak energies of approximate to 600 eV. The peak signal is found to be sensitive to the number of stacked SnS layers, with thicker SnS nanosheet assemblies yielding a peak response at higher energies and with peak sensitives of over 2.5 x 104 mu CGyVac-1 cm-2 at 1 V. Detailed current-voltage and temporal characteristics of these detectors are also presented. These results showcase the excellent performance of SnS nanosheet-based soft X-ray detectors compared to existing direct soft X-ray detectors, including that of the emerging organic-inorganic perovskite class of materials.
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