Article
Engineering, Civil
Gebre Gelete
Summary: In this study, four individual models were used for modeling soil erosion in Katar catchment, and two strategies were applied to improve the predictive accuracy. The results showed that the HW model performed the best among the individual models, while the NFE ensemble technique provided the best performance. The hybrid HW-XGB model achieved the best predictive performance.
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chih-Chung Chung, Yen-Kai Wang
Summary: A novel real-time SSC monitoring approach using time domain reflectometry (TDR) was proposed in this study. By improving the method and solving practical problems, the measurement stability and accuracy for long-term monitoring in rivers and reservoirs were enhanced. Experimental results showed that the new method has potential for characterizing suspended sediment load more effectively.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ning Sun, Hongxiang Yan, Mark S. Wigmosta, Andre M. Coleman, L. Ruby Leung, Zhangshuan Hou
Summary: This study used the Next Generation IDF (NG-IDF) technique to estimate extreme events in the conterminous United States (CONUS). The study differentiated the contributions of rainfall, snowmelt, and rain-on-snow (ROS) events to water reaching the land surface. By developing datasets and validating the model simulations with long-term snow data, the study provided valuable support for site-specific infrastructure design.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sagy Cohen, Jaia Syvitski, Thomas Ashely, Roderick Lammers, Balazs Fekete, Hong-Yi Li
Summary: Bedload is difficult to measure and model, and its dynamics in most fluvial systems worldwide remain unknown. This study presents a global scale bedload flux model that predicts the distribution of water discharge, suspended sediment, and bedload, and analyzes the sensitivity of bedload predictions to various factors. The results show that river discharge and slope are the key drivers of bedload trends.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anna Maria De Girolamo, Giovanni Francesco Ricci, Ossama M. M. Abdelwahab, Antonio Lo Porto, Fabio Milillo, Addolorata Maria Netti, Francesco Gentile
Summary: This study quantified suspended sediment loads in two mountainous river basins. The findings revealed that over 80% of the sediment load was transported during high-flow conditions, while less than 1% was transported during low-flow conditions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Liege F. K. Wosiacki, Hugo Koji Suekame, Molly S. Wood, Fabio Verissimo Goncalves, Tobias Bleninger
Summary: Fluvial systems are used for various purposes, and understanding sediment dynamics is crucial as erosion and deposition processes can alter the morphology and environment of these systems. This study presents an innovative sediment monitoring technique using an acoustic Doppler current profiler to measure suspended sediment concentration. The technique involves applying corrections to obtain accurate SSC measurements and can expand sediment data collection even with reduced traditional sampling.
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Saahil Shenoy, Dimitry Gorinevsky, Kevin E. Trenberth, Steven Chu
Summary: By analyzing temperature and rainfall data, we found that there is an increasing trend in extreme climate events in the continental United States over the past 41 years. The risk of high-temperature events has increased 2.1-fold, with a 2.6-fold increase from July to October. On the other hand, the risk of high rainfall extremes has increased 1.4-fold in December and January but decreased by 22% during the spring and summer months.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jenq-Tzong Shiau, Yu-Cheng Lien
Summary: This study proposes a parsimonious probabilistic model based on copulas to infill sediment data scarcity issues in river basins of Taiwan. By constructing a copula-based bivariate distribution model and using conditional distributions, the study provides probabilistic estimations of sediment loads. The outcomes of the proposed approach are compared with traditional sediment rating curve methods and evaluated based on performance metrics, showing different strengths in terms of accuracy and behavior preservation.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Kiyoumars Roushangar, Nasrin Aghajani, Roghayeh Ghasempour, Farhad Alizadeh
Summary: This study evaluated the capability of the Kernel Extreme Learning Machine (KELM) approach for predicting river daily Suspended Sediment Concentration (SSC) and Discharge (SSD), as well as using Wavelet Transform (WT) and Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) techniques to improve model efficiency. Results showed that data processing with WT enhanced the models' capability by up to 15%, and previous stations data could be successfully applied for modeling when stations' own data were not available.
JOURNAL OF HYDROINFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hyoseob Noh, Yong Sung Park, Il Won Seo
Summary: Sediment transport load monitoring is important in civil and environmental engineering fields. This study proposes estimation models for the suspended-to-total load fraction using dimensionless hydro-morphological variables, and reveals the relations between them using symbolic regression methods. Clustering analyses help identify the underlying relationships between variables. These models are practical and easy to implement in other suspended sediment monitoring methods.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hyoseob Noh, Yong Sung Park, Il Won Seo
Summary: Sediment transport load monitoring is important in civil and environmental engineering. This study proposes estimation models for the suspended-to-total load fraction using dimensionless hydro-morphological variables. The models were developed through feature elimination and symbolic regression methods. Clustering analysis and sensitivity analysis were also conducted for a deeper understanding of variable relationships.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
D. N. Livsey, R. D. R. Turner, P. R. Grace
Summary: Optical and acoustic backscatter measurements are combined to quantify suspended-sediment concentration and particle size in suspensions dominated by muddy flocculated sediment. The sediment composition index (SCI) is used to predict the ratio of suspended-sediment concentration to acoustic backscatter under changes in particle size and density, and to estimate suspended-sediment concentration that is independent of changes in particle size and density. The SCI is found to be sensitive to changes in particle size and the estimates of particle bulk apparent density from SCI are biased by changes in particle size.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Francesca Madia Mele, Peter Wall, Hassan W. Qazi, Noel Cunniffe, Andrew Keane, Jonathan O'Sullivan
Summary: This paper presents a methodology for designing over-frequency containment schemes in low inertia, high renewable systems, and demonstrates its effectiveness through the redesign of such a scheme for the power system in Ireland and Northern Ireland.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Daniel L. Villa, Tyler Schostek, Krissy Govertsen, Madeline Macmillan
Summary: This work introduces a stochastic model that fills the gap in infrastructure resilience analyses caused by the difficulty of applying extreme temperature events for future conditions. The model uses historical data, shifts in intensity and frequency based on surface temperature anomaly, and climate scenarios to accurately predict extreme temperature events. The model passed rigorous statistical tests and had acceptable errors when comparing future climate scenarios.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Andreas Haensler, Markus Weiler
Summary: Spatially explicit design storms are crucial for assessing flood risk and planning. This study presents a method to estimate these storms using statistically extended weather radar precipitation estimates. The results show that the spatial patterns of the design storms are more realistic in the weather-radar-based product, but the magnitude of the storms is generally lower. More research is needed to understand this discrepancy.
HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Nejc Bezak, Saso Petan, Mira Kobold, Mitja Brilly, Zoltan Balint, Snezhanka Balabanova, Valeriu Cazac, Andras Csik, Reinhold Godina, Petr Janal, Zeljka Klemar, Eva Kopacikova, Philipp Liedl, Marius Matreata, Viktoriia Korniienko, Dejan Vladikovic, Mojca Sraj
Summary: Flood forecasting is crucial for protecting human lives and social assets, with significant differences existing among countries in the Danube River Basin, leaving room for improvements in measurement networks and models used to enhance flood forecasting in the region.
RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Igor Lescesen, Mojca Sraj, Milana Pantelic, Dragan Dolinaj
Summary: The study found that there is no significant trend in annual maximum river discharges at the Sremska Mitrovica gauging station on the Sava River, with increasing temperatures and decreasing precipitation trends. Seasonal analysis showed a weak negative trend in spring, summer, and autumn, and a weak positive trend in winter, with a significant increasing trend in autumn precipitation.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nejc Bezak, Pasquale Borrelli, Matjaz Mikos, Panos Panagos
Summary: In this study, the outreach and impact of literature on soil erosion modeling were analyzed using the Altmetric database. The findings showed that literature dealing with global-scale assessments and future projection studies received more mentions in media and policy documents. It was also observed that papers frequently cited by researchers did not necessarily have high media and policy outreach. Papers with an Altmetric Score (AS) larger than 0 were mentioned by one policy document and five Twitter users on average, and had 100 Mendeley readers. The percentage of papers appearing in news articles and blogs was only around 5% and 9% respectively, while it was around 45% for Twitter and policy mentions.
Article
Geography, Physical
Mateja Jelovcan, Mojca Sraj
Summary: This article presents the analysis results of low flows at 5 gauging stations on the Vipava River. The study finds that the gauging station Vipava has the lowest values of low flow, indicating low soil permeability. The similarity between the mean annual minimum 7-day flow and the 95th percentile exceedance discharge at all stations suggests a temperate climate.
ACTA GEOGRAPHICA SLOVENICA-GEOGRAFSKI ZBORNIK
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Igor Lescesen, Mojca Sraj, Biljana Basarin, Dragoslav Pavic, Minucer Mesaros, Manfred Mudelsee
Summary: Regional flood frequency analysis is a powerful method that combines observational data from multiple sites to estimate statistical parameters related to flood risk. This study introduces a novel fit metric and applies it to six hydrological stations along the Sava River. The results show that the Sava River basin is hydrologically homogeneous and that the Generalized Extreme Value distribution typically provides the best fit. These findings are important for hydrological sciences and the design of regional flood protection infrastructure.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nejc Bezak, Josip Peranic, Matjaz Mikos, Zeljko Arbanas
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of several hydrological rainfall loss methods in reproducing experimental results. The results indicate that multiple rainfall loss methods should be tested and evaluated to select the most suitable method in natural environments with heterogeneous soil characteristics.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Steven Brazda, Mojca Sraj, Nejc Bezak
Summary: This study investigates the drivers and characteristics of floods in Europe and North America from the compound event perspective. The results show that snowmelt floods are often the dominant flood type in the selected catchments, especially at higher latitudes. Moreover, wet initial conditions are more frequent, indicating the importance of soil moisture for flood generation.
ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tamara Kuzmanic, Klaudija Lebar, Matjaz Mikos
Summary: During the routing of coarse particles in sedimentary environments, the particles undergo abrasion, leading to mass loss and changes in morphology. The shape of the particles becomes more spherical, rounded, and smooth. The experiments conducted in two different setups using quarried dolomite revealed that high-energy abrasion resulted in higher mass loss and more rapid changes in form compared to low-energy abrasion.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Mark Bryan Alivio, Mojca Sraj, Nejc Bezak
Summary: Trees play an important role in the hydrological cycle, altering the intensity and pathway of rainfall. This study demonstrates that the canopy interception by birch trees can attenuate rainfall intensity, with higher interception during the leafed season. Atmospheric variables such as vapor pressure deficit and air temperature also influence rainfall intensities. Canopy interception has a significant effect on runoff peak water level.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Mark Bryan Alivio, Nejc Bezak, Matjaz Mikos
Summary: Raindrop impact on bare soils is the initial phase of rainfall-induced soil erosion, but this process is altered by vegetation. This study observed the drop size distribution and kinetic energy of raindrops above and below birch tree canopies in a research plot in Ljubljana, Slovenia for one year, and analyzed the effects of meteorological variables. The results showed that throughfall had two distinct peaks in drop size distribution, mainly occurring on smaller drops, while open rainfall only had one peak. The cumulative drop number, median drop-volume diameter, and drop fall velocity of throughfall were lower than those of open rainfall. The presence of the canopy caused the fractionation of larger drops into smaller droplets. The study also found that the birch tree significantly changed the kinetic energy of open rainfall, weakening it by 33.7%. The phenological condition of the canopy affected the kinetic energy, with higher attenuation during the leafed state. Vapor pressure deficit, air temperature, and relative humidity had stronger associations with throughfall kinetic energy. These findings highlight the importance of selecting appropriate tree species for afforestation programs.
URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Janja Svetina, Joerg Prestor, Mojca Sraj
Summary: A thorough understanding of hydrologic mechanisms is crucial for effective stormwater management. Infiltration plays a critical role in determining water entry into soil and controlling surface runoff. Variations in soil properties significantly impact infiltration rates, emphasizing the importance of field-specific evaluation of hydraulic conductivity. This study compares two field measurement techniques, the double-ring infiltrometer (DRI) and the mini-disk infiltrometer (MDI), to determine soil hydraulic conductivity under dry conditions. Multiple replicates of infiltration tests are essential, especially during the dry season, as initial dry surfaces cause deviations in hydraulic conductivity estimates. The study also highlights the significance of spatial variability within short distances and uses experimental infiltration curves to evaluate and compare soil hydraulic parameters through infiltration modeling.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Marcos Julien Alexopoulos, Hannes Mueller-Thomy, Patrick Nistahl, Mojca Sraj, Nejc Bezak
Summary: Observational data scarcity limits the potential of rainfall-runoff modelling. This study evaluates the performance of ERA5-Land and COSMO-REA6 precipitation reanalysis products using 16 catchments in Slovenia. The tested PRPs could be used as an alternative to station-based data, but model calibration using discharge data is needed to improve the performance.
HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Cenk Sezen, Mojca Sraj
Summary: This study uses three hybrid models combining machine learning and conceptual models to simulate hourly rainfall-runoff in the Ljubljanica River catchment in Slovenia. The results demonstrate that using different variables from the conceptual model, including the snow module, in the machine learning models can significantly improve the simulation performance, especially for extreme flows. The hybrid modeling approach has the potential to enhance the runoff simulation performance in karst catchments with diversified geological formations.
STOCHASTIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jost Sodnik, Matjaz Mikos, Nejc Bezak
Summary: This study presents a range of measures taken in the torrential catchment of the Slovenian Alps to mitigate sediment-related disasters caused by flash floods, debris flows, and landslides. The combination of technical countermeasures, including check dams and flexible net barriers, proved effective during extreme floods in August 2023. The study also highlights investigations and modeling conducted to prepare for future disasters in response to climate change.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Nejc Bezak, Pasquale Borrelli, Matjaz Mikos, Mateja Jemec Auflic, Panos Panagos
Summary: Soil erosion is expected to increase due to climate change. This study evaluates the applicability of the Erosion Potential Model (EPM) and its modified version (mEPM) for estimating erosion rates globally. The results show that mEPM overcomes the limitations of EPM in cold regions. The gross erosion rates by EPM are higher compared to USLE-type models, indicating the importance of considering other erosion processes.
