Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Musarrat Hussain, Fahad Ahmed Satti, Syed Imran Ali, Jamil Hussain, Taqdir Ali, Hun-Sung Kim, Kun-Ho Yoon, TaeChoong Chung, Sungyoung Lee
Summary: This paper presents research work in the field of healthcare to achieve a comprehensive framework using state-of-the-art machine learning techniques to extract knowledge from structured and unstructured data and integrate it with expert knowledge. The technique proposed shows higher accuracy compared to other methods, laying the foundation for an accurate and evolvable knowledge base that greatly enhances decision-making in the healthcare domain.
KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Mingzhen Zhang, Naiding Yang, Xianglin Zhu, Yan Wang
Summary: This research investigates the evolution of cooperation and the influence of multiple strategy-updating rules in scale-free community networks. The study finds that community structure facilitates cooperation with public goods games and the enhancement factor determines the relationship between strategy-updating rules and cooperation density.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Neeru Gupta, Zihao Sheng
Summary: Social isolation poses a significant health concern for aging populations, while a strong sense of community belonging is associated with lower risk of hospitalization for diabetes. Patients with weak community attachment are more likely to be hospitalized for diabetes, even after adjusting for other factors.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Tomas Ratinger, Klara Camska, Jaroslav Prazan, Miroslava Bavorova, Iva Vancurova
Summary: Several non-governmental initiatives have emerged in the Czech Republic aiming to provide public goods or ecosystem services from agriculture and forestry. These initiatives, often started by elites, present themselves as collective actions but face conflicts with non-involved actors. Despite proposals to transition towards community-based collective action, challenges remain in finding common interests among actors and sharing power effectively within the initiatives.
Review
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Carmen Rojo
Summary: The study of plankton community assembly has mainly focused on phytoplankton, aiming to find species associations, establish templates, and discuss assembly mechanisms. Future research will need to consider classical ecological mechanisms, as well as evolutionary and metacommunity processes to further advance our understanding of community assembly.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Carly Jacobs, Katie Soulliere, Susan Sawyer-Beaulieu, Abir Sabzwari, Edwin Tam
Summary: The circular economy focuses on reducing waste during product design, reusing materials, and emphasizing sustainability. Efforts to reduce single-use items, especially plastics, are just beginning and have been disrupted by global market uncertainty and the COVID-19 pandemic. Recovering materials from complex consumer products presents greater challenges compared to simple products.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Aurore Courtoy, Angel S. Miramontes, Harut Avakian, Marco Mirazita, Silvia Pisano
Summary: We present the first point-by-point extraction of a twist-3 PDF by analyzing the beam-spin asymmetry data for dihadron production in semi-inclusive DIS. The extracted scalar PDF provides insights into the physics of quark-gluon correlations and has implications for the scalar charge of the nucleon.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Stephane Airiau, Haris Aziz, Ioannis Caragiannis, Justin Kruger, Jerome Lang, Dominik Peters
Summary: This article studies rules for distributing a divisible public resource among projects when voters have ordinal preference rankings. It introduces a family of rules based on positional scoring rules and discusses their computational and normative properties. The focus is on fairness, and the concept of SD-core is introduced to measure group fairness.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mark S. Reed, Tom Curtis, Arjan Gosal, Helen Kendall, Sarah Pyndt Andersen, Guy Ziv, Anais Attlee, Richard G. Fitton, Matthew Hay, Alicia C. Gibson, Alex C. Hume, David Hill, Jamie L. Mansfield, Simone Martino, Asger Strange Olesen, Stephen Prior, Christopher Rodgers, Hannah Rudman, Franziska Tanneberger
Summary: Ecosystem markets are growing globally in response to the demand for climate change mitigation and provision of public goods. However, integrating these markets raises challenges, such as the crowding out of private investment and trade-offs between different schemes. This study analyzes eleven European ecosystem markets and identifies three types of markets operating at different scales. The study proposes options for blending public and private funding and outlines a framework for integrating national carbon markets and green finance with regional ecosystem markets, which could increase funding for regenerative agriculture and conservation across multiple habitats and services.
Editorial Material
Ecology
Marina J. Ayala, Javan K. Carter, Avani S. Fachon, Samuel M. Flaxman, Michael A. Gil, Heather Kenny, Zachary M. Laubach, Sage A. Madden, Molly T. McDermott, Angela Medina-Garcia, Rebecca J. Safran, Ellen Scherner, Drew R. Schield, Sabela Vasquez-Rey, Julie Volckens
Summary: Diversity is crucial for scientific innovation, but STEM fields struggle to retain diverse communities. Research shows that fostering a sense of belonging is essential for maintaining diversity. We propose an iterative process to enhance a sense of belonging among lab members through self-reflection and community collective action.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2021)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Michelle Izmaylov
Summary: This essay discusses the importance of treating patients as individuals and taking into account their quality of life, even if their preferences do not align with medical recommendations.
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Aleksandr Yurievich Yurin, Nikita Olegovich Dorodnykh, Olga Anatolievna Nikolaychuk
Summary: The new release of the Personal Knowledge Base Designer software offers various features such as RVML for rule modeling, decision tables as a new source of domain knowledge, and FuzzyRVML for modeling incompleteness and inaccuracy in logical rules. Enhancements and new abilities have been introduced, including generation of source codes for PHP and FuzzyCLIPS.
Article
Economics
Jaume Sempere
Summary: This paper extends the findings of Grinols and Silva to free trade areas that have rules of origin which stipulate a minimum national content requirement. In this model, producers from a member country may opt not to comply with the rules of origin and choose to pay tariffs when exporting to other member countries. To ensure trade gains, firms from any member country should be allowed to export to other members while paying tariffs that are not higher than before the agreement was signed, even if they do not comply with the rules of origin. The tariff revenue collected is then refunded to consumers in a lump sum manner in order to maintain their current consumption plans.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ECONOMIC THEORY
(2022)
Article
Information Science & Library Science
Antino Kim, Rajib L. Saha, Warut Khern-am-nuai
Summary: Unlike other industries, the video game industry has a significant secondhand market. Major gaming console companies like Sony and Microsoft could eliminate this market, but they have allowed it to continue. Research shows that when a valuable console is offered, the existence of a secondhand market can increase a manufacturer's profit while benefiting consumers and society as a whole.
INFORMATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dean J. Tantillo, Jeffrey I. Seeman
Summary: Researchers successfully predicted the NMR spectra of key compounds through analyzing the early work of two chemists, providing computational support for the structure assignments at that time.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Xudan Zhu, Liang Chen, Jukka Pumpanen, Anne Ojala, John Zobitz, Xuan Zhou, Hjalmar Laudon, Marjo Palviainen, Kimmo Neitola, Frank Berninger
Summary: This study investigated the impacts of climate change-induced terrestrial productivity increase and hydrology changes on DOC concentrations in boreal catchments. The combined effects of terrestrial productivity and discharge explained 62% of aquatic DOC variations, with different impacts observed in catchments of varying sizes. Increasing RE always made a positive contribution to DOC concentration, highlighting the importance of DOC fluxes in regulating ecosystem C budgets.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Pablo Urrutia-Cordero, Silke Langenheder, Maren Striebel, David G. Angeler, Stefan Bertilsson, Peter Eklov, Lars-Anders Hansson, Egle Kelpsiene, Hjalmar Laudon, Maria Lundgren, Linda Parkefelt, Ian Donohue, Helmut Hillebrand
Summary: Ecological stability is a complex concept that involves multiple dimensions of functional and compositional responses to environmental change. Our study introduces an integrative metric of overall ecological vulnerability (OEV) that captures both functional and compositional aspects, providing a framework for assessing ecological risk and management. The findings highlight the importance of considering multiple stability components and their relationships in understanding ecosystems' vulnerability to environmental change.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Eduardo Martinez-Garcia, Mats B. Nilsson, Hjalmar Laudon, Tomas Lundmark, Johan E. S. Fransson, Jorgen Wallerman, Matthias Peichl
Summary: The forest floor acts as a source of CO2, with emissions increasing with stand age. Tree species and soil type have minimal effects on CO2 fluxes. Pine stands have higher understory production rates than spruce stands. Tree biomass is the major driver of CO2 flux variations.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Water Resources
Jason A. Leach, R. Dan Moore, Hjalmar Laudon, Caleb A. Buahin, Bethany T. Neilson
Summary: The presence of headwater lakes can moderate the temperature response to forest harvesting, but during rain events, the stream with a lake shows a greater temperature response compared to the stream without a lake.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Water Resources
Shirin Karimi, Jan Seibert, Hjalmar Laudon
Summary: This study evaluates the performance of three different HBV model structures on 14 heterogeneous boreal catchments, showing that the three-bucket structure performs better in larger catchments while a single reservoir structure is sufficient for lake-influenced catchments with lower elevation. Although estimates of mean catchment storage varied between different model structures, the ranking between catchments largely agreed across the different structures.
HYDROLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Water Resources
Hjalmar Laudon, William Lidberg, Ryan Allen Sponseller, Eliza Maher Hasselquist, Florian Westphal, Lars Ostlund, Camilla Sandstrom, Jarvi Jarveoja, Matthias Peichl, Anneli M. Agren
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tejshree Tiwari, Ryan Sponseller, Hjalmar Laudon
Summary: Global climate change could lead to more frequent and intense droughts in high latitudes. A study using a 17-year record from boreal streams found that summer droughts direct and lag effects on the quantity and quality of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) inputs from catchment soils. The research showed that summer drought causes a fundamental shift in the seasonal distribution of DOC concentrations and character, which play a primary role in the functioning of northern aquatic ecosystems.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Matthias Peichl, Eduardo Martinez-Garcia, Johan E. S. Fransson, Jorgen Wallerman, Hjalmar Laudon, Tomas Lundmark, Mats B. Nilsson
Summary: This study investigates the variations of annual net ecosystem production (NEP) in a managed boreal forest landscape in northern Sweden using extensive biometric and chamber-based carbon flux data. The results highlight the role of net primary production in regulating the spatio-temporal variations of NEP in the managed boreal forest landscape. Additionally, divergent successional patterns of NEP were observed in the managed forests compared to naturally regenerating boreal forests.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
M. Skerlep, S. Nehzati, R. A. Sponseller, P. Persson, H. Laudon, E. S. Kritzberg
Summary: Increasing iron concentrations in freshwaters across northern Europe have led to browning, affecting aquatic organisms and drinking water production. The contribution of different sources to stream iron concentrations is not well understood. This study investigated the role of riparian and mire soils in regulating iron patterns in a boreal stream network over 18 years. Results showed that riparian soils were major contributors to increasing freshwater iron concentrations, and drought events led to prolonged release of iron from organic soils, with potential long-term effects on stream iron concentrations.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2023)
Review
Forestry
Hjalmar Laudon, Eliza Maher Hasselquist
Summary: Continuous-cover forestry (CCF) is being considered as a potential alternative to clear-cut harvesting in boreal forests to improve water quality and quantity, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration. This study reviews the empirical evidence for the benefits of CCF on drained forested peatlands, discusses potential risks and uncertainties, and highlights unanswered questions before large-scale implementation. The ability to maintain forest production on drained peatlands depends on water regulation of groundwater table, and CCF could provide an alternative approach to manage groundwater without disturbing the existing artificial channel network. While CCF could lower the risk of flooding and droughts and enhance water quality and carbon sequestration, uncertainties remain regarding natural regeneration, soil damage, and the effects of climate change.
TREES FORESTS AND PEOPLE
(2023)
Article
Water Resources
Shirin Karimi, Jason Leach, Reinert Huseby Karlsen, Jan Seibert, Kevin Bishop, Hjalmar Laudon
Summary: Boreal catchments consist of different land covers, which result in different runoff responses to rainfall events. This study investigates the impact of peatlands on flood attenuation at both local and stream network scales. The results show that peatlands can attenuate floods in certain rainfall events, but in other events, the flood levels in peatland-dominated areas are similar to forest-dominated areas.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Johannes Larson, Jorgen Wallerman, Matthias Peichl, Hjalmar Laudon
Summary: Boreal forests have large carbon pools, with the organic layer being the largest carbon pool. The size of the soil carbon pool is positively related to simulated soil moisture conditions, while the tree carbon pool is influenced by moisture levels.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Virginia Mosquera, Hjalmar Laudon, Meredith Blackburn, Eliza Maher Hasselquist, Ryan A. Sponseller
Summary: Flow regulates the concentrations of different solutes differently, with organic solutes mainly limited by transport capacity and inorganic solutes mainly limited by their sources. The relationships between solute concentration and flow are influenced by catchment structure, and these changes can affect the concentrations and resource ratios of solutes in streams, with subsequent impacts on aquatic ecological processes.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Anna Lupon, Stefan Willem Ploum, Jason Andrew Leach, Lenka Kuglerova, Hjalmar Laudon
Summary: Preferential groundwater flow paths can influence dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration and export in the fluvial network. However, the mechanisms by which DRIPs influence longitudinal patterns of stream DOC concentrations are still poorly understood.
HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Johannes Larson, William Lidberg, Anneli M. Agren, Hjalmar Laudon
Summary: Soil moisture is important for drought and flooding forecasting, forest fire prediction and water supply management. Mapping soil moisture has been challenging due to forest canopy cover and small-scale variations. Terrain indices can effectively model the spatial variation of soil moisture conditions.
HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2022)
