Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Benjamin Plackett
Summary: The AI revolution is failing to reach remote communities, but researchers have the potential to make a difference.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryan Abbott
Summary: The current diversity of rules worldwide regarding the patentability of innovations made using artificial intelligence hampers the development of AI-rich fields such as drug discovery.
Review
Food Science & Technology
C. Qian, S. Murphy, R. H. Orsi, M. Wiedmann
Summary: With advancements in AI technologies, the development and implementation of digital food systems are becoming more feasible. AI applications such as machine learning, natural language processing, and computer vision have the potential to enhance food safety in various ways. However, obstacles such as limited data sharing and collaborative research efforts hinder the commercial development of AI technologies in food safety. Future actions should focus on data privacy protection, data standardization, and the establishment of a collaborative ecosystem to drive innovations in AI applications for food safety.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Travis LaCroix, Aydin Mohseni
Summary: Policy and guideline proposals for ethical AI research have increased in recent years, but lack effective mechanisms for enforcement. This paper uses stochastic evolutionary game dynamics to model the social dilemma of ethical AI development and suggests promoting cooperation in smaller groups with low cooperation cost and high perceived risk of failure, providing insights into the success factors of such proposals.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
David C. Classen, Christopher Longhurst, Eric J. Thomas
Summary: This paper reviews the current state of patient safety and the application of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to patient safety. It defines patient safety broadly and outlines the major current uses of AI in patient safety. It also highlights the limitations of these AI systems and emphasizes the importance of increased funding for research and evaluation in this area.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Business
Julian De Freitas, Ahmet Kaan Uguralp, Zeliha Oguz-Uguralp, Stefano Puntoni
Summary: This research focuses on the context of mental health and companion AI. Through field evidence and experiments, it reveals the potential safety issues of widespread use of chatbots, the difficulty for companion AI to recognize and appropriately respond to distress signs, and the negative reactions from users to ineffective and risky responses, highlighting reputational risks for generative AI companies.
JOURNAL OF CONSUMER PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Steven M. A. Bow, Peter Schroeder-Baeck, Dominic Norcliffe-Brown, James Wilson, Farhang Tahzib
Summary: The study aimed to identify the causes of moral distress in public health professionals associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and find potential ways to avoid or mitigate the distress. A survey was conducted among members of the UK Faculty of Public Health, and qualitative content analysis was used to explore the situations, moral judgments, and proposed solutions related to moral distress. The results showed that national policy, guidance and law, public health advice, and workplace environments were the main causes of moral distress. Public health professionals recognized the need to improve guidance, communication, and preparedness, and called for more subsidiarity, moral development, support, and freedom to voice concerns.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elizabeth Jane Shortis, Anna Jane Newton-Clarke, Anish Verma, Deborah Emma Allen, Elizabeth Viola, Neil H. Metcalfe
Summary: From April 2022, Liberty Protection Safeguards (LPS) will replace Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards (DoLS). LPS intend to provide a more robust protection to a wider group of vulnerable people.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ariana Remmel
Summary: With the rollout of vaccines, researchers are gaining insights into the extent and nature of side effects.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Brett N. Hryciw, Zanna Fortin, Jamie Ghossein, Kwadwo Kyeremanteng
Summary: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare has the potential to transform medical practice, but it may also affect the physician-patient interaction and present ethical challenges. This article discusses how patients may interact with AI, explores how emerging technologies may alter the dynamics of the physician-patient relationship, and reviews existing limitations. It identifies potential challenges with the integration of AI into medical settings and proposes solutions to mitigate these issues.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Milka Nyariro, Elham Emami, Pascale Caidor, Samira Abbasgholizadeh Rahimi
Summary: This article describes a protocol for a scoping review of the literature on the integration of equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) in AI interventions within healthcare settings. The objective of the review is to evaluate the incorporation of EDI concepts, principles, and practices in the lifecycle of AI interventions in healthcare settings, and to explore which EDI concepts, principles, and practices have been integrated into the design, development, and implementation of AI in healthcare settings.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kirstie Shearman, Alexander Masters, Dominic Nutt, Simon Bowman, Heather Draper
Summary: The study aims to identify and explore concerns raised by UK research ethics committees (RECs) when reviewing clinical trials funded through the Plutocratic Proposal. Findings suggest that participants generally find this funding method acceptable, but have concerns regarding scientific integrity and fairness in distributing benefits. Additional guidance may be necessary for RECs to address ethical concerns related to donor participation and ensure consistent decision-making.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Ondrej Bajgar, Jan Horenovsky
Summary: To ensure reliable safety of autonomous AI systems in novel situations, general principles guiding them to recognize and avoid harmful behaviors need to be incorporated, supported by a binding system of regulation. Drawing inspiration from law, this article explains how negative human rights could serve as a foundation for an international regulatory system and technical safety constraints for future AI systems.
JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sandeep Reddy
Summary: The integration of AI in healthcare brings significant transformation, but also raises ethical and legal challenges. This viewpoint emphasizes the need for specialized regulation to address these challenges and ensure ethical and legal implementation of AI in the complex healthcare domain.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Gali Katznelson, Sara Gerke
Summary: Health Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve healthcare but also raises numerous ethical challenges. Teaching health AI ethics in medical schools is essential for future medical professionals to navigate the complexities posed by ethical issues in the field of health AI.
ADVANCES IN HEALTH SCIENCES EDUCATION
(2021)
