Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Baowen Xue, Anne McMunn
Summary: During the first Covid-19 lockdown in the UK, women spent significantly more time on unpaid care work compared to men, leading to increased levels of psychological distress. Juggling home working with homeschooling and childcare as well as extra housework is likely to have a negative impact on mental health, particularly for lone mothers.
Article
Management
Sara Ain Tommar, Olga Kolokolova, Roberto Mura
Summary: The study reveals that the work productivity of mothers with young children is significantly reduced during the pandemic due to the burden of unpaid care work, raising concerns about the efforts for female representation in the economy.
MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
A. Amarender Reddy, Surabhi Mittal, Namrata Singha Roy, Sanghamitra Kanjilal-Bhaduri
Summary: The study reveals that males spend more time and work at higher wage rates in employment activities, leading to a significant income gap between men and women. Factors such as household wealth, land, income, education, and skills significantly affect the time allocation between employment and non-employment activities.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Judith Derndorfer, Franziska Disslbacher, Vanessa Lechinger, Katharina Mader, Eva Six
Summary: The lockdown resulted in an increase in unpaid work within households, disproportionately borne by women. In Austria during the first COVID-19 lockdown, men were more likely to take on a larger share of housework if they were working from home, either alone or with their female partner. However, men's involvement in childcare increased only when their female partner was not able to work from home.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Dharshani Thennakoon, Shalini Dananja Kumari Wanninayake, Pavithra Kailasapathy
Summary: Despite significant changes in work and society, societies' ideologies on the distribution of unpaid labour have remained stagnant. This study explores the distribution of unpaid labour among dual-earner couples during the COVID-19 pandemic, revealing traditional gender norms and changes in men's contribution to unpaid labour when women are at home or have other forms of support.
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Juan Carlos Campana, Jose Ignacio Gimenez-Nadal, Jorge Velilla
Summary: This paper explores the gender gap in time allocation in European countries and finds that the gender gaps in both paid and unpaid work have been reduced in most countries, but there is significant variation in the size of the gaps across countries. Social norms and institutional factors have an impact on the size of the gender gaps, with countries that have more traditional social norms exhibiting greater gender inequalities. Countries with better family-friendly policies and a higher representation of women in politics and the labor market have smaller gender inequalities.
SOCIAL INDICATORS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Family Studies
Thomas Lyttelton, Emma Zang, Kelly Musick
Summary: Telecommuting has different impacts on mothers and fathers in paid and unpaid work before and during the pandemic, playing a role in reducing gender gaps and maintaining work hours for mothers but exacerbating inequalities in housework and disruptions to paid work.
JOURNAL OF MARRIAGE AND FAMILY
(2022)
Article
Business
Ekaterina Hertog, Setsuya Fukuda, Rikiya Matsukura, Nobuko Nagase, Vili Lehdonvirta
Summary: Unpaid domestic work is crucial for human reproduction and enables other forms of work. This article presents the first estimates of the impacts of smart and AI technologies on unpaid work, exploring the likelihood of automation for various tasks and its effects on the time spent on domestic work and gendered division of labor. Applying automation likelihood estimates to Japanese and UK national time use data, it is found that 50-60% of total time spent on unpaid work could be saved through automation, with uneven distribution of savings. Domestic automation has the potential to free up 9.3% of women in Japan and 5.8% of women in the UK for employment, suggesting significant economic and social gains.
TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Georgia Michailidou
Summary: Recent evidence has shown that COVID-19 poses a greater risk to males and minorities. Participants tend to allocate resources more often to benefit females, while males are less likely to receive lifesaving resources. High-income patients are also less likely to receive resources, but race does not seem to affect resource allocation.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Economics
Lidia Farre, Yarine Fawaz, Libertad Gonzalez, Jennifer Graves
Summary: The study reveals that the pandemic lockdown in Spain has resulted in significant employment losses for low-skilled workers and college-educated women, increasing the gender gap in total hours worked. Despite men slightly increasing their participation in home production, women are still bearing the major burden, regardless of their labor market situation. Traditional explanations cannot fully explain the unequal distribution of domestic workload, with gender norms being a plausible explanation according to additional analysis.
REVIEW OF INCOME AND WEALTH
(2022)
Article
Economics
Ipek Ilkkaracan, Emel Memis
Summary: The study finds that male participation in unpaid work increased during lockdown, widening the gender gap, while the gender gap in paid work narrowed due to relative employment stability for women. Employed women faced challenges in maintaining a work-life balance, with disparities in unpaid work among women narrowing as purchasing power became less relevant under pandemic measures. These findings highlight the fragility of work-life balance conditions for employed women and the potential opportunity created by increased male participation in unpaid work.
FEMINIST ECONOMICS
(2021)
Article
Management
Stephanie Steinmetz, Leen Vandecasteele, Florence Lebert, Marieke Voorpostel, Oliver Lipps
Summary: This article assesses the gendered impact of COVID-19 measures on the changes in unpaid work time for Swiss dual earner couples during the pandemic. The study found that changes in partner's time availability were particularly relevant for changes in housework, while individual time availability was more important for care work. Economic bargaining power within the couple was also significant for both types of work. The implemented COVID-19 measures did not lead to increased patriarchal power structures or greater equality in unpaid work between women and men.
GENDER WORK AND ORGANIZATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Kurowska, Ilyar Heydari Barardehi, Sylvia Fuller, Richard J. Petts, Gayle Kaufman, Andrea Doucet, Cassandra Engeman, Anna Matysiak, Raffaele Guetto, Thordis Reimer, Tsegachew Degu Kasegn, Daniele Vignoli, Ann-Zofie Duvander, Shirely Gatenio Gabel
Summary: This study presents the Familydemic Cross Country and Gender Dataset (FCCGD), which provides comparative data on work and family outcomes among parents of dependent children in six countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. It allows for cross-country comparison of employment outcomes, work arrangements, division of unpaid labor, childcare experiences, and subjective assessments of work-life balance and family financial situation.
Article
Immunology
Serena Picelli, Matteo Danielis, Renzo Zanotti
Summary: From April 2021, healthcare workers in Italy were required to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, with immediate unpaid suspension if they refused. This qualitative study explored the reasons behind nurses' refusal to get vaccinated and identified seven themes related to anti-vax behavior. The study emphasizes the importance of timely, transparent, and consistent communication in public health campaigns, especially regarding vaccination.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Anastasia Plaunova, Samantha L. Heller, James S. Babb, Cathleen C. Heffernan
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected female academic radiologists by increasing their household responsibilities and reducing their work productivity.
Female academic radiologists with young children reported a significant decrease in productivity, while male counterparts reported having more time for productivity.
ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Lucia Echeverria, J. Ignacio Gimenez-Nadal, Jose Alberto Molina
Summary: Recent efforts to promote alternative and greener modes of transport aim to boost sustainable economic growth. Using data from the UK Time Use Survey, the study finds that active transport leads to higher levels of well-being during travel, while using public transport is associated with lower levels of well-being in certain trips. The results highlight the need to develop strategies to improve the daily experience of public transport users.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2022)
Article
Economics
Ines Berniell, Lucila Berniell, Dolores de la Mata, Maria Edo, Yarine Fawaz, Matilde P. Machado, Mariana Marchionni
Summary: This paper examines the relationship between marriage decisions, pregnancies, and women's labor market outcomes. The findings suggest that while marriage has a negative effect on women's employment, the negative effect of having a first child is much larger. Additionally, pregnancies that end in non-live births do not have a statistically significant impact on employment in the following years, supporting the assumption that child-rearing is responsible for women exiting the labor force upon motherhood.
Article
Economics
Lucia Echeverria, J. Ignacio Gimenez-Nadal, Jose Alberto Molina
Summary: This study explores the socio-demographic profile of individuals performing green travel and identifies cross-country differences in green travel behavior. The results indicate that walking as a mode of travel exhibits a more consistent profile compared to the use of public transport and cycling across countries. Our findings help in understanding who is committed to green mobility, while revealing interesting systematic differences across countries.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART A-POLICY AND PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Economics
Lucia Echeverria, Jose Alberto Molina
Summary: This paper focuses on poor households versus non-poor households using both objective and subjective measures of poverty. It evaluates the responses of these households to changes in food expenditures, income, and prices, and simulates the welfare losses caused by food price changes across different poverty definitions. The findings highlight the importance of policies that mitigate the negative effects of price shocks, as price increases may lead to larger welfare losses in poor households.
APPLIED ECONOMICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Economics
Lucia Echeverria, Jose Alberto Molina
Summary: Deaton and Paxson's study found that contrary to theory predictions, the share of food expenditure decreases with household size while keeping per capita expenditure constant. This paper aims to investigate the relationship between food demand and household size in Argentina beyond the average effects by using quantile regression. The results show negative and significant effects of household size on food share at the upper tail of the distribution, but no evidence of the paradox for relatively wealthier households with lower food share. This highlights the importance of considering distributional effects for a comprehensive understanding of food consumption behavior, and emphasizes the crucial role of economies of scale in poor households.
B E JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS & POLICY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lucia Echeverria, J. Ignacio Gimenez-Nadal, Jose Alberto Molina
Summary: This study examines the relationship between active commuting (walking and cycling) and the health status reported by US workers. The findings show that longer commutes by bicycle are significantly related to higher levels of subjective health and lower body mass index, while commuting by walking only has weak associations with the health measures.
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Economics
Maria Edo, Walter Sosa Escudero, Marcela Svarc
Summary: Middle class studies have gained relevance in economic literature, but there remains a lack of agreement on conceptual and methodological issues for its identification. This paper introduces a new multidimensional approach for identifying the middle class based on multivariate quantiles, allowing for a more comprehensive assessment of welfare.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC INEQUALITY
(2021)
Article
Development Studies
Maria Edo, Mariana Marchionni
JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT EFFECTIVENESS
(2019)