Article
Polymer Science
Shuai Gao, Guoyu Tian, Yingjuan Fu, Zhaojiang Wang
Summary: Apple wood waste (AWW), mainly tree trucks, is a challenging feedstock for biorefinery due to its hard and dense structure. In this study, alkali-preimpregnation-assisted soda cooking (APSC) was developed to separate cellulose pulp and lignin from AWW. The APSC-AWW pulp showed improved physical strength when blended with long-fibered pulp, and the lignin obtained from APSC-AWW was similar to softwood kraft lignin but more uniform in molecular weight and composition. The utilization of AWW as a feedstock and the industrial applicability of APSC make it attractive for countries with limited forestry resources.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Lu Yao, Songnan Hu, Xijun Wang, Minsheng Lin, Cunzhi Zhang, Yian Chen, Fengxia Yue, Haisong Qi
Summary: Lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs) with tunable lignin contents were directly prepared from sugarcane bagasse. LCNFs showed a more uniform size and narrow diameter distribution compared to cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). CNPs made from LCNFs exhibited outstanding mechanical and optical properties, and LCNFs had higher water contact angles than CNFs.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hanna Berhanu Lemma, Christian Freund, Abubeker Yimam, Friedrich Steffen, Bodo Saake
Summary: During the harvesting of the Enset plant, a large amount of fibrous residues are generated, which have high cellulose and hemicellulose content and low lignin and extractive content. These fibers are ideal for producing dissolving grade pulp and biogas. Prehydrolysis soda pulping with steam pretreatment was performed, followed by soda pulping under mild and severe conditions. A simple bleaching stage was used to achieve high brightness levels and viscosity. Steam treatment reduced the biochemical methane potential of prehydrolysis liquid, but higher biogas production volumes were still obtained at higher steaming severity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria E. Eugenio, Raquel Martin-Sampedro, Jose Santos, Bernd Wicklein, David Ibarra
Summary: In this study, lignins isolated from orange and olive tree residues were found to have high phenolic hydroxyl content, low molecular weights, high polydispersity values, good thermal stability, and strong antioxidant activities. These characteristics make them potential additives for enhancing the thermo-oxidation stability of synthetic polymers.
Article
Polymer Science
Aleksandr S. Kazachenko, Feride Akman, Natalya Yu Vasilieva, Yuriy N. Malyar, Olga Yu Fetisova, Maxim A. Lutoshkin, Yaroslava D. Berezhnaya, Angelina Miroshnikova, Noureddine Issaoui, Zhouyang Xiang
Summary: A method for modifying soda lignin with solid catalysts and sulfamic acid has been proposed and studied. The research showed that solid catalysts could cause hydrolysis reactions and reduce the molecular weight and polydispersity of lignin. The sulfated lignin exhibited thermal stability at high temperatures. These findings are important for the industrial processing of soda lignin.
Article
Polymer Science
Antoine Adjaoud, Reiner Dieden, Pierre Verge
Summary: A sustainable chemical process was developed through the Fischer esterification of Protobind(R) lignin and phloretic acid. The main factor influencing the reaction yield was found to be the initial molar ratio between the two precursors. The esterified lignin showed high solubility in common organic solvents and improved thermal stability, indicating potential for composite and thermoset applications.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Raghu Deshpande, Lars Sundvall, Hans Grundberg, Gunnar Henriksson, Martin Lawoko
Summary: During the pulping process, the molecular mechanisms of lignin recalcitrance include sulfonation, cleavage of lignin carbohydrate bonds, and condensation reactions of benzylic cations detected in lignosulfonates. These reaction sequences reveal the process of lignin dissolution.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Hengyu Xu, Keli Chen, Lilong Zhang, Yulong Wu
Summary: In this study, black liquors (BLs) obtained from soda-oxygen pulping of wheat straw were compared with conventional soda-anthraquinone (soda-AQ) BLs. The soda-oxygen process achieved over 45% silicon removal from BL at a similar delignification level, and the total solid concentration was easily concentrated by up to approximately 50%. The silicon content could be further reduced by simple centrifugation and membrane filtration, with the total solid concentration reaching 60% at 300 mp s, indicating improved properties for potential applications.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiangdong Yu, Xuewen Xu, Chen Miao, Penghui Li, Guolin Tong
Summary: This study analyzed the effect of lignin side chain spatial configuration on cooking performance and compared the structural characteristics of eucalyptus and acacia during cooking using ozonation, GC-MS, NBO, and 2D NMR techniques. The changes in lignin content during the cooking process were studied for four different raw materials using ball milling and UV spectrum analysis. The results showed a continuous decrease in lignin content during cooking, with stability reached only in the late cooking stage. The E/T and S/G ratios of residual lignin followed a similar trend. Different raw materials exhibited variations in cooking efficiency and transformation rules during the cooking process, suggesting the potential for improving pulping efficiency through different technological means.
Article
Forestry
Ahmed Wagih, Merima Hasani, Stephen A. Hall, Hans Theliander
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the interplay between the topochemistry of alkaline pulping and the associated morphological changes in partially soda-delignified wood chips. X-ray tomography and compositional characterization revealed a more delignified microstructure at the surface compared to the central parts of the treated chips, highlighting the dependence of the delignification process on mass transport through the wood tissue.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Endalkachew Mengistie, Abdulbaset M. Alayat, Farid Sotoudehnia, Norbert Bokros, Seth DeBolt, Armando G. McDonald
Summary: The cell wall composition of two sweet sorghum varieties was evaluated using different analytical techniques. The results showed variations in lignin and polysaccharide content between the varieties. One variety exhibited reduced lignin content and increased syringyl/guaiacyl ratio. Additionally, the glucan content in the stalks was also reduced. These findings suggest that both variety and growing season can influence the characteristics of the stalks.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Drake Mboowa
Summary: The paper provides a critical overview of traditional pulping methods and recent improvements, comparing different techniques and emphasizing the effectiveness of semi-chemical pulping. It also discusses recent modifications in pulping processes with a focus on energy savings and quality enhancement. Moreover, it highlights the challenges and prospects in the field of pulping processes.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jiangmiao Yu, Mijash Vaidya, Guocheng Su, Sanjeev Adhikari, Evgeniy Korolev, Svetlana Shekhovtsova
Summary: Lignin, as an inexpensive and renewable asphalt modifier, shows great potential in improving asphalt pavement performance. Adding soda lignin powder can reduce temperature sensitivity of asphalt, increase hardness and decrease ductility, as well as enhance the viscosity of base asphalt. Additionally, soda lignin significantly improves rutting resistance and fatigue performance while slightly reducing low-temperature cracking performance. The dispersion of lignin powder in asphalt is uniform and stable, providing good thermal storage stability.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Irfan Tahir, John Rapinac, Abdulaziz Abutunis, Venkata Gireesh Menta
Summary: The study investigated the effects of blending lignin extracted from tobacco plants with polypropylene on injection molding parameters, physical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Results showed some influence on the properties, with tobacco lignin demonstrating favorable performance compared to processed lignin reported in the literature.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weipeng Pan, Jian Lin
Summary: Centrifugally spun soda lignin nanofibers were prepared as precursors for lignin-based carbon nanofibers and activated carbon nanofibers. The impact of spinning solution concentration and rational speed on the spinnability and fiber diameters were examined. The fibers diameter ranged from 0.47 to 2.36 μm. The effect of nanofiber diameter on morphology and thermal properties during carbonization was investigated. The results showed that the produced nanofibers had a high specific surface area.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ralph Farai Muvhiiwa, Diane Hildebrandt, David Glasser, Tonderayi Matambo, Craig Sheridan
Article
Thermodynamics
Ralph Farai Muvhiiwa, Xiaojun Lu, Diane Hildebrandt, David Glasser, Tonderayi Matambo
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2018)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ralph Muvhiiwa, Diane Hildebrandt, Ngonidzashe Chimwani, Lwazi Ngubevana, Tonderayi Matambo
ENERGY SUSTAINABILITY AND SOCIETY
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ralph Farai Muvhiiwa, Baraka Sempuga, Diane Hildebrandt, Jaco Van der Walt
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2018)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kasonde Maweja, T. Montong, L. Moyo, M. J. Phasha
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
(2012)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Muhammad Aurang Zeb, Ghulam Murtaza, Muhammad Aamer Hussain, Khadija Tul Kubra, Ralph Muvhiiwa, Lueta-Ann De Kock, Francis Hassard
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
L. B. Moyo, G. S. Simate, T. Mutsatsa
Summary: The traditional disposal of agricultural bio-waste can be harmful to the environment, but selectively separating nutrients can produce high-value products. This study found that adding banana peel waste to the anaerobic digestion of pig manure can enhance the solubilisation of phosphorus, facilitating its recovery and reuse.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
L. B. Moyo, G. S. Simate, T. A. Mamvura
Summary: The study investigates the recovery of magnesium from ferrochrome slag using hydrochloric acid as the leaching agent. The results show that the highest recovery of Mg is 88.2% under the optimal conditions of 5 M HCl, a solid to liquid ratio of 1:10, a mixing intensity of 250 rpm, a reaction time of 150 min, and a temperature of 70 degrees C. Kinetic and thermodynamic analysis reveal that the rate-limiting step is the chemical reaction stage.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
P. Musekiwa, L. B. Moyo, T. A. Mamvura, G. Danha, G. S. Simate, N. Hlabangana
Proceedings Paper
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
A. Tapfuma, D. P. Chakawa, L. B. Moyo, N. Hlabangana, G. Danha, E. Muzenda
2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS PROCESSING AND MANUFACTURING (SMPM 2019)
(2019)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ralph Muvhiiwa, Alex Kuvarega, Ephraim Maphla Llana, Adolph Muleja
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2019)