Journal
MATERIALS TODAY BIO
Volume 11, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100113
Keywords
Scaffold; Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2); Tissue engineering; 3D printing; Bone regeneration; Critical-size bone defect
Funding
- European Commission under the PF7 program (European Research Council) [BIOMIM GA259370, 790435]
- Association Gueules Cassees [21-2016, 10-2018]
- French National Research Agency [ANR-18-CE17-0016]
- France Life Imaging (FLI) [ANR-11-INBS-44 0006]
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-18-CE17-0016] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
- European Research Council (ERC) [790435] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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The study suggests that using 3D-printed PLA scaffolds loaded with reduced doses of BMP-2 may be a safe and simple solution for large bone defects in the clinic. The dose of BMP-2 delivered from the scaffold significantly influences the amount of regenerated bone and the repair kinetics, showing good bone repair outcomes.
The reconstruction of large bone defects (12 cm3) remains a challenge for clinicians. We developed a new criticalsize mandibular bone defect model on a minipig, close to human clinical issues. We analyzed the bone reconstruction obtained by a 3D-printed scaffold made of clinical-grade polylactic acid (PLA), coated with a polyelectrolyte film delivering an osteogenic bioactive molecule (BMP-2). We compared the results (computed tomography scans, microcomputed tomography scans, histology) to the gold standard solution, bone autograft. We demonstrated that the dose of BMP-2 delivered from the scaffold significantly influenced the amount of regenerated bone and the repair kinetics, with a clear BMP-2 dose-dependence. Bone was homogeneously formed inside the scaffold without ectopic bone formation. The bone repair was as good as for the bone autograft. The BMP-2 doses applied in our study were reduced 20- to 75-fold compared to the commercial collagen sponges used in the current clinical applications, without any adverse effects. Three-dimensional printed PLA scaffolds loaded with reduced doses of BMP-2 may be a safe and simple solution for large bone defects faced in the clinic.
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