Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Betty Raman, David A. Bluemke, Thomas F. Luscher, Stefan Neubauer
Summary: Long COVID, a condition characterized by the persistence of COVID-19 symptoms beyond 3 months, is expected to significantly impact the lives of millions of people globally. Cardiopulmonary symptoms are common and associated with disability, anxiety, and public awareness. Various cardiovascular abnormalities have been reported, but the pathophysiological mechanisms are still poorly understood.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Betty Raman, David A. Bluemke, Thomas F. Luescher, Stefan Neubauer
Summary: Long COVID, characterized by persistent COVID-19 symptoms beyond 3 months, is expected to significantly affect the lives of millions worldwide. Cardiopulmonary symptoms are common, along with cardiovascular abnormalities such as inflammation, myocardial infarction, and arrhythmias. The pathophysiological mechanisms behind delayed complications are still not well understood, and COVID-19 is anticipated to alter the long-term trajectory of chronic cardiac diseases. Research is ongoing to evaluate treatment strategies for long COVID and its associated cardiovascular sequelae.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Areej Alfaifi, Ahmed S. Sultan, Daniel Montelongo-Jauregui, Timothy F. Meiller, Mary Ann Jabra-Rizk
Summary: Despite various oral conditions observed in COVID-19 patients, the importance of the oral cavity as a site of SARS-CoV-2 infection is often overlooked. This study demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 can replicate in salivary epithelial cells, leading to inflammation and atrophy of salivary glands. Histatin-5, an important component of saliva, is significantly reduced in COVID-19 patients, compromising its antimicrobial activity and potentially leading to oral symptoms such as dysesthesia and dysgeusia. These findings suggest a need for reassessment of the implications of COVID-19 on oral health.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Prawin Kumar, Kana Ram Jat
Summary: COVID-19 may cause post-COVID-19 sequelae in both adults and children, but there is a lack of good data on the prevalence and risk factors for sequelae in children. The current literature suggests that the prevalence of post-COVID sequelae in children varies greatly among studies, with an average of 25%. Common sequelae include mood symptoms, fatigue, cough, dyspnea, and sleep problems. It is challenging to establish a causal association due to the lack of a control group, and it is difficult to differentiate the neuropsychiatric symptoms in children after COVID-19 from the effects of lockdowns and social restrictions. Children with COVID-19 should be monitored by a multidisciplinary team and screened for symptoms, with symptomatic and supportive treatment as the main approach.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Einat Fireman Klein, Karin Yaacoby-Bianu, Ido Orlin, Anna Zetser, Nona Purits, Galit Livnat
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the respiratory, mental, and physical ability of children post COVID-19 infection. The results showed that COVID-19 is an asymptomatic or mild disease in most young healthy children. Children without prolonged respiratory symptoms did not show significant pulmonary sequelae. Larger studies are needed to assess the long-term consequences of COVID-19 in children.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Sanjay Kumar, Alfred Veldhuis, Tina Malhotra
Summary: COVID-19 may have long-term mental health effects on patients, necessitating global recognition and planning to address mental health issues. Research indicates that patients may develop neurological symptoms and the virus could potentially cause damage to the nervous system, leading to long-term neuropsychiatric sequelae.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Shiva Rattan Ambardar, Stephanie L. Hightower, Nikhil A. Huprikar, Kevin K. Chung, Anju Singhal, Jacob F. Collen
Summary: This paper explores the long-term respiratory complications of severe COVID-19 infection, highlighting potential risks and discussing strategies for prevention.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Saurabh Mehandru, Miriam Merad
Summary: This review examines the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of post-COVID-19 syndromes, including persistent inflammation, induced autoimmunity, and putative viral reservoirs. The disease is called 'long-haul COVID' or 'post-COVID-19 syndrome', and clinical symptoms include fatigue, dyspnea, and neuropsychiatric syndromes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yapeng Su, Dan Yuan, Daniel G. Chen, Rachel H. Ng, Kai Wang, Jongchan Choi, Sarah Li, Sunga Hong, Rongyu Zhang, Jingyi Xie, Sergey A. Kornilov, Kelsey Scherler, Ana Jimena Pavlovitch-Bedzyk, Shen Dong, Christopher Lausted, Inyoul Lee, Shannon Fallen, Chengzhen L. Dai, Priyanka Baloni, Brett Smith, Venkata R. Duvvuri, Kristin G. Anderson, Jing Li, Fan Yang, Caroline J. Duncombe, Denise J. McCulloch, Clifford Rostomily, Pamela Troisch, Jing Zhou, Sean Mackay, Quinn DeGottardi, Damon H. May, Ruth Taniguchi, Rachel M. Gittelman, Mark Klinger, Thomas M. Snyder, Ryan Roper, Gladys Wojciechowska, Kim Murray, Rick Edmark, Simon Evans, Lesley Jones, Yong Zhou, Lee Rowen, Rachel Liu, William Chour, Heather A. Algren, William R. Berrington, Julie A. Wallick, Rebecca A. Cochran, Mary E. Micikas, Terri Wrin, Christos J. Petropoulos, Hunter R. Cole, Trevan D. Fischer, Wei Wei, Dave S. B. Hoon, Nathan D. Price, Naeha Subramanian, Joshua A. Hill, Jennifer Hadlock, Andrew T. Magis, Antoni Ribas, Lewis L. Lanier, Scott D. Boyd, Jeffrey A. Bluestone, Helen Chu, Leroy Hood, Raphael Gottardo, Philip D. Greenberg, Mark M. Davis, Jason D. Goldman, James R. Heath
Summary: Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) is an emerging global crisis, and the quantifiable risk factors and biological associations are not well understood. In this study, a deep multi-omic investigation was conducted on 309 COVID-19 patients, and four PASC-anticipating risk factors were identified at the time of initial diagnosis. The study also observed changes in immune states during recovery from COVID-19.
Review
Virology
Mohd Arish, Wei Qian, Harish Narasimhan, Jie Sun
Summary: COVID-19 mainly affects the lungs, but recent reports suggest involvement of other organs. The immune response plays a crucial role in disease management, but dysregulated immunity can lead to immunopathology. Recent research provides important insights into the immunopathology caused by COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jake S. O'Donnell, Keith J. Chappell
Summary: Long-COVID may be caused by chronic SARS-CoV-2 infections, although this has not been fully confirmed. The main proposals focus on virus-induced autoimmunity or virus-induced tissue dysfunction.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ziyad Al-Aly, Yan Xie, Benjamin Bowe
Summary: This study comprehensively describes the post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 using national healthcare databases, finding increased risk of death and use of health resources beyond the first 30 days of illness, as well as incident sequelae in various organ systems, increased use of therapeutic agents, and evidence of laboratory abnormalities. The findings show a risk gradient according to the severity of acute COVID-19 infection and highlight the burden of health loss experienced by patients who survive the acute phase.
Review
Biology
Philipp E. Scherer, John P. Kirwan, Clifford J. Rosen
Summary: Despite efforts to control the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a post-COVID-19 syndrome known as long-COVID or Post-Acute Sequelae of CoV-2 (PASC) has emerged. Fatigue, dyspnea, brain fog, and loss of smell and/or taste are common symptoms of this syndrome, which may be associated with metabolic dysfunction and chronic inflammatory state.
Article
Virology
Priya Duggal, Tristan Penson, Hannah N. Manley, Candelaria Vergara, Rebecca M. Munday, Dylan Duchen, Elizabeth A. Linton, Amber Zurn, Jeanne C. Keruly, Shruti H. Mehta, David L. Thomas
Summary: Understanding and describing the symptoms of COVID-19 patients in community settings months after infection, it was found that nearly one-third of the individuals reported incomplete recovery, and a small percentage reported symptoms severe enough to affect daily activities. Those with post-acute sequelae were more likely to have a history of heart attack. Among those with long-term symptoms, men and women were equally represented, but only women reported symptoms that constrained daily activities, with a majority being caregivers. The types of symptoms varied, with many experiencing a deviation from prior COVID-19 health, such as reduced exercise ability, walking ability, concentration, or breathing.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Filippos Filippatos, Elizabeth-Barbara Tatsi, Athanasios Michos
Summary: This article describes the long-term symptoms per biological system in children, potential risk factors, and the role of the immune system in the presence of post-COVID syndrome (PCS) after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Cristiana Indolfi, Giulio Dinardo, Angela Klain, Alessandra Salvatori, Marica Esposito, Viviana Vela, Fabio Decimo, Giorgio Ciprandi, Michele Miraglia del Giudice
Summary: Allergy to dust mites, especially tropomyosin Der p 10, is increasing in Europe and may correlate with food allergy and anaphylaxis. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of Der p 10 sensitization and assess clinical symptoms and reactions in pediatric patients with atopic disorders. The results showed a significant association between Der p 10 sensitization, asthma, and a history of anaphylaxis after ingesting shellfish.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Cristiana Indolfi, Giulio Dinardo, Angela Klain, Marcella Contieri, Giuseppina Rosaria Umano, Fabio Decimo, Salvatore Abbadessa, Carolina Vitulano, Giorgio Ciprandi, Michele Miraglia del Giudice
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of 8 different molecules of nonspecific LTP over time in an Italian pediatric population. The results showed that about 52% of the test population was sensitized to at least one LTP molecule. Sensitization to LTPs increased over time. The study reveals the trend of LTP allergy in children living in the Mediterranean.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biology
Lucia Liotti, Luca Pecoraro, Carla Mastrorilli, Riccardo Castagnoli, Francesca Saretta, Francesca Mori, Stefania Arasi, Simona Barni, Mattia Giovannini, Lucia Caminiti, Michele Miraglia Del Giudice, Elio Novembre
Summary: Angioedema (AE) is a vascular reaction that affects subcutaneous and submucosal tissues and is often accompanied by wheals. AE without wheals (AEwW) is rare, and distinguishing between mast cell-mediated and bradykinin-mediated or leukotriene-mediated AE is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment. AEwW can be hereditary or acquired, and different clinical features and responses to antihistamines can help determine the cause.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Valeria Luzzi, Maria De Filippo, Rosanna Guarnieri, Miriam Fioravanti, Mariana Guaragna, Beatrice Marasca, Valentina Pirro, Federica Altieri, Iole Vozza, Artnora Ndokaj, Giulia Brindisi, Ersilia Barbato, Antonella Polimeni, Anna Maria Zicari
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of rapid palatal expansion in improving nasal airway patency in pediatric patients with primary snoring. The results showed a statistically significant increase in nasal airway resistance scores and a significant reduction in total inspiratory and expiratory air resistance values after rapid palatal expansion treatment.
MINERVA DENTAL AND ORAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ludovica Cela, Giulia Brindisi, Alessandro Gravina, Francesca Pastore, Antonio Semeraro, Ivana Bringheli, Lavinia Marchetti, Rebecca Morelli, Bianca Cinicola, Martina Capponi, Alessandra Gori, Elia Pignataro, Maria Grazia Piccioni, Anna Maria Zicari, Caterina Anania
Summary: Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is a common food allergy in infancy, affecting around 2% of children under 4 years old. Recent studies suggest that changes in gut microbiota composition and function can contribute to the increasing prevalence of food allergies. Probiotics, by regulating gut microbiota, have shown potential in modulating inflammation and immune responses, benefiting the management of pediatric CMPA. This review highlights the efficacy of probiotics in achieving tolerance and improving symptoms in CMPA patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Santiago Presti, Sara Manti, Francesco Gambilonghi, Giuseppe Fabio Parisi, Maria Papale, Salvatore Leonardi
Summary: This study highlights the increased prevalence of respiratory viruses, including RSV and Rhinovirus, following the easing of non-pharmaceutical interventions. The second season showed higher prevalence compared to the first, with RSV and Rhinovirus being the most common. Interestingly, there was a shift in peak incidence for RSV from February to November. The emergence of Rhinovirus as the most prevalent respiratory virus during certain months suggests competition among viruses and dynamic changes in viral circulation. Overall severity of respiratory infections remained relatively stable between the seasons.
Review
Biology
Simona Barni, Francesca Mori, Mattia Giovannini, Lucia Liotti, Carla Mastrorilli, Luca Pecoraro, Francesca Saretta, Riccardo Castagnoli, Stefania Arasi, Lucia Caminiti, Mariannita Gelsomino, Angela Klain, Michele Miraglia del Giudice, Elio Novembre
Summary: Allergic proctocolitis is a common non-IgE-mediated food allergy in children, characterized by bright red blood in stool. It is mostly caused by cow's milk proteins, but other food allergens can also be potential triggers. Treatment involves elimination diet and the prognosis is usually good, with most children tolerating the trigger food by one year of age.
Review
Biology
Cristiana Indolfi, Elisabetta D'Addio, Chiara Lucia Bencivenga, Giulio Rivetti, Irene Bettini, Amelia Licari, Sara Manti, Francesca Mori, Michele Miraglia del Giudice, Angela Klain
Summary: The review presents evidence suggesting a potential protective effect of early exposure to pets, particularly dogs, in preventing food allergies and reducing the risk of allergy and asthma in children. The likelihood of a child developing allergy and asthma seems to be influenced by various factors, including genetic background and early exposure to environmental factors that may interact with the gut microbiota and immune system.
Article
Pediatrics
Michele Miraglia del Giudice, Angela Klain, Giulio Dinardo, Elisabetta D'Addio, Chiara Lucia Bencivenga, Cristina Fontanella, Fabio Decimo, Giuseppina Rosaria Umano, Margherita Siciliano, Marco Carotenuto, Cristiana Indolfi
Summary: Recent studies show that neuropsychiatric disorders are the most frequent sequelae of COVID-19 in children. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on behavior and sleep in children and adolescents. The results indicate that COVID-19 has significant effects on the sleep and behavior of children.
Article
Pediatrics
Michele Miraglia del Giudice, Giulio Dinardo, Angela Klain, Elisabetta D'Addio, Chiara Lucia Bencivenga, Fabio Decimo, Cristiana Indolfi
Summary: This study investigates anaphylaxis in children with asthma or atopic diseases after consuming tropomyosin-containing food. It found that crustaceans and mollusks are major allergens in Italy and Europe, with significant cases of anaphylaxis observed in pediatric patients who consumed shrimp.
Letter
Pediatrics
Sara Manti, Alessandro Giallongo, Giuseppe Fabio Parisi, Maria Papale, Enza Mule, Donatella Aloisio, Novella Rotolo, Salvatore Leonardi
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Carla Mastrorilli, Stefania Arasi, Simona Barni, Davide Caimmi, Fernanda Chiera, Pasquale Comberiati, Giulio Dinardo, Arianna Giannetti, Marco Gismondi, Serena Gracci, Francesco Paravati, Umberto Pelosi, Michele Miraglia Del Giudice, Roberto Bernardini, Luca Pecoraro
Summary: Fish allergy is one of the nine major triggers of allergic reactions. It affects less than 1% of the global population, but has a higher prevalence in children. Parvalbumin is the primary allergen found in fish muscles, and sensitization usually occurs through ingestion. Diagnosis involves history collection, prick tests, and measurement of serum-specific IgE. Clinical management includes avoidance of triggering species and having an action plan for accidental exposures.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2023)
