Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Lara Caldiroli, Silvia Armelloni, Alessandra Eskander, Piergiorgio Messa, Vittoria Rizzo, Elisabetta Margiotta, Matteo Cesari, Simone Vettoretti
Summary: In a cross-sectional study of 93 patients with chronic kidney disease, it was found that indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCs) were not associated with sarcopenia, although they were linked to certain inflammatory pathways. Particularly, p-cresyl sulfate was positively associated with the Protein Energy Wasting syndrome (PEW).
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chien-Lin Lu, Cai-Mei Zheng, Kuo-Cheng Lu, Min-Tser Liao, Kun-Lin Wu, Ming-Chieh Ma
Summary: The uremic toxin IS leads to oxidative stress in CKD patients, causing organ damage and complications such as cardiovascular diseases, renal osteodystrophy, muscle wasting, and anemia. IS-induced ROS production impairs glomerular filtration and triggers vascular smooth muscle cells transformation, contributing to muscle atrophy and bone abnormalities.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Li-Ting Tsai, Te- Weng, Ting-Yu Chang, Kuo-Cheng Lan, Chih-Kang Chiang, Shing-Hwa Liu
Summary: The accumulation of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a key pathological feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Exposure to IS can induce ferroptosis, characterized by iron accumulation, impaired antioxidant system, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and lipid peroxidation. IS triggers intracellular iron accumulation and ROS generation, leading to the induction of ferroptosis, senescence, ER stress, and injury/fibrosis in CKD kidneys.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jessica Felicio Andrade, Maria Dalboni, Otavio Candido Clemente, Beatriz Moreira Silva, Barbara Formaggio Domingues, Adelson Marcal Rodrigues, Maria Eugenia Canziani, Abolfazl Zarjou, Miguel Cendoroglo, Miguel Angelo Goes
Summary: This study compares the clinical data and serum levels of sFas, EPO, and pro-inflammatory markers between patients with non-dialytic CKD (NDD-CKD) and healthy subjects. It also evaluates the relationship between serum EPO, sFas levels, anemia, and outcomes in NDD-CKD patients over a long follow-up period. The findings suggest that serum sFas levels, along with age and diabetes, are independently associated with kidney anemia for an extended period.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kuo-Chin Hung, Wei-Cheng Yao, Yi-Lien Liu, Hung-Jen Yang, Min-Tser Liao, Keong Chong, Ching-Hsiu Peng, Kuo-Cheng Lu
Summary: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often have a high accumulation of protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs), such as indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (pCS). The buildup of PBUTs inhibits bone and muscle function, worsens muscle wasting, and contributes to low bone turnover disorders. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of bone and muscle loss in CKD can aid in developing new therapies for musculoskeletal diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
George Chang, Hong-Mou Shih, Chi-Feng Pan, Chih-Jen Wu, Cheng-Jui Lin
Summary: Studies have shown that a low-protein diet supplemented with ketoanalogs (KAs) can significantly slow down the progression of renal function in patients with stages 3-5 chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it is unclear how it affects endothelial function and serum levels of protein-bound uremic toxins. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a low-protein diet supplemented with KAs on kidney function, endothelial function, and serum uremic toxin levels in a cohort of CKD patients. The results demonstrated that LPD supplemented with KAs significantly preserved kidney function and improved endothelial function and protein-bound uremic toxins in patients with CKD.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Su Mi Lee, Mi Yeun Han, Su Hyun Kim, Ran Hui Cha, Seock Hui Kang, Jun Chul Kim, Won Suk An
Summary: Serum myostatin and indoxyl sulfate levels are associated with sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease. Higher levels of indoxyl sulfate are associated with sarcopenia, while higher levels of myostatin are associated with muscle mass in patients with CKD.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Carolla El Chamieh, Islam Amine Larabi, Solene M. Laville, Christian Jacquelinet, Christian Combe, Denis Fouque, Maurice Laville, Luc Frimat, Roberto Pecoits-Filho, Celine Lange, Benedicte Stengel, Natalia Alencar De Pinho, Jean-Claude Alvarez, Ziad A. Massy, Sophie Liabeuf
Summary: Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly used in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and are associated with the retention of uremic toxins (UTs). In this cross-sectional study, we found that patients using PPIs had higher levels of certain UTs compared to other patients. These findings are important for understanding factors that modulate serum UT concentration in CKD patients.
Article
Transplantation
Stanislas Bataille, Laetitia Dou, Marc Bartoli, Marion Sallee, Julien Aniort, Borhane Ferkak, Rania Chermiti, Nathalie McKay, Nathalie Da Silva, Stephane Burtey, Stephane Poitevin
Summary: In chronic kidney disease (CKD), the plasma concentrations of myostatin and activin A are increased, possibly due to reduced renal clearance. Furthermore, we observed increased production of activin A in the kidney and heart, which may be related to muscle wasting. Therefore, myostatin and activin A should be added to the list of uremic toxins.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Eya Hamza, Mercedes Vallejo-Mudarra, Hakim Ouled-Haddou, Cristina Garcia-Caballero, Melania Guerrero-Hue, Laure Santier, Sandra Rayego-Mateos, Islam Amine Larabi, Jean -Claude Alvarez, Loic Garcon, Ziad A. Massy, Gabriel Choukroun, Juan Antonio Moreno, Laurent Metzinger, Valerie Metzinger-Le Meuth
Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health condition characterized by a progressive deterioration of kidney function. Uremic toxins, such as Indoxyl Sulfate (IS), are associated with CKD-related complications, including anemia. Our study investigated the impact of IS on erythropoiesis in CKD patients, and found that IS can induce apoptosis and hinder the differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells. Additionally, IS deregulated the expression of erythropoietic-related genes. These findings suggest that IS may contribute to the development of anemia in CKD.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Kullaya Takkavatakarn, Pongpratch Puapatanakul, Jeerath Phannajit, Warumphon Sukkumme, Pajaree Chariyavilaskul, Patita Sitticharoenchai, Asada Leelahavanichkul, Pisut Katavetin, Kearkiat Praditpornsilpa, Somchai Eiam-Ong, Paweena Susantitaphong
Summary: Sevelamer therapy was more effective than calcium carbonate therapy in reducing the protein-bound uremic toxin p-cresyl sulfate. Sevelamer also helped lower fibroblast growth factor 23 and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, showing benefits in terms of retarding CKD progression. No changes in vascular stiffness were found in this study.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mirco Vacca, Giuseppe Celano, Francesco Maria Calabrese, Maria Teresa Rocchetti, Ilaria Iacobellis, Nadia Serale, Maria Calasso, Loreto Gesualdo, Maria De Angelis
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of an innovative synbiotic as an adjuvant therapy for IIIb-IV stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The synbiotic was found to significantly alter the microbiota profile and increase saccharolytic metabolism in feces. These findings suggest a selective effectiveness of the synbiotic for IIIb-IV stage CKD patients, but further validation with a larger patient population is necessary.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shuangdi Duan, Jiayi Pi, Chun-Hsiang Wang, Yi-Chou Hou, Chung-Ying Andy Lee, Cheng-Jui Lin, Liyang Shi, Kung-Chia Young, Hung-Yu Sun
Summary: This study validated the comparable efficacy of the Leadgene ELISA kit to UPLC-MS/MS in quantifying serum IS levels, showing a perfect correlation between the IS levels determined by the two methods in CKD patients.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Li Chen, Junhe Shi, Xiaojuan Ma, Dazhuo Shi, Hua Qu
Summary: Microbiota-driven therapy has a modest effect on circulating IS concentration but can decrease PCS concentration in CKD patients. Prebiotic and synbiotic supplementation can effectively reduce PCS concentration, while probiotic supplementation does not show significant effects.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Anne M. Murray, Yelena Slinin, David E. Tupper, Sarah L. Pederson, Cynthia Davey, David T. Gilbertson, Paul Drawz, Ryan Mello, Allyson Hart, Kirsten L. Johansen, Scott Reule, Rebecca Rossom, David S. Knopman
Summary: In patients with chronic kidney disease, kidney-metabolic factors were associated with cognitive impairment, but these associations lost significance after adjustment for multiple comparisons.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hsuan-An Su, Jung-Fu Chen, Chung-Ming Fu, Yueh-Ting Lee, Yi Wang, Chiang-Chi Huang, Jin-Bor Chen, Chien-Te Lee, Chien-Hsing Wu
Summary: A retrospective analysis of 220 Chinese type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients revealed that renal length decreased with age but increased with body height and weight. However, renal length had limited value in predicting stage 5 chronic kidney disease in this population.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ting-Chun Liu, Chien-Ning Hsu, Wen-Chin Lee, Shih-Wei Wang, Chiang-Chi Huang, Yueh-Ting Lee, Chung-Ming Fu, Jin-Bor Chen, Lung-Chih Li
Summary: Osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease are correlated with increased morbidity and mortality in elderly women. This study compared mortality rate and cardiovascular events between denosumab and raloxifene in osteoporotic women. The results showed that denosumab is superior to raloxifene in lowering risks of all-cause mortality and certain ischemic strokes.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Weiyu Chen, Sergey Tumanov, Christopher P. Stanley, Stephanie M. Y. Kong, James Nadel, Niv Vigder, Darren L. Newington, Xiao Suo Wang, Louise L. Dunn, Roland Stocker
Summary: This study shows that deficiency of bilirubin is associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. In the experiments, mice deficient in bilirubin showed higher burden of atherosclerotic plaques, increased systemic oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and hyperlipidemia. Furthermore, the study found that bilirubin deficiency selectively enhanced neutrophil-mediated inflammation and destabilization of unstable plaques.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biology
Cheng-Hong Yang, Wen -Ching Chen, Jin-Bor Chen, Hsiu-Chen Huang, Li-Yeh Chuang
Summary: This study proposed an advanced analytic approach, called Fuzzy-based RNNCoxPH, for detecting missense variants associated with high-risk of all-cause mortality in rectum adenocarcinoma. The Fuzzy-based RNNCoxPH model exhibits higher efficacy in identifying and classifying the missense variants related to mortality risk in rectum adenocarcinoma compared to other test methods.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shih-Chung Huang, Chao-Cheng Huang, Chou-Yuan Ko, Cheng-Yi Huang, Ching-Han Liu, Yung-Kuo Lee, Tung-Yuan Chen, Chao-Wen Hsueh, Shiow-Jyu Tzou, Ming-Hong Tai, Tsung-Hui Hu, Ming-Chao Tsai, Wen-Chin Lee, Yu-Cheng Ho, Cheng-Chun Wu, Yi-Chen Chang, Jung-Jui Chang, Kai-Hsi Liu, Chiao-Ching Li, Zhi-Hong Wen, Chen -Lin Chang, Tian-Huei Chu
Summary: TNNT1, which is upregulated in colon and breast cancers, is also found to be upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study investigates the expression and biological functions of TNNT1 in HCC, and finds that TNNT1 overexpression is associated with advanced stage, high grade, metastasis, vascular invasion, recurrence, and poor survival outcome in HCC patients. TNNT1 is also involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) processes in HCC, and its neutralization suppresses oncogenic behaviors and EMT in hepatoma cells. Therefore, TNNT1 may serve as a non-invasive biomarker and drug target for HCC management, providing new insight for HCC diagnosis and treatment.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Manuel Gonzalez-Cuesta, Alan Chuan-Ying Lai, Po-Yu Chi, I-Ling Hsu, Nien-Tzu Liu, Ko-Chien Wu, Jose M. Garcia Fernandez, Ya-Jen Chang, Carmen Ortiz Mellet
Summary: Replacement of the sugar fragment with an sp(2)-iminosugar moiety in a TLR4 agonist yields iminoglycolipid analogues that retain or improve their biological activity in vitro and in vivo. These analogues have adjuvant potential by inducing proinflammatory cytokines secretion, promoting dendritic cells maturation, and CD8(+) T cells proliferation, with a Th1-biased profile. They also show therapeutic potential for the treatment of Th2-dominated inflammatory diseases such as asthma.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ching-Hui Tsai, Alan Chuan-Ying Lai, Yu-Cheng Lin, Po-Yu Chi, Yun-Chi Chen, Yao-Hsu Yang, Chien-Han Chen, Sheng-Yeh Shen, Tsong-Lon Hwang, Ming-Wei Su, I-Ling Hsu, Yu-Chi Huang, Anke H. Maitland-van der Zee, Michael J. McGeachie, Kelan G. Tantisira, Ya-Jen Chang, Yungling L. Lee
Summary: The association between neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and response to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in asthma was investigated. It was found that neutrophils play a potential role in uncontrolled asthma, and NET abundance is associated with nonresponse to ICS. Furthermore, CCL4L2 was identified as a potential therapeutic target for individuals with asthma refractory to ICS.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Po-Chun Chen, Chiang-Chi Huang, Chung-Ming Fu, Yi-Chin Chang, Po-Jung Wu, Wen-Chin Lee, Chien-Te Lee, Kai-Fan Tsai
Summary: The study investigates the effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine boosters in hemodialysis patients receiving oral antiviral agents. The analysis demonstrates that vaccine boosters significantly decrease the risk of composite events in these patients, regardless of booster vaccine types.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Po-Yen Kuo, Kai-Fan Tsai, Po-Jung Wu, Pai-Chin Hsu, Chien-Hsing Wu, Wen-Chin Lee, Hsiu-Yu Fang, Chih-Yuan Fang, Sheng-Ying Chung, Yung-Lung Chen, Terry Ting-Yu Chiou
Summary: Patients undergoing cardiac catheterization have a high risk of developing acute kidney injury (AKI) and subsequent acute kidney disease (AKD). This study aimed to evaluate the association between AKD and urinary renal biomarkers in this population. Serial measurements of urinary renal biomarkers were obtained from 94 patients during different post-procedure periods. Results showed that 42.55% of the patients developed AKD during the late post-procedure period. Early changes in urinary interleukin-18 and gelsolin levels were independently associated with subsequent AKD.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chi-Ang Liang, Shu-Sen Chang, Hsien-Yi Chen, Kai-Fan Tsai, Wen-Chin Lee, I-Kuan Wang, Chao-Yu Chen, Shou-Hsuan Liu, Cheng-Hao Weng, Wen-Hung Huang, Ching-Wei Hsu, Tzung-Hai Yen
Summary: Limited literature has analyzed the outcome of human poisoning with methomyl and cypermethrin pesticide mixture. A study conducted at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital from 2002 to 2018 found that patients with methomyl and cypermethrin poisoning had higher rates of acute respiratory failure, aspiration pneumonia, acute kidney injury, and multiple organ failure compared to other groups. Further research is needed to better understand the toxicity of methomyl and cypermethrin pesticide mixture poisoning.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Heng-Yi Chiang, Lung-Chih Li, Chien-Ning Hsu, Chih-Che Lin, Yi-Chia Chan, Chih-Chi Wang, Chao-Long Chen
Summary: This study compared adverse kidney outcomes between liver transplant patients treated with a reduced dose of tacrolimus plus sirolimus or mycophenolate mofetil. The results showed that sirolimus use was associated with a higher risk of estimated glomerular filtration rate decline compared to mycophenolate mofetil. Close monitoring of kidney function, dose adjustment, and timely transition to mycophenolate mofetil are necessary for liver transplant patients receiving sirolimus.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christina Li-Ping Thio, Ya-Jen Chang
Summary: A dysregulated type 2 immune response is a key factor in the development of allergic asthma. In addition to Th2 cells, group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) also play a role in the pathogenesis of this chronic disease. ILC2s not only contribute to the initiation of airway inflammation, but also interact with other immune cells to amplify the inflammatory response. Their ability to produce different types of cytokines further highlights their potential contribution to nonallergic, neutrophilic asthma.
EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
