Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Brittany L. Moyce Gruber, Laura K. Cole, Bo Xiang, Mario A. Fonseca, Julianne Klein, Grant M. Hatch, Christine A. Doucette, Vernon W. Dolinsky
Summary: Adiponectin deficiency contributes to the development of fatty liver during pregnancy and is associated with GDM. Adiponectin knockout mice developed hepatic steatosis and exhibited glucose and pyruvate intolerance during pregnancy.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Soumyalekshmi Nair, Dominic Guanzon, Nanthini Jayabalan, Andrew Lai, Katherin Scholz-Romero, Priyakshi Kalita de Croft, Valeska Ormazabal, Carlos Palma, Emilio Diaz, Elizabeth A. McCarthy, Alexis Shub, Jezid Miranda, Eduard Gratacos, Fatima Crispi, Gregory Duncombe, Martha Lappas, H. David McIntyre, Gregory Rice, Carlos Salomon
Summary: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses a significant public health concern, affecting 9-15% of pregnancies worldwide. This study found that EV-associated miRNAs in GDM patients undergo significant changes during gestation and can be effectively used for classification. A set of proteins associated with JAK-STAT signaling in skeletal muscle biopsies from GDM patients was identified, which may be targeted by the miRNA-92a-3p carried by circulating EVs. Overexpression of miRNA-92a-3p was shown to increase insulin sensitivity in primary skeletal muscle cells.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Weiming Wang, Na Li, Xiaoyi Wang, Xu Zhang, Menghan Tu, Lixia Lin, Qian Li, Huaqi Zhang, Jin Liu, Xuefeng Yang, Liping Hao, Nianhong Yang
Summary: This study investigated the association between remnant cholesterol (RC) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk. The results showed that elevated RC levels were associated with an increased risk of GDM, independent of traditional risk factors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Pilar Casanova, Daniel Monleon
Summary: Selenium is an essential trace mineral that plays a physiological role through selenoproteins. Selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase and selenoprotein P, the endogenous antioxidant and selenium transporter in blood, respectively, appear to be crucial in type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance by impairing insulin signaling through various mechanisms. Recent studies suggest that selenoproteins also impact insulin biosynthesis and secretion. This review discusses the significance of selenium in type 2 diabetes and the intricate interplay between selenoproteins and insulin pathways.
WORLD JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Gorini, Cristina Vassalle
Summary: Type 2 diabetes is a major global public-health concern, affecting over 400 million people worldwide. Selenium has recently been identified as a determinant of T2D pathogenesis and progression, playing a crucial role in antioxidant response, thyroid hormone regulation, and glucose metabolism.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria B. Nielsen, Yunus Colak, Marianne Benn, Borge G. Nordestgaard
Summary: The study found that low plasma adiponectin is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, and this association may be causal. Observational analysis and genetic Mendelian randomization were used to confirm the relationship between plasma adiponectin levels and type 2 diabetes risk.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lixia Shen, Dongyu Wang, Yihong Huang, Lisha Ye, Caixia Zhu, Shaofeng Zhang, Shiqin Cai, Zilian Wang, Haitian Chen
Summary: This study investigated the correlation between lipid profiles and insulin indices as well as the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women. The results showed that triglycerides (TG) were consistently correlated with insulin indices and glucose metabolism indices. Persistently high TG levels were independent risk factors for persistent insulin resistance (IR) and second-trimester IR alone. Lowering TG levels in early and middle pregnancy could help reduce the risk of developing IR.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biology
Brittany L. Moyce L. Gruber, Vernon W. W. Dolinsky
Summary: Pregnancy involves metabolic adaptations for fetal growth, with GDM being a recognized risk factor for complications and cardiometabolic disease. Adiponectin, an adipose-tissue-derived hormone, plays a role in energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Low adiponectin levels are associated with GDM.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Guoying Wang, Jessie P. Buckley, Tami R. Bartell, Xiumei Hong, Colleen Pearson, Xiaobin Wang
Summary: The study aimed to identify a lipidomic signature associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the postpartum period and investigate its role in the progression to type 2 diabetes (T2D). A cohort of 1,409 women who delivered a singleton baby was followed up prospectively, and their lipidome was analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. 33 postpartum lipid species were identified to be associated with GDM, and 4 of them were also associated with incident T2D, mediating the progression from GDM to T2D. Including these lipid species improved the prediction of T2D when considering the entire follow-up period.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Barbara R. Cardoso, Sabine Braat, Ross M. Graham
Summary: The study investigated the association between blood selenium concentration and glucose markers in the representative sample of the US population, finding a positive correlation between selenium and insulin, as well as HOMA-IR. While the associations with insulin and HOMA-IR remained after further adjustments, the correlation with glucose was no longer significant.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jeongmin Lee, Min-Hee Kim, Jung-Min Lee, Sang-Ah Chang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of pitavastatin therapy on serum adiponectin levels and high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes, as well as their correlation with insulin sensitivity. The results showed that pitavastatin therapy did not significantly change serum adiponectin or HMW adiponectin levels, and it did not affect insulin sensitivity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qi Guo, Shicheng Cao, Xiaohong Wang
Summary: Exercise can improve the pathogenic changes in adiponectin and betatrophin levels in insulin-resistant mice. This effect is achieved by increasing adiponectin levels and reducing betatrophin levels through exercise.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Clive J. Petry
Summary: Iron supplementation in pregnancy may increase the risk of gestational diabetes, particularly in women who are already iron-replete. However, current evidence on this topic is contradictory, and the magnitude of any increased risk appears relatively small, urging caution in interpreting the results.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ido Feferkorn, Ahmad Badeghiesh, Haitham Baghlaf, Michael H. Dahan
Summary: The research suggests that smoking is associated with an increased risk for gestational diabetes (GDM), with smokers having a higher likelihood of developing GDM.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ibrahim Bekir Boz, Semra Ayturk Salt, Omer Salt, Niyazi Cenk Sayin, Ilker Dibirdik
Summary: This study found that serum asprosin levels can potentially be used as a marker in the diagnosis of GDM, and provided support through the investigation of related parameters.
DIABETES METABOLIC SYNDROME AND OBESITY
(2023)
Letter
Nutrition & Dietetics
Philip C. Calder, Margaret P. Rayman
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Oliver C. Witard, Sarah C. Bath, Mariana Dineva, Laury Sellem, Ana-Isabel Mulet-Cabero, Laura H. van Dongen, Ju-Sheng Zheng, Carina Valenzuela, Benoit Smeuninx
Summary: This narrative review provides an overview of key concepts in dairy nutrition for supporting human health throughout the life course, highlighting the nutritional roles of iodine and dairy protein at different stages of life. It also introduces new methodologies for identifying biomarkers of dairy intake and explores the role of the food matrix in dairy nutrition.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mariana Dineva, Amanda Hall, Muqiu Tan, Anna Blaskova, Sarah C. Bath
Summary: Iodine deficiency can cause deafness, but the effects of suboptimal iodine intake during auditory development in children are unclear. Existing studies suggest that children with better iodine status have better hearing, but the evidence is limited and further high-quality research is needed.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Katie Nicol, Eva-Leanne Thomas, Anne P. Nugent, Jayne Woodside, Kathryn H. Hart, Sarah C. Bath
Summary: This study found that the majority of plant-based alternatives in the UK are not fortified with iodine, which puts consumers at risk of iodine deficiency.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Andrea Cannas, Margaret P. Rayman, Ourania Kolokotroni, Sarah C. Bath
Summary: Pregnant women in Cyprus have inadequate iodine status and are at risk of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency. Egg intake is significantly associated with a higher iodine-to-creatinine ratio.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Holger Steinbrenner, Leonidas H. H. Duntas, Margaret P. P. Rayman
Summary: This review discusses the role of selenium in T2DM and its metabolic co-morbidities, emphasizing the relevance of inflammation and oxidative stress. It describes the epidemiology of selenium studies in diabetes and explains the interaction between selenium status and glucose control. According to current research, dietary selenium supplementation does not appear to be a major causal factor for the development of T2DM.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Lumin Yang, Lijie Jia, Xiuli Li, Ke Zhang, Xiaoxiao Wang, Yufeng He, Meng Hao, Margaret P. Rayman, Jinsong Zhang
Summary: This study compared the prooxidant activities of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) in in vitro models and in mice. The results showed that EGCG exhibited powerful prooxidant effects, while CGA had none. CGA could scavenge the hydroxyl radicals generated by EGCG, leading to lower hepatotoxicity. Furthermore, low-dose EGCG and CGA synergistically activated hepatic AMPK and increased hepatic Nrf2-associated proteins without causing toxicity in mice.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jinsong Zhang, Ethan Will Taylor, Kate Bennett, Margaret P. Rayman
Summary: The distribution of environmental selenium (Se) in the US is uneven, but US residents have a narrow range of serum Se concentrations, possibly due to the modern food-distribution system. Se concentration in alfalfa leaves is used as an indicator for regional Se exposure. Se can be transformed into volatile dimethyldiselenide, which can be inhaled and excreted via the lung. Pulmonary Se exposure may be different in states with varying atmospheric Se levels. A higher death rate from COVID-19 was observed in low-Se states compared to medium-Se or high-Se states, possibly due to the role of atmospheric dimethyldiselenide in reducing the severity of COVID-19.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sarah C. Bath, Janneke Verkaik-Kloosterman, Magalie Sabatier, Sovianne Ter Borg, Ans Eilander, Katja Hora, Burcu Aksoy, Nevena Hristozova, Lilou van Lieshout, Halit Tanju Besler, John H. Lazarus
Summary: There is a lack of iodine intake data in European countries, with only 38% of national surveys providing such information. Data from national surveys shows that iodine intake is below recommendations for many age groups, especially children and pregnant women.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Caitlyn Nguyen-Ngo, Anthony V. Perkins, Martha Lappas
Summary: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and maternal obesity have long-term detrimental impacts on the health of both mother and offspring. Increased inflammation and oxidative stress play key roles in the pathophysiology of these metabolic conditions. This study found that selenium supplementation may prevent inflammation and oxidative stress associated with GDM and maternal obesity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Margaret P. Rayman, Ethan Will Taylor, Jinsong Zhang
Summary: This review discusses the relevance of selenium (Se) to viral diseases, particularly SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Selenium, as the active center in selenoproteins, has a history of reducing viral infection incidence and severity. Clinical benefits of Se supplementation have been observed in HIV-1, hepatitis B-related liver cancer, and Chinese patients with hantavirus. The study found a significant association between COVID-19 cure rate and selenium status in Chinese cities, suggesting an additional mechanism. SARS-CoV-2 may interfere with the human selenoprotein system, and selenoproteins have important roles in scavenging reactive oxygen species and controlling immunity.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mariana Dineva, Margaret P. Rayman, Deborah Levie, Sandra Hunziker, Monica Guxens, Robin P. Peeters, Mario Murcia, Marisa Rebagliato, Amaia Irizar, Alba Jimeno-Romero, Jordi Sunyer, Tim I. M. Korevaar, Sarah C. Bath
Summary: This study investigated the determinants of serum thyroglobulin (Tg) in pregnancy and its use as a biomarker of iodine status. The results showed a negative association between serum Tg and iodine status, with maternal socio-demographics and diet also influencing its levels.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Katie Nicol, Anne P. Nugent, Jayne V. Woodside, Kathryn H. Hart, Sarah C. Bath
Summary: An increasing number of food-based recommendations promote a plant-based diet, but there is ongoing debate about iodine intake and whether a vegan diet can meet iodine requirements. This review evaluates literature and calculates iodine intake, finding that strict plant-based diets may not provide enough iodine and reliance on supplements is necessary. Countries without fortification programs and where animal products are the main source of iodine intake, such as the UK and Norway, may face risks of iodine deficiency with plant-based dietary recommendations.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)