Journal
PERSPECTIVES IN ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
Volume 19, Issue 3, Pages 233-255Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2021.06.005
Keywords
Fire ecology; Fire-dependent ecosystems; Fire-sensitive ecosystems; Fire management; Fire research gaps; Wildfires
Categories
Funding
- CNPq [303970/2018-9, 441984/2018-5, 441948/2018-9, 150510/2021-7, 310345/2018-9, 308778/2017-0, 441961/2018-5, 442348/2019-3]
- Neotropical Grassland Conservancy
- FAPESP [2014/50848-9]
- CAPES [88887.136402/2017-00]
- EMBRAPA/FUNDECT [42.16.00.006.00.05.001]
- Fundacao Boticario
- CNPq (National Institute of Science and Technologyfor Climate Change Phase 2) [465501/2014-1]
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The unprecedented wildfires in Brazil have caused immense damages and shocked the world. Understanding the causes and consequences is crucial for developing successful management strategies. Historical perceptions and policies related to fire use and management in Brazil also need to be examined. Our review aims to provide valuable insights for academics, environmental managers, and decision-and policy-makers to address the increasing fire outbreaks in Brazilian biomes.
Brazil has experienced unprecedented wildfires in the last decade. Images of immense burnt areas or dead animals that failed to escape the 2020 wildfires have shocked the world. To prevent or minimize further similar disasters we must understand the factors that have led to these catastrophic events. The causes and consequences of wildfires entail complex interactions between the biophysical and sociocultural spheres, and suitable management decisions require a sound scientific base. We present the recent panorama of increasing fire outbreaks in the Brazilian biomes, and discuss the causes that have contributed to such fires, their impacts on the environment and overall consequences for human well-being, based on reviewing the extensive specialist literature, on authors' expert knowledge and information provided by environmental managers, researchers and politicians during a workshop organized to debate the wildfire issue in Brazil. Our up-to-date review is aimed at the academic public, environmental managers and decision-and policy-makers. First, we present evidence on the contrasting effects of fire on different ecosystems. Second, we outline the historic perceptions and policies related to fire use and management in Brazil since its colonization to the present date. Third, we propose means to advance fire prevention and develop successful management strategies. Finally, we answer frequently asked questions to clarify and/or demystify some fire-related issues not always properly addressed in the media.
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