Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexandra E. Perlegos, Emily J. Shields, Hui Shen, Kathy Fange Liu, Nancy M. Bonini
Summary: This study investigates the impact of m(6)A RNA methylation in the adult Drosophila brain under stress. The findings suggest that m(6)A modification dampens the brain's biological response to stress and plays a role in regulating neuronal processes and signaling pathways.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Trevor Poitras, Douglas W. Zochodne
Summary: Common mechanisms of peripheral axon regeneration are recruited following diverse forms of damage to peripheral nerve axons. Supporting peripheral axon regrowth could be achieved through direct axon support or manipulation of the inflammatory milieu. Understanding the molecular barriers to regrowth and exploiting the downstream signaling pathways that impact neuron growth are promising approaches for promoting adult peripheral axon regeneration. This review emphasizes intrinsic aspects of adult peripheral axon regeneration and highlights several molecular barriers to regrowth.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dong Keon Yon, Yong Jun Kim, Dong Choon Park, Su Young Jung, Sung Soo Kim, Joon Hyung Yeo, Jeongmin Lee, Jae Min Lee, Seung Geun Yeo
Summary: A literature review on the role of autophagy in peripheral nerve injury and regeneration was conducted. The review identified several factors, such as LC3II/I, PI3K, mTOR, Beclin-1, ATG3, ATG5, ATG7, ATG9, and ATG12, that are involved in the process of nerve degeneration and regeneration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
P. Komirishetty, K. Zubkow, A. Areti, H. Ong, D. W. Zochodne
Summary: The study found that local delivery of Rb1 siRNA can promote nerve regeneration at the outset, enhancing reinnervation of epidermal axons. Combining intrinsic Rb1 knockdown with exogenous insulin can significantly improve growth patterns of adult sensory neurons in vitro and enhance regeneration outcomes in vivo. Overall, the findings highlight the responsiveness of regrowing peripheral neurons to both intrinsic and exogenous approaches that improve their recovery, as well as a novel local approach to manipulate gene expression and outcome in regrowing axons.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ming Liu, Pei Li, Yuanyuan Jia, Qingjun Cui, Kexin Zhang, Jingjing Jiang
Summary: Peripheral nerve injury can cause disability and neuropathic pain, resulting in a significant economic burden. The ability of the peripheral nervous system to regenerate after injury is influenced by the expression of non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs. This article reviews the cellular and molecular mechanisms of axon regeneration after peripheral nerve injury and discusses the roles and functions of these non-coding RNAs in nerve repair.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Arthur W. English, Ken Berglund, Dario Carrasco, Katharina Goebel, Robert E. Gross, Robin Isaacson, Olivia C. Mistretta, Carly Wynans
Summary: Functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury is challenging due to slow and incomplete axon regeneration. Bioluminescent optogenetics, utilizing fusion proteins of luciferase and light-sensing ion channels, shows promise in enhancing axon regeneration by increasing neuronal excitability. Experimental studies in transgenic mice and viral vector-transduced mice demonstrate enhanced motor axon regeneration and successful muscle reinnervation after treatment with bioluminescent optogenetics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Ecanow, Ken Berglund, Dario Carrasco, Robin Isaacson, Arthur W. English
Summary: The use of BL-OG as a treatment for peripheral nerve injuries shows significant potential in enhancing axon regeneration and promoting functional recovery.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yaxian Wang, Fuchao Zhang, Yunsong Zhang, Qi Shan, Wei Liu, Fengyuan Zhang, Feiyu Zhang, Sheng Yi
Summary: Research findings indicate that Btc plays essential roles in regulating Schwann cell migration and axon elongation, suggesting the potential application of Btc as a regenerative strategy for treating peripheral nerve injury.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yunsong Zhang, Qian Zhao, Qianqian Chen, Lingchi Xu, Sheng Yi
Summary: Transcription factors play important roles in nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve injury, including regulating axon elongation and Schwann cell phenotype modulation. Understanding these transcription factors can help promote functional recovery of injured peripheral nerves.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Oshri Avraham, Rui Feng, Eric Edward Ewan, Justin Rustenhoven, Guoyan Zhao, Valeria Cavalli
Summary: Peripheral nerve injuries lead to the appearance of a distinct subset of satellite glial cells in DRG and activation of the PPAR alpha signaling pathway, promoting axon regeneration. Central axon injuries do not trigger the same response, highlighting the potential for manipulating non-neuronal cells to promote functional recovery after CNS injuries or disease.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xuechai Chen, Jianan Wang, Muhammad Tahir, Fangfang Zhang, Yuanyuan Ran, Zongjian Liu, Juan Wang
Summary: This passage discusses the crucial roles of m6A modification and autophagy in cellular function and disease development, emphasizing their interplay and potential impact on various human diseases.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Chunyi Jiang, Yan Lu, Ran Zhu, Ying Zong, Yuchen Huang, Dong Wang, Zhanyun Da, Bin Yu, Longxiang Shen, Qianqian Cao
Summary: Key metabolic enzymes regulate glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism for cellular energy needs and also play a role in nonmetabolic signaling pathways. The role of glycometabolism in peripheral nerve axon regeneration is not well understood. This study found that the up-regulation of Pyruvate dehydrogenase beta subunit (Pdhb), a key enzyme, at the early stage of peripheral nerve injury promotes axon regeneration. Pdhb relies on lactate for energy supply and affects gene expression through histone acetylation, thereby enhancing axon regeneration.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Supriya S. Wariyar, Alden D. Brown, Tina Tian, Tana S. Pottorf, Patricia J. Ward
Summary: This study investigates the impact of using fibrin glue in nerve repair on exercise-induced nerve regeneration. Results show that nerves repaired with fibrin glue exhibit more vasculature in the tissue bridge and have more robust axon regeneration after exercise compared to nerves without fibrin glue repair. When angiogenesis in the tissue bridge is prevented, exercise is unable to enhance regeneration, indicating the importance of a vascularized bridge. The combination of fibrin glue repair and exercise significantly improves vascular growth, axon elongation, neuromuscular junction reinnervation, and functional recovery.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Hong-Jun Cao, Li Huang, Meng-Ru Zheng, Tao Zhang, Ling-Chi Xu
Summary: This study comprehensively investigates the expression of circular RNAs in rat DRGs following injuries to the central and peripheral axon branches and identifies a total of 33 differentially expressed circular RNAs after central branch injury and 55 differentially expressed circular RNAs after peripheral branch injury. The functional enrichment analysis of host genes of differentially expressed circular RNAs reveals the involvement of the Hippo signaling pathway and Notch signaling pathway after both central and peripheral axon injuries.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Qing Min, David B. Parkinson, Xin-Peng Dun
Summary: Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system have the ability to promote repair of various tissues, including nerve gaps, skin wounds, digit tips, and tooth regeneration. They are highly motile, secrete signaling molecules, attract macrophages, support neuronal survival, promote axonal regrowth, and interact with other cell types in the regeneration process. The migration of Schwann cells is essential for successful tissue repair, especially in cases of peripheral nerve transection injuries where the cells form cords to guide axon regeneration. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of Schwann cell migration may lead to new therapeutic strategies for peripheral nerve repair.