Article
Microbiology
Austin Campbell, Kristi Gdanetz, Alexander W. W. Schmidt, Thomas M. M. Schmidt
Summary: Hydrogen gas (H-2) produced during carbohydrate fermentation in the human gut microbiome can modulate fermentation and may differentiate individual microbiomes and metabolites. High concentrations of H-2 stimulate the production of anti-inflammatory butyrate, while gut methanogenesis decreases butyrate production and impacts the competitive fitness of butyrate producers.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sotaro Ozaka, Akira Sonoda, Shimpei Ariki, Mizuki Minata, Naganori Kamiyama, Shinya Hidano, Nozomi Sachi, Kanako Ito, Yoko Kudo, Astri Dewayani, Thanyakorn Chalalai, Takashi Ozaki, Yasuhiro Soga, Chiaki Fukuda, Kazuhiro Mizukami, Shiori Ishizawa, Mitsue Nishiyama, Naoki Fujitsuka, Sachiko Mogami, Kunitsugu Kubota, Kazunari Murakami, Takashi Kobayashi
Summary: Antibiotics disrupt the gut microbiota, leading to a reduction in intestinal barrier function and the development or exacerbation of gastrointestinal diseases. The traditional Japanese herbal medicine, Saireito, has shown efficacy in treating autoimmune disorders, including ulcerative colitis. This study demonstrated that Saireito improved leaky gut caused by antibiotic-induced dysbiosis, preserved the integrity of the intestinal barrier, and restored microbial diversity.
Article
Microbiology
Ceylan Tanes, Kyle Bittinger, Yuan Gao, Elliot S. Friedman, Lisa Nessel, Unmesha Roy Paladhi, Lillian Chau, Erika Panfen, Michael A. Fischbach, Jonathan Braun, Ramnik J. Xavier, Clary B. Clish, Hongzhe Li, Frederic D. Bushman, James D. Lewis, Gary D. Wu
Summary: The study found that omnivore and vegan diets altered fecal amino acid levels, while a synthetic enteral nutrition lacking fiber did not have this effect. The impact on the plasma metabolome was modest, but the diets influenced broad classes of metabolites that may modify health by affecting the human microbiome.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Qinnan Yang, Mallory Van Haute, Nate Korth, Scott Sattler, Devin Rose, Anthony Juritsch, Jing Shao, Kristin Beede, Robert Schmaltz, Jeff Price, John Toy, Amanda E. E. Ramer-Tait, Andrew K. K. Benson
Summary: Waxy starches from cereal grains, which contain a high proportion of amylopectin, have unique properties and are widely used in food processing. However, our study shows that fermentations of waxy grains lead to a loss of beneficial effects on the human gut microbiome, which can be restored by the addition of resistant starch. In addition, feeding mice with waxy grains resulted in significant differences in gut microbiome composition and increased weight gain.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jin Ye, Renjie Shi, Hua Fan, Danna Wang, Chunxia Xiao, Tianyingzi Yang, Peng Ye, Bing Xia, Beita Zhao, Yutang Wang, Xuebo Liu
Summary: Stevioside has a beneficial effect on postpartum cognitive and mood disorders induced by prenatal obesity. It improves behavioral performance, inhibits neuronal damage and abnormality in 5-hydroxytryptamine levels induced by a high-fat diet. Additionally, stevioside reduces oxidative stress, improves gut barrier integrity, and alleviates neuroinflammation. These outcomes are associated with the restoration of intestinal barrier integrity and reduction of lipopolysaccharide extravasation.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Peter DeMartino, Emily A. Johnston, Kristina S. Petersen, Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Darrell W. Cockburn
Summary: The composition of gut microbiota along with short-chain fatty acids in feces are linked to cardiometabolic health and risk of diseases. Intake of dietary fibers, including resistant starch, has been shown to have positive effects on the gut microbiome.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sini Kang, Hyun Ju You, Ying Ju, Hee Jung Kim, Yun Ju Jeong, Tony V. Johnston, Geun Eog Ji, Seockmo Ku, Myeong Soo Park
Summary: B-FOS treatment increased the production of butyrate and protected butyrate-producing bacteria in healthy mice, while effectively ameliorating colitis symptoms induced by DSS in mouse models by maintaining the epithelial barrier and reducing inflammation-related cytokines.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julia I. P. van Heck, Ranko Gacesa, Rinke Stienstra, Jingyuan Fu, Alexandra Zhernakova, Hermie J. M. Harmsen, Rinse K. Weersma, Leo A. B. Joosten, Cees J. Tack
Summary: The gut microbiome in patients with type 1 diabetes is altered and associated with glycemic control and diabetes-related complications. Factors such as HbA(1c) and disease duration play a significant role in the variation of the gut microbiome, while micro- and macrovascular complications also contribute to this variation.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Emeran A. Mayer, Karina Nance, Shelley Chen
Summary: Preclinical evidence has shown bidirectional interactions among the brain, gut, and gut microbiome, with candidate signaling molecules and three communication channels. Alterations in gut-brain-microbiome interactions have been found in various disorders, but the causative role of the microbiome in irritable bowel syndrome is still unclear. Current therapies are limited to dietary interventions and targeted pharmacological and behavioral approaches. Further research and randomized controlled trials are needed for effective therapies.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marietta von Suesskind-Schwendi, Andreas Doetsch, Vivien Haberland, Paola Ferrario, Ralf Krueger, Sandrine Louis, Maik Doering, Daniela Graf
Summary: The addition of soluble fibers in purified diets has a significant impact on gut morphology and the development of the gut microbiome.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Magdalena K. Stoeva, Jeewon Garcia-So, Nicholas Justice, Julia Myers, Surabhi Tyagi, Madeleine Nemchek, Paul J. McMurdie, Orville Kolterman, John Eid
Summary: Clostridium butyricum has been investigated as a probiotic for various human diseases with well-established safety. Its health benefits are mediated through molecular and immune signals that affect multiple organ systems.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura Schaefer, Humberto Hernandez, Rosalind A. Coats, Zhiyuan Yu, Stephen C. Pflugfelder, Robert A. Britton, Cintia de Paiva
Summary: Dry eye is a common ocular inflammatory disorder characterized by tear film instability and reduced tear production. The interaction between the intestinal microbiota and the ocular surface, mediated by microbially produced small molecules such as butyrate, plays a potential role in maintaining ocular surface homeostasis. In this study, it was found that the SCFA transporter SLC5A8 is expressed in murine conjunctival and corneal epithelium, and pretreatment with phenylbutyrate (PBA) reduced inflammation in corneal epithelial cultures and dendritic cells. The protective effect of PBA requires SLC5A8. Oral treatment with tributyrin, a prodrug form of butyrate, reduced inflammation at the ocular surface in mice undergoing desiccating stress, partially through the involvement of SLC5A8.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Caijun Zhao, Lijuan Bao, Min Qiu, Keyi Wu, Yihong Zhao, Lianjun Feng, Kaihe Xiang, Naisheng Zhang, Xiaoyu Hu
Summary: This study found that cows with mastitis had significant gut dysbiosis, characterized by enrichment of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria and depletion of commensal bacteria. Fecal microbiota transplantation from cows with mastitis to mice induced mastitis and altered gut and mammary microbiota in mice. The commensal bacteria improved mastitis symptoms by producing butyrate, limiting bacterial translocation.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Pajau Vangay, Tonya Ward, Sarah Lucas, Lalit K. Beura, Dominique Sabas, Max Abramson, Lisa Till, Susan L. Hoops, Purna Kashyap, Ryan C. Hunter, David Masopust, Dan Knights
Summary: In this study, the differential effects of human gut microbiota from the United States and rural Thailand on the murine gut mucosa and immune system were assessed. The results suggest that Western-associated human gut microbes contribute to a pro-inflammatory immune response.
Review
Microbiology
Vineet Singh, GyuDae Lee, HyunWoo Son, Hong Koh, Eun Soo Kim, Tatsuya Unno, Jae-Ho Shin
Summary: Gut-microbial butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid, has significant physiological importance. Butyrate producers, belonging to the Clostridium cluster, metabolize carbohydrates to produce butyrate. They play a vital role in various gut-associated metabolisms.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pei-Jun Tian, Bao-Long Li, Yu-Juan Shan, Jin-Na Zhang, Jing-Yu Chen, Min Yu, Lan-Wei Zhang
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2015)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lei Huang, Yu-Juan Shan, Can-Xia He, Ming-Hua Ren, Pei-Jun Tian, Wei Song
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2016)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Kai-Kai Li, Pei-Jun Tian, Shao-Dong Wang, Peng Lei, Ling Qu, Jia-Peng Huang, Yu-Juan Shan, Bao-long Li
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2017)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peijun Tian, Gang Wang, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Wei Chen
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2019)
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Wanqiang Wu, Qingmin Kong, Peijun Tian, Qixiao Zhai, Gang Wang, Xiaoming Liu, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Yuan Kun Lee, Wei Chen
Article
Microbiology
Gang Wang, Yunxia Yu, Enriqueta Garcia-Gutierrez, Xing Jin, Yufeng He, Linlin Wang, Peijun Tian, Zhenmin Liu, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Wei Chen
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gang Wang, Qian Chen, Peijun Tian, Linlin Wang, Xiu Li, Yuan-Kun Lee, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Wei Chen
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Peijun Tian, Kenneth J. O'Riordan, Yuan-kun Lee, Gang Wang, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, John F. Cryan, Wei Chen
NEUROBIOLOGY OF STRESS
(2020)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Peijun Tian, Thomaz F. S. Bastiaanssen, Linhong Song, Bin Jiang, Xu Zhang, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Wei Chen, John F. Cryan, Gang Wang
Summary: The study found that the psychobiotic strain Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1025 has a significant improvement effect on depressive-like behaviors and neurological abnormalities in chronically stressed mice, with superior carbohydrate utilization capacity and production of more neuromodulatory metabolites. Furthermore, administration of CCFM1025 reshapes the gut microbiome of chronically stressed mice, enhancing fatty acid and tryptophan biosynthesis capability in the gut-brain interaction.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Peijun Tian, Ying Chen, Huiyue Zhu, Luyao Wang, Xin Qian, Renying Zou, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Long Qian, Qun Wang, Gang Wang, Wei Chen
Summary: The study demonstrated that Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1025 has a promising antidepressant effect in managing major depression disorder. Compared to placebo, CCFM1025 showed better relief of depressive symptoms, possibly through changes in gut microbiome and tryptophan metabolism.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peijun Tian, Ying Chen, Xin Qian, Renying Zou, Huiyue Zhu, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Gang Wang, Wei Chen
Summary: The Pediococcus acidilactici strain CCFM6432 has shown psychobiotic potential by improving gut microbial composition, regulating anxiety-like behaviors, and reducing HPA axis hyperactivity. Its key compound for antimicrobial activity was confirmed to be lactic acid, paving the way for potential mental health management during daily life, especially amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peijun Tian, Huiyue Zhu, Renying Zou, Qinming Kong, Mengshu Xu, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Wei Chen, Gang Wang
Summary: This study developed an in vitro screening method based on RIN14B to screen probiotics with antidepressant-like potential, identifying certain strains that can produce neurobehavioral effects by enhancing Tph1 expression.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peijun Tian, Renying Zou, Linhong Song, Xu Zhang, Bin Jiang, Gang Wang, Yuan-kun Lee, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Wei Chen
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peijun Tian, Baolong Li, Canxia He, Wei Song, Aiju Hou, Sicong Tian, Xinyu Meng, Kaikai Li, Yujuan Shan