Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jason Kuniyoshi, Ricky Huang, Horyun Choi, Monika Bernas, Witina Techasatian, Yoshito Nishimura
Summary: ICIs have revolutionized cancer treatment by targeting molecules to activate T-cells and show curative responses for patients with metastatic melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, head and neck, and renal cancers. However, the occurrence of life-threatening immune-related adverse events should be taken into consideration.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chen Wang, Bingdi Zhong, Jing He, Xiaohong Liao
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly improved clinical outcomes in cancer treatment, but they can also cause immune-related adverse events, including rare but fatal cardiac complications. This case report highlights a thymoma patient who developed immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced myocarditis, leading to ventricular arrhythmia and cardiac failure, resulting in death.
Review
Oncology
Ranjan Pathak, Anjan Katel, Erminia Massarelli, Victoria M. Villaflor, Virginia Sun, Ravi Salgia
Summary: The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors has revolutionized cancer treatment, but can also lead to life-threatening immune-related adverse events such as IM3OS. Studies have shown that IM3OS has high mortality rates and early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes.
Article
Emergency Medicine
Demis N. Lipe, Elkin Galvis-Carvajal, Eva Rajha, Adriana H. Wechsler, Susan Gaeta
Summary: This study identified seven patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor overlap syndrome of myasthenia gravis, myositis and myocarditis presenting to the emergency department. Most patients were female and treated with a programmed cell death-1 inhibitor. Common symptoms included ptosis, diplopia, dyspnea and fatigue, with most requiring supplemental oxygen and a prolonged length of stay. Early recognition is crucial for prompt administration of high-dose glucocorticoids, and further immunomodulators may be necessary for hospitalized patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Loulu Gao, Xuemei Li, Zhijun Guo, Lin Tang, Jieqiong Peng, Bo Liu
Summary: The therapeutic value of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in tumor treatment is recognized, but they can sometimes cause immune related adverse events (irAEs). This case report emphasizes the importance of early recognition and appropriate treatment of these events for patient prognosis.
Article
Oncology
Joshua Longinow, Mohammad Zmaili, Warren Skoza, Nicholas Kondoleon, Robert Marquardt, Cassandra Calabrese, Pauline Funchain, Rohit Moudgil
Summary: This study examined the clinical parameters of overlap syndrome that may predict mortality. It found that troponin could be a possible predictor, and elevated creatinine, BUN, and reduced hemoglobin may serve as early biomarkers in deceased patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Francois Deharo, Julien Carvelli, Jennifer Cautela, Maxime Garcia, Claire Sarles, Andre Maues de Paula, Jeremy Bourenne, Marc Gainnier, Amandine Bichon
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized cancer treatment, but they also increase the risk of immune-related adverse events. This study reports three cases of severe myocarditis/myositis induced by ICI, highlighting the challenges in irAEs management and the need for increased physician awareness.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Xin Bai, Xueyan Wang, Guozhen Ma, Jinen Song, Xiaowei Liu, Xi Wu, Yujie Zhao, Xu Liu, Zhihui Liu, Wei Zhang, Xin Zhao, Zirui Zheng, Jing Jing, Hubing Shi
Summary: Immunotherapy, particularly the ICB treatment, has shown durable tumor inhibition but can lead to severe immune-related adverse events. Research found that ICB treatment induces colitis in melanoma patients and activates the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway in affected T cells. In a mouse model, combining mTOR inhibitor sirolimus with anti-PD-1 treatment effectively inhibits tumor growth by inducing immunogenic cell death.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Wei Cheng, Tian Sun, Cong Liu, Zijing Zhou, Jiaxi Duan, Yiyang Zhao, Min Yang, Ping Chen
Summary: The pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis complicated with myocarditis is complex, with poor prognosis for patients. Many cases of myocarditis in these patients are caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors, necessitating close monitoring of myocardial enzymes and other indicators to guide treatment.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jingmei Pan, Xilin Li, Binfen Shao, Funeng Xu, Xuehui Huang, Xing Guo, Shaobing Zhou
Summary: A nanocarrier that achieves self-blockade of PD-L1 in tumor cells and a detection kit to quantitatively measure the binding rate of PD-1/PD-L1 have been developed, improving the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 self-blocking therapy.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Zi-xuan Yang, Xuan Chen, Si-qi Tang, Qing Zhang
Summary: The case report highlights a patient who developed ICI-related myocarditis after using sintilimab, and had a good response to intensive immunosuppressive therapy.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Lee S. Nguyen, Marie Bretagne, Jennifer Arrondeau, Noel Zahr, Stephane Ederhy, Baptiste Abbar, Bruno Pinna, Yves Allenbach, Jean-Paul Mira, Javid Moslehi, Michelle Rosenzwajg, Joe-Elie Salem
Summary: This article describes a case in which nearly lethal immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced myocarditis was reversed by the treatment of abatacept with adjusted dosage. This provides a basis for personalized treatment of patients with severe ICI adverse events.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Qian Li, Jingjing Han, Yonglin Yang, Yu Chen
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high prevalence and mortality rate worldwide. In recent years, immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors, particularly targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, has brought fundamental changes to the treatment of advanced HCC. However, challenges remain and combination therapy may be a better option to improve the low remission rate.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Shuja Sheikh, Usman Alvi, Betty Soliven, Kourosh Rezania
Summary: This review summarizes the drugs that can cause de novo MG, MG exacerbation, or MG-like symptoms in patients without myasthenia gravis, providing a better understanding of the mechanisms behind these adverse effects.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Meng Chen, Chenyan Li, Mingjun Sun, Yiling Li, Xuren Sun
Summary: This review summarizes the challenges in the treatment of gastroesophageal cancers (GECs) and the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors as a new therapeutic approach. Ongoing clinical trials with PD-1/PD-L1 pathway blockers in GEC are discussed, and further research is needed to apply them in the clinical care of patients. The review provides insights into the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies as a first-line treatment and in second-line or more treatment for GEC.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)