Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chuang Liu, Xinsheng Wang, Yu Ren, Xiaoli Wang, Jiancheng Zhang
Summary: This paper proposes a frequency distributed secondary control strategy for Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) based on the theory of nonlinear heterogeneous multi-agents. The control strategy adopts an event-triggered control strategy in the distributed secondary control to reduce communication burden. Experimental results show that the proposed control strategy can restore frequency and accurately share active power, while reducing communication burden.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zhiyi Chen, Xinghuo Yu, Wenying Xu, Guanghui Wen
Summary: This paper introduces a distributed hierarchical control framework for energy storage systems in DC microgrid clusters, achieving voltage regulation and current sharing. A multilayered event-triggered consensus algorithm is proposed to reduce communication costs, with effectiveness verified through simulations.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ali Rafiee, Yazdan Batmani, Farahnaz Ahmadi, Hassan Bevrani
Summary: The increase of renewable energy sources with power electronic interfaces in traditional power systems reduces the inertia constant and damping coefficient, leading to more uncertainty and sensitivity to disturbances. The concept of virtual synchronous generator (VSG) is used to emulate synchronous generator properties, with the quantitative feedback theory (QFT) tuning VSG parameters for robust system stability and performance, while considering disturbance attenuation. The proposed strategy is shown through frequency response analysis and time-domain simulations to successfully solve the load-frequency control problem in islanded microgrids, with the QFT-based VSG outperforming a robust VSG designed by the H-infinity technique against disturbances.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xiao-Kang Liu, Jiong Cai, Lantao Xing, Yan-Wu Wang
Summary: In this paper, a distributed secondary control strategy based on quantized signals is proposed to eliminate voltage deviation of DC microgrids induced by droop control. By using quantized signals and an event-triggered mechanism, current sharing and voltage restoration can be achieved, and the communication burden and controller updating rate can be reduced.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chuanshen Wu, Sufan Jiang, Shan Gao, Yu Liu, Haiteng Han
Summary: This study proposes an event-triggered model predictive control method for dynamic energy management of electric vehicles (EVs) in microgrids. The study focuses on the forecasting models of EV status and the event-triggered mechanism, achieving coordination between computational efficiency and optimization impact. Numerical simulations show that the proposed method has a significantly shorter calculation overhead while achieving nearly the same energy management impact.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Md Nafiz Musarrat, Afef Fekih
Summary: This paper proposes an event-triggered sliding mode control (ETSMC)-based control approach to effectively damp subsynchronous resonance. The ETSMC control is designed for the rotor side converter of the DFIG, and a phase compensator unit is augmented with the ETSMC control to enhance its efficacy in mitigating specific unstable mode. The proposed control approach is validated using a DFIG-based WECS in IEEE first benchmark model, and the results prove its high efficacy in mitigating SSR and ensuring system's fast recovery. In addition to the attributes of the SMC approach, reliance on an event triggering mechanism leads to only seldom control updates, thereby solving the problem of requirement of high communication bandwidth and computational power.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Pudong Ge, Boli Chen, Fei Teng
Summary: This article presents an event-triggered distributed model predictive control strategy for managing the voltage magnitude of distributed generators in a microgrid to achieve a balance between control performance and communication and computation burdens. Additionally, an adaptive nonasymptotic observer is used to estimate internal and output signals of generators, cooperating with the DMPC-based voltage regulator to optimize control performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Ling Huang, Jing Guo, Bing Li
Summary: This paper proposes an observer-based controller with dynamic event-triggered strategy for networked control systems, aiming to deal with external disturbance and unknown periodic Denial-of-Service attacks, and the theory effectiveness is verified through a numerical example. The disturbance suppression degree of the system is optimized through a minimum optimization problem.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
La Mi, Leonid Mirkin
Summary: The article introduces an event-triggered controller with continuous-time H-infinity performance guarantees, which has a sampling rate that never exceeds the optimal periodic sampled-data controller for the same performance level. The proposed controller shows slower sampling compared to the optimal periodic case, unless certain internal signals belong to a class of worst-case analogue signals, called spoilers, which are exhaustively characterized and shown to be atypical.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Jiahao Li, Yu Liu, Jinyong Yu
Summary: The paper investigates the backstepping robust control problem for a class of nonlinear networked systems, where innovative approaches such as designing the virtual controller to be piecewise constant and proposing a semi-synchronous event-triggered scheme are used to simplify the design process and improve suitability, with the effectiveness of the theory validated through numerical simulation.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Qian Zhang, Huaicheng Yan, Hao Zhang, Shiming Chen, Meng Wang
Summary: This article studies a dynamic event-triggered H-infinity controller of the singular system based on stochastic cyber-attacks. A novel method is proposed to consider cyber-attacks randomly occurring via network communication to save network resources. Sufficient conditions are derived to ensure the closed-loop singular system is regular, impulse free and asymptotically stable under a prescribed H-infinity norm bound, and examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results obtained.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN CYBERNETICS-SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Li Deng, Zhan Shu, Tongwen Chen
Summary: This paper focuses on event-triggered robust model predictive control (MPC) for linear discrete-time systems with bounded disturbances. By exploiting the ergodicity of a purposely designed Markov chain, a stochastic triggering scheme is proposed to achieve aperiodic and non-persistent event verification and enlarge the inter-execution time. Both tube-based MPC and linear matrix inequality-based (LMI-based) MPC are considered and shown to have complementary merits with this stochastic triggering scheme. Under mild conditions, recursive feasibility and closed-loop robust stability are theoretically guaranteed for both approaches. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed approaches.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ling Lyu, Xuesong Wang, Liang Zhang, Zhe Zhang, Leong Hai Koh
Summary: This paper proposes an adaptive virtual inertia control system using fuzzy logic rules and affiliation functions to provide adaptive inertia control for the stability of low-inertia microgrid in the presence of high penetration of renewable energy sources.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Lijun Long, Fenglan Wang, Zhiyong Chen
Summary: This article focuses on the robust adaptive event-triggered control (ETC) problem for switched nonlinear systems. A novel robust adaptive controller is constructed based on a common virtual control Lyapunov function method and backstepping. The dynamic ETC (DETC) strategy is integrated into the switching controller to address the challenges caused by the interaction of switching and triggering instants. The proposed solution guarantees global asymptotic stability and exclusion of Zeno behavior for the closed-loop system, and is applicable to a larger class of switched nonlinear systems.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Wenfeng Hu, Yihang Weng, Huaqing Li
Summary: This article investigates the distributed event-triggered robust H-infinity consensus control for uncertain linear multi-agent systems with external disturbances under directed networks based on accessible output signals. By introducing variable transformations, the consensus problem is converted into stability analysis of sub-systems. A new event-triggered consensus control protocol is proposed, which only requires local observed relative states of neighboring agents. The protocol ensures consensus achievement and desired robust H-infinity performance without Zeno behavior.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tianshi Cheng, Ning Lin, Venkata Dinavahi
Summary: This paper proposes a hybrid parallel-in-time-and-space transient simulation method on the CPU-GPU platform to fully exploit parallel processing hardware. By combining TS simulation and EMT simulation to reflect system-level and equipment-level transients, the method shows higher scalability and extensibility.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiaxin You, Rao Fu, Huimin Liang, Dazhi Yang, Yigang Lin, Venkata Dinavahi
Summary: This paper proposes a method for calculating the electromechanical transient characteristics (ETCs) of electromagnetic actuators using coil current. By analyzing the source of armature kinetic energy, a model based on energy conservation is developed to describe the relationship between mechanical and electrical characteristics. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method yields consistent results with sensor measurements.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shiqi Cao, Ning Lin, Venkata Dinavahi
Summary: This paper investigates the use of hardware emulation to accelerate the dynamic security analysis (DSA) of a large-scale AC/DC system. A platform based on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) is established to process extensive contingencies faster-than-real-time (FTRT). The proposed hardware emulation platform demonstrates significant acceleration in execution time while maintaining accuracy.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Xinfang Chen, Weiran Chen, Venkata Dinavahi, Yiqing Liu, Jilin Feng
Summary: Short-term load forecasting is a key technology for the implementation of smart grids, which is primarily used in control centers to analyze consumer load patterns and predict future load values. This paper proposes a hybrid model based on Residual Neural network (ResNet) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to improve the accuracy of load forecasting by extracting feature parameters and using them for prediction.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tong Duan, Venkata Dinavahi
Summary: In power system simulation, mathematical solution methods are often considered as pure numerical operations, independent of circuit principles. However, this letter demonstrates that the computational procedures in commonly used numerical solution methods for circuit equations are essentially equivalent to the basic principles of electricity. The analysis of Gaussian elimination based solution methods and their deep relationships with circuit principles reveal that the computation process of these methods can be explained using circuit principles, which can help understand the computational process and guide the design of new circuit solution methods.
ELECTRONICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ning Lin, Shiqi Cao, Venkata Dinavahi
Summary: For the efficient study of interactions between power grid and massive battery energy storage systems (BESSs), this work proposes a heterogeneous computing architecture utilizing CPU and GPU. It conducts device-level electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation simultaneously with electro-mechanical transient stability (TS) simulation to enhance the fidelity of the BESS and enable system-level dynamic security assessment. The GPU's multi-streaming, multithreading capability is exploited for asynchronous sequential-parallel processing, allowing flexible utilization of computing resources. The adoption of a multi-rate scheme further reduces computational burden and achieves timely information exchange. The feasibility of heterogeneous computation in an IEEE 118-bus system integrated with distributed batteries is demonstrated with a remarkable speedup of over 200, validated by MATLAB/Simulink and DSAToolsTM/TSAT simulation for device- and system-level accuracy respectively.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xinxin Lv, Yonghui Sun, Venkata Dinavahi, Xinlong Zhao, Feng Qiao
Summary: In this paper, an adaptive event-triggered scheme with fractional order global sliding mode control is proposed to detect potential attacks on measured data and maintain the performance of the load frequency control (LFC) system. The use of Markov theory and improved stability analysis techniques provides stability criteria for a multi-area LFC power system considering renewable energy and hybrid cyber attacks. Simulation results on a two-area LFC system and a modified IEEE 39-bus New England test power system with wind farms demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Tong Duan, Venkata Dinavahi
Summary: In this study, the software-defined network (SDN) technology is used to enable datapath failover upon a link failure in the wide area measurement system (WAMS) of smart grid. A novel dataplane-based fast failover (DFF) mechanism is proposed to optimize backup path construction and installation, ensuring real-time monitoring and protection applications in case of failures.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Songyang Zhang, Tian Liang, Venkata Dinavahi
Summary: The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has enabled the modeling of power electronics with ultra-fast transient responses, including wide-bandgap (WBG) devices. This article emphasizes the importance of real-time ultra-fast transient hardware emulation for the DC railway microgrid (DRM). The proposed approach employs transmission line method (TLM), gated recurrent unit (GRU), and electromagnetic transient (EMT) modeling techniques for system-level subsystems, and uses a novel physical feature neuron network (PFNN) to model WBG devices. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated through comparisons with offline simulations, and it offers high flexibility, accuracy, and efficiency for power electronics device-level emulation.
IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yi Wang, Zhiwei Yang, Yaoqiang Wang, Zhongwen Li, Venkata Dinavahi, Jun Liang
Summary: Accurate estimation of dynamic states is crucial for monitoring power system conditions and controlling transient stability. The proposed novel resilient cubature Kalman filter (CKMC-CKF) effectively addresses the issues of non-Gaussian noise and denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, offering better numerical stability and mitigating adverse effects. The algorithm achieves this through the use of the Cauchy kernel function and a statistical linearization technique, resulting in improved estimation accuracy and resilience compared to traditional filters.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiqi Cao, Ning Lin, Venkata Dinavahi
Summary: Enhanced environmental standards have led to the integration of a growing number of microgrids with renewable energy resources in modern power systems, posing challenges to simulate such complex systems. This study proposes a comprehensive modeling approach for a grid of microgrids to enable faster-than-real-time emulation, which can be used for contingencies analysis and dynamic security assessment in an energy control center. The use of electromagnetic transient modeling for microgrids and transient stability modeling for the AC grid enables high acceleration values over real-time execution. A dynamic power injection interface is proposed to facilitate the coexistence of the two simulation types. The reconfigurability and parallelism of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) allow for FTRT execution with 51 times acceleration, and the results are validated using the off-line simulation tool Matlab/Simulink (R).
IEEE OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF POWER AND ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Bingrong Shang, Tianshi Cheng, Tian Liang, Ning Lin, Venkata Dinavahi
Summary: Power converter design evaluation using real-time simulation techniques is common, but often limited to simple power semiconductor switch models. This study develops a nonlinear high-order electrothermal model for IGBT and implements it in real-time using ML methodology. The AIE's vector multiplication feature allows for faster execution in real-time. Validation of the results is performed using SaberRD and MATLAB/Simulink.
IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF THE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Shiqi Cao, Venkata Dinavahi, Ning Lin
Summary: This work proposes a practical method for energy control centers to reduce the computational burden of traditional transient stability simulation by using machine learning models and dynamic equivalent models. By deploying the ML-based models on field programmable gate arrays, a faster-than-real-time digital twin hardware emulation of the real power system is achieved.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiuwei Guo, Peng Liu, Venkata Dinavahi, Wenying Yang
Summary: This paper proposes a model order reduction method based on the combination of POD and TLM to improve the computational efficiency of the finite element method in modeling the electromagnetic field of transformers, especially for nonlinear models.
IEEE OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF POWER AND ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Chengzhang Lyu, Venkata R. Dinavahi
Summary: This paper proposes a hybrid recurrent neural network (RNN) and electromagnetic transient (EMT) method for device-level multi-domain emulation, providing accurate insight into the behavioral transients of hydrogen fuel-cell hybrid electric buses (HEBs). Real-time hardware emulation is achieved on the Xilinx Versal(TM) adaptive compute acceleration platform (ACAP) by utilizing multiple AI engines and programmable logic to handle the RNN and EMT models, respectively. The hybrid model shows 96.3% accuracy and significantly reduces HEB emulation time compared to conventional EMT methods.
