Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jong-Tae Kim, Sung Min Cho, Dong Hyuk Youn, Eun Pyo Hong, Chan Hum Park, Younghyurk Lee, Harry Jung, Jin Pyeong Jeon
Summary: This study evaluated the therapeutic effect of a new delivery method of mouse neural stem cell (mNSC) spheroids using a hydrogel, in terms of improvement in damaged cortical lesions and cognitive impairment after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). The results showed that transplantation of hydrogel-based mNSC spheroids improved cognitive function through reconstruction of the damaged cortex.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Aron Szabo, Gabor Juhasz
Summary: In the nervous system, macrophages or glia play a role in removing dead cell-derived material caused by injuries and neurodegeneration through phagocytosis. The process involves the capture of engulfed material into phagosomes, and the maturation and fusion of these vesicles with lysosomes may utilize the LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP) pathway.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ben Rombaut, Sofie Kessels, Melissa Schepers, Assia Tiane, Dean Paes, Yevgeniya Solomina, Elisabeth Piccart, Daniel van den Hove, Bert Brone, Jos Prickaerts, Tim Vanmierlo
Summary: Synapses are essential for neuronal communication in the brain, and their balance is maintained through a careful coordination between synaptogenesis and synaptic pruning. Cell-signaling pathways play a crucial role in synaptic plasticity across different brain cells, with the involvement of second messengers like cGMP and cAMP. Targeting pathways involving phosphodiesterases (PDEs) presents a potential therapeutic strategy for combating excessive synapse loss in various neuropathologies.
Article
Neurosciences
Tyler J. Dause, Jiyeon K. Denninger, Bryon M. Smith, Elizabeth D. Kirby
Summary: This review focuses on investigating the autocrine and paracrine functions of the endogenous NSC secretome across life. Evidence shows that the NSC secretome is critical for how endogenous NSCs regulate themselves and their niche, but there are gaps in current literature, particularly in the clinically-relevant domain of endogenous NSC paracrine function in the injured CNS.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Oksana Rybachuk, Yuliia Nesterenko, Eric Pinet, Volodymyr Medvediev, Yurii Yaminsky, Vitaliy Tsymbaliuk
Summary: Currently, two methods are being considered for treating spinal cord injury:transplantation of stem cells and replacement of damaged nervous tissue with synthetic matrices. Experimental results show that implanting neural stem cells in hydrogel promotes their differentiation into neurons, and this integrated approach has been proven effective in facilitating the rehabilitation process after spinal cord injury.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vitor Teixeira, Patricia Maciel, Vitor Costa
Summary: Lipid droplets are essential organelles for fat storage, playing a crucial role in energy homeostasis and cellular stress response. Abnormal accumulation of lipid droplets and lipid depletion are characteristic of many diseases, and studying the biogenesis and turnover of lipid droplets provides insights into disease mechanisms. In the context of neurodegeneration, lipid droplets may have a potential role, and imbalance in lipid droplets could contribute to brain pathophysiology.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Vishnu Muraleedharan Saraswathy, Lili Zhou, Anthony R. McAdow, Brooke Burris, Deepika Dogra, Sven Reischauer, Mayssa H. Mokalled
Summary: This study reveals the dynamic expression of mstnb in dorsal spinal cord progenitors in zebrafish after injury. Mstnb mutants show impaired functional recovery, but normal glial and axonal bridging, and an increase in the number of newborn neurons at the lesion site. Treatment with human FGF1 rescues the molecular and cellular phenotypes of mstnb mutants.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Ryotaro Imai, Ryota Tamura, Masahiro Yo, Mizuto Sato, Mariko Fukumura, Kento Takahara, Yoshitaka Kase, Hideyuki Okano, Masahiro Toda
Summary: Despite limited treatment options for traumatic brain injury (TBI), neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) expressing yCD-UPRT showed promising results in functional recovery. The transplanted iPSC-derived NS/PCs displayed stable expression of the therapeutic gene and concentrated around the damaged cortex, leading to improved behavioral performance and prevention of secondary brain injury in a TBI mouse model. In addition, selective elimination of undifferentiated NS/PCs using 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) demonstrated the safety of this regenerative medicine approach.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Hong Fan, Jialei Yang, Kun Zhang, Junling Xing, Baolin Guo, Honghui Mao, Wenting Wang, Yingzhou Hu, Wei Lin, Ying Huang, Jian Ding, Caiyong Yu, Fanfan Fu, Li Sun, Jing Wu, Youyi Zhao, Wenbin Deng, Chengji Zhou, Mengsheng Qiu, Shengxi Wu, Yu-Qiang Ding, Yazhou Wang
Summary: Reactive astrogliosis is enhanced by the activation of Wnt signaling and dedifferentiation of astrocytes following ischemic injury. Apoptotic neurons up-regulate Wnt2 protein via internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-mediated translation, leading to the activation of Wnt signaling and astrocyte dedifferentiation. This apoptosis-initiated Wnt-activating mechanism promotes neuronal regeneration.
NPJ REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ning Xu, Tingting Xu, Raymond Mirasol, Lena Holmberg, Per Henrik Vincent, Xiaofei Li, Anna Falk, Eirikur Benedikz, Emilia Rotstein, Ake Seiger, Elisabet Akesson, Scott Falci, Erik Sundstrom
Summary: The study developed a rat model of PTS and demonstrated that transplantation of human neural stem/progenitor cells can be used as an effective treatment for PTS in an animal model closely mimicking the clinical situation. The neural cells transplanted into the cysts prevented further expansion and partially obliterated the cysts, significantly reducing their volumes.
Article
Neurosciences
Susana Gonzalez-Granero, Enrique Font, Ester Desfilis, Vicente Herranz-Perez, Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo
Summary: In adult lizards, new neurons are generated from neural stem cells in the ventricular zone, and they migrate and integrate into the main brain subdivisions. By administering markers and euthanizing the animals at different survival times, adult neurogenesis in Podarcis liolepis was studied. The results showed that only type B cells were labeled after short survival times, indicating that they are neural stem cells.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Rahul M. Dhodapkar, Diego Martell, Brian P. Hafler
Summary: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that leads to irreversible vision loss worldwide. Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is identified as a key driver of neural damage in AMD, presenting potential therapeutic targets.
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Hideki Hayashi, Ichiro Horinokita, Yuji Yamada, Keisuke Hamada, Norio Takagi, Motoyoshi Nomizu
Summary: Peptides derived from laminin, specifically AG73 and C16, show superior cell attachment and neurite extension activities for rat neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs) compared to other peptides. They support the growth of neurons and astrocytes differentiated from NPCs, with C16 also promoting the expression of neuronal markers. These peptides have potential as valuable biomaterials for NPC research.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biology
John C. O'Donnell, Erin M. Purvis, Kaila V. T. Helm, Dayo O. Adewole, Qunzhou Zhang, Anh D. Le, D. Kacy Cullen
Summary: The Tissue-Engineered Rostral Migratory Stream (TE-RMS) developed by O'Donnell et al. uses astrocyte-like cells derived from adult gingival stem cells to facilitate directed migration of immature neurons and redirect neuroblast migration in athymic rat brains, offering a promising new approach to neuroregenerative medicine.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Manuela Voelkner, Felix Wagner, Thomas Kurth, Alex M. Sykes, Claudia Del Toro Runzer, Lynn J. A. Ebner, Cagri Kavak, Vasileia Ismini Alexaki, Peter Cimalla, Mirko Mehner, Edmund Koch, Mike O. Karl
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases are not fully understood and require therapies. Stem cell-derived organoid models are useful for research in fundamental and translational medicine. In this study, mouse retina organoids were tested with different manipulations, and it was found that they can reproduce distinct pathologic processes, including a complex pathology with combined neurodegeneration and glial pathologies. This research provides insights for further organoid optimization and modeling of differential phenotypes for future applications in research.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)