Article
Virology
Ting Shi, Linlin Huang, Zhengrong Chen, Jianmei Tian
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics of primary EBV infection and reactivation in children in Suzhou, China, finding that primary EBV infection was more common in children aged 36 to <72 months and often led to infectious mononucleosis. Reactivation of EBV mainly occurred in children aged 8 to <36 months and was identified as a risk factor for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Among reactivated patients, HLH had a higher viral load compared to EBV infection and respiratory infection.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Lingtong Huang, Xuan Zhang, Lisha Pang, Peng Sheng, Yanqiu Wang, Fan Yang, Huili Yu, Xiaohan Huang, Yue Zhu, Ning Zhang, Hongliu Cai, Lingling Tang, Xueling Fang
Summary: This study aimed to assess the landscape and clinical features of viral reactivation in the early onset of severe pneumonia in ICU patients. The most common reactivated viruses in the lower respiratory tract of patients with severe pneumonia were cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Viral reactivation was associated with an increased risk of mortality.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chloe Borde, Alexandre E. Escargueil, Vincent Marechal
Summary: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a common herpesvirus that persists in most adults and is associated with malignancies. The virus transitions between latent and lytic phases, both contributing to tumor initiation. Recent studies have found that components of the NLRP3 inflammasome are involved in EBV reactivation. This study demonstrates that shikonin, apigenin, and OLT 1177, inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome, effectively inhibit EBV reactivation.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Zhicheng Ye, Luxi Chen, Huaqing Zhong, Lingfeng Cao, Pan Fu, Jin Xu
Summary: This study investigated the epidemiology and infectious characteristics of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection among children in Shanghai, China from 2017 to 2022. The results showed that EBV was prevalent among children, and coinfection with bacteria or other viruses increased the viral loads of EBV. The primary EBV-related diseases were systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), immunodeficiency, and infectious mononucleosis (IM).
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jing-Rui Zhou, Da-Yu Shi, Rong Wei, Yu Wang, Chen-Hua Yan, Xiao-Hui Zhang, Lan-Ping Xu, Kai-Yan Liu, Xiao-Jun Huang, Yu-Qian Sun
Summary: Reactivation of both cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus is common after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and is associated with poor outcomes, including lower overall survival and leukemia-free survival rates. Co-reactivation of these viruses is also linked to prolonged viral duration and poor CD4+CD25+ T cell reconstitution post-transplantation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chung-Chun Wu, Ting-Ying Lee, Yu-Jhen Cheng, Der-Yang Cho, Jen-Yang Chen
Summary: Kaempferol efficiently inhibits the reactivation of EBV, making it a potential choice for anti-EBV therapy and cancer prevention.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yun Xie, Song Cao, Hui Dong, Hui Lv, Xiaolei Teng, Jiaxiang Zhang, Tao Wang, Xiaoyan Zhang, Yun Qin, Yujing Chai, Luyu Yang, Jun Liu, Ruilan Wang
Summary: This retrospective single-center study found that COVID-19 patients with EBV reactivation had higher rates of tachypnoea, greater decreases in lymphocyte and albumin levels, higher levels of D-dimer and serum calcium, higher rates of CRP and occurrence of respiratory failure, ARDS, and hypoproteinaemia, as well as significantly higher 28-day and 14-day mortality rates compared to patients without EBV reactivation. These patients also received more immuno-supportive treatment.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoshimi Enose-Akahata, Limin Wang, Fahad Almsned, Kory R. Johnson, Yair Mina, Joan Ohayon, Xin Wei Wang, Steven Jacobson
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), and the cause of MS remains unknown. This study investigated the antibody responses against various viruses in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of MS patients, and found significant differences compared to healthy volunteers, as well as a pattern of antibody responses against multiple viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus. These findings indicate that virus-specific antibody signatures might reflect the disease-associated inflammatory milieu in the CSF of patients with neuroinflammatory diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lilian Ferrari de Freitas, Jean de Melo Silva, Anderson Nogueira Barbosa, Enzo Miranda Santos, Renato Pinheiro-Silva, Gemilson Soares Pontes
Summary: This study revealed a high prevalence of EBV infection among patients with hematological diseases in the northern Brazilian state of Amazonas, with associated hepatic manifestations and elevated serum ferritin levels. The age group 31-40 years old showed higher susceptibility to EBV/CMV coinfection, while young people aged 1-10 years old were less affected by both EBV infection and coinfection.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Praphatson Malat, Tipaya Ekalaksananan, Chukkris Heawchaiyaphum, Supawadee Suebsasana, Sittiruk Roytrakul, Yodying Yingchutrakul, Chamsai Pientong
Summary: Andrographolide inhibits the reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus in EBV-positive cancer cells by inhibiting EBV lytic genes, possibly through histone modifications.
Article
Oncology
Matthew A. Care, Sophie Stephenson, Roger Owen, Gina M. Doody, Reuben M. Tooze
Summary: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects a high proportion of the human population and is maintained in an inactive latent state in memory B-cells. Reactivation of EBV can drive B-cell tumours. EBV mimics immune signals to activate B-cells and expand the virally infected population. Through single cell analysis, researchers identified recurrent cell states that EBV-associated B-cells adopt upon viral reactivation, providing a model for studying EBV-driven B-cell lymphoproliferation.
Article
Pathology
Sudipta Samanta, Muthukaruppan Swaminathan, Jianing Hu, Khai Tuck Lee, Ajitha Sundaresan, Chuan Keng Goh, Chor Hiang Siow, Kwok Seng Loh, Soh Ha Chan, Joshua K. Tay, Ian Cheong
Summary: The use of immunofluorescence assay for detecting serum Epstein-Barr virus antibodies is the gold standard screening test for nasopharyngeal cancer in high-risk populations. This study demonstrates that integrating deep learning with automated fuzzy inference can improve the scalability and accuracy of NPC detection.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Kena Lin, Zhiwen Zeng, Xueqi Li, Wenjie Chen, Dongfeng Lin, Shanghang Xie, Zhicong Wu, Mengmeng Li, Sumei Cao, Jinlin Du
Summary: This study investigated the association between hypertension and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation. It found that hypertension increased the risk of EBV reactivation, while beta-blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) were associated with a reduced risk of EBV reactivation.
Article
Immunology
Yuhua Ru, Jinjin Zhu, Tiemei Song, Yiyang Ding, Ziling Zhu, Yi Fan, Yang Xu, Aining Sun, Huiying Qiu, Zhengming Jin, Xiaowen Tang, Yue Han, Chengcheng Fu, Suning Chen, Xiao Ma, Feng Chen, Jia Chen, Depei Wu
Summary: After haploindentical donor hematopoietic cell transplantation, the reactivation rates of EBV and CMV are higher and may have distinctive risk factors compared to HLA-matched HCT. Male recipients and acute graft-versus-host disease are independent risk factors for EBV and CMV reactivation. CMV reactivation is associated with worsened treatment-related mortality and progression-free survival, significantly impacting the survival of ALL patients. In the EBV+/CMV- subgroup, ALL patients have a lower relapse rate and better overall survival and progression-free survival compared to AML patients.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Keishanne Danielle E. Bernal, Christopher B. Whitehurst
Summary: COVID-19 patients have a higher frequency of EBV reactivation compared to COVID-19 negative patients, and COVID-19 positive patients exhibit higher levels of SARS-CoV-2 protein.
