Journal
CELL REPORTS
Volume 36, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109419
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Funding
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases
- National Institutes of Health [R01AG054025, R01NS094557, RFA1AG055771, R01AG060718]
- American Heart Association [17CSA33620007]
- [T32 AG058522]
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The study demonstrates that TauO-induced neuroinflammation is primarily mediated through HMGB1 release and inflammatory SASP, leading to astrocyte senescence. Inhibition of HMGB1 release can prevent TauO-induced cellular senescence, reduce neuroinflammation, and improve cognitive function.
Aging, pathological tau oligomers (TauO), and chronic inflammation in the brain play a central role in tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). However, the underlying mechanism of TauO-induced aging-related neuroinflammation remains unclear. Here, we show that TauO-associated astrocytes display a senescence-like phenotype in the brains of patients with AD and FTD. TauO exposure triggers astrocyte senescence through high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release and inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which mediates paracrine senescence in adjacent cells. HMGB1 release inhibition using ethyl pyruvate (EP) and glycyrrhizic acid (GA) prevents TauO-induced senescence through inhibition of p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B)-the essential signaling pathways for SASP development. Despite the developed tauopathy in 12-month-old hTau mice, EP+GA treatment significantly decreases TauO and senescent cell loads in the brain, reduces neuroinflammation, and thus ameliorates cognitive functions. Collectively, TauO-induced HMGB1 release promotes cellular senescence and neuropathology, which could represent an important common pathomechanism in tauopathies including AD and FTD.
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