Article
Entomology
Jian-Jian Wu, Li-Li Mu, Wei-Nan Kang, Long-Ji Ze, Chen-Hui Shen, Lin Jin, Ahmad Ali Anjum, Guo-Qing Li
Summary: The study successfully demonstrated the control of Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata larvae using RNAi technology, indicating its environmental friendliness. By targeting the ecdysone receptor gene, high efficacy was achieved in laboratory and greenhouse settings.
Article
Biology
Amicia D. Elliott, Adama Berndt, Matthew Houpert, Snehashis Roy, Robert L. Scott, Carson C. Chow, Hari Shroff, Benjamin H. White
Summary: By studying the musculature of pupal fruit flies, a multiphasic behavioral sequence was described and major movements were extracted using a convolutional neural network. Muscle activity was found to exhibit considerable variability, with sequential increases in stereotypy dependent upon neuromodulation.
Article
Entomology
Qi Wang, Yu-Tong Luo, Yong Wang, De-Yi Wang, Xiao-Xia Duan, Yao-Ting Zhang, Yu-Meng Bian, Wei Liu, Li Qin
Summary: This study used a long photoperiod to trigger pupal diapause termination in the Chinese oak silkworm. It examined the expression patterns of hormone-related genes, revealing a close relationship between hormone gene expression and pupal development.
Article
Entomology
Makoto Tsubuki, Fumio Hayashi
Summary: This study investigates the evolution of warning colors in pupae of several insect species. The results show that the pupal coloration of these insects serves as a warning signal and helps deter predators.
Article
Physiology
Jie Du, Ping Zhao, Jiazhen Wang, Sanyuan Ma, Lunguang Yao, Xuwei Zhu, Xinfeng Yang, Xian Zhang, Zhenbo Sun, Shimei Liang, Dongxu Xing, Jianping Duan
Summary: This study optimized the dosage of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) to efficiently terminate the pupal diapause of Antheraea pernyi. Transcriptome analysis and qRT-PCR confirmed the expression patterns of genes involved in the process. These findings contribute to our understanding of the mechanism of pupal-adult transition and provide new methods and resources for the rearing and biotechnological development of A. pernyi.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Zoology
H. Mayekar, U. Kodandaramaiah
Summary: This study examined the effect of larval density on pupal color plasticity in the butterfly Mycalesis mineus. It was found that there was a strong correlation between larval density and the proportion of brown pupae when larvae had a greater choice of pupation substrates in a more natural setting. The results highlight the importance of experimental protocols and the trade-off between realism and practicality and control.
JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Tarunkishwor Yumnam, Birupaksha Banerjee, Ullasa Kodandaramaiah
Summary: PCP in many lepidopterans can be adaptive by helping pupae match their background colours. Laboratory populations showed more green pupae on off-leaf substrates. Pupal colour also responded to the leaf substrate's finer colour variations.
BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dimitri Breda, Davide Frizzera, Giulia Giordano, Elisa Seffin, Virginia Zanni, Desiderato Annoscia, Christopher J. Topping, Franco Blanchini, Francesco Nazzi
Summary: This study examines the impact of pesticides on honey bees using a systems biology approach and laboratory experiments. The authors found that the immune suppressive effect of the deformed wing virus on honey bees may contribute to the variability in experiment outcomes. They demonstrate that the interaction of toxic compounds with other stressors can lead to different consequences for honey bee health under similar initial conditions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
C-H Shen, Q-Y Xu, K-Y Fu, W-C Guo, L. Jin, G-Q Li
Summary: In the study, it was found that in Leptinotarsa decemlineata, the mRNA levels of ecdysis triggering hormone (ETH) were positively correlated with circulating 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) titers, indicating a key role for ETH downstream of 20E. Depletion of ETH in the final instar stage resulted in failed pupation, with most beetles remaining as prepupae and eventually dying. The study suggests that ETH plays dual roles in coleopterans, involving initiation of ecdysis and motivation of trachea clearance.
INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Tzu-Hsuen Yuan, Meng-Ting Yu, Yoshinori Ikenaka, Yi-Hsuan Chen, Shoji F. Nakayama, Chang-Chuan Chan
Summary: Neonicotinoids and their metabolites were detected in Taiwanese tea leaves, with different tea species and harvest seasons influencing the levels of these pesticides. The government should monitor the use of neonicotinoids to ensure food safety.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ryuichiro Shinohara, Shin-Ichiro S. Matsuzaki, Mirai Watanabe, Megumi Nakagawa, Hajime Yoshida, Ayato Kohzu
Summary: We examined the factors of warm air temperatures, high solar radiation, and weak wind speeds in causing hypoxia in a shallow lake during a heat wave. By simulating dissolved oxygen concentrations in the lake's bottom water, we compared the concentrations in 2022 with the average concentrations of the past 30 years. Our findings showed that wind speeds had the greatest impact on hypoxia occurrence. Insufficient convection led to hypoxia when wind speeds were low, but there was no hypoxia when the wind speed matched the 30-year average. However, if solar radiation and air temperatures matched their respective 30-year averages, hypoxia did not occur even with low wind speeds. Therefore, we concluded that the combination of weak winds and either high solar radiation or air temperatures induced hypoxia during the 2022 heat wave.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Momoko Kurihara, Katsunori Masaki, Emiko Matsuyama, Masato Fujioka, Reina Hayashi, Saki Tomiyasu, Kotaro Sasahara, Keeya Sunata, Masato Asaoka, Yuto Akiyama, Miyuki Nishie, Misato Irie, Takae Tanosaki, Hiroki Kabata, Koichi Fukunaga
Summary: This study reports two cases of eosinophilic pneumonia (EP) developing after the administration of dupilumab for eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS). Both patients experienced an increase in peripheral blood eosinophil count and exhibited fever and dyspnea, with improvement observed following prednisolone treatment.
Editorial Material
Hematology
Andrea U. Steinbicker
Summary: In this article, Muckenthaler et al investigated three male children with neurological symptoms and typical iron overload and organ dysfunction. The novel finding of neurological involvement raises the question of whether we need to rewrite the classification and textbook discussions of hereditary hemochromatosis, or if it is simply an add-on to the known mutations causing primary iron overload in humans.
Article
Entomology
Zhuhong Wang, Yu Si, Hui Zhang, Zhengli Zhang, Andrew Polaszek, Jian Huang
Summary: Aphytis species are considered important natural enemies in biological control of armoured scale insects. This study identified four characteristic pigmentation patterns of Aphytis pupae, which could be used as important supplementary diagnostic characters. Pupal pigmentation could be helpful in distinguishing closely-related species of Aphytis.
Article
Microbiology
Fabienne Reiss, Antonia Schuhmann, Leon Sohl, Markus Thamm, Ricarda Scheiner, Matthias Noll
Summary: This study is the first to investigate the impact of plant protection products (PPPs) on the cuticular microbiome of honey bees. The results show that PPPs significantly affect the fungal community and function of honey bees, and PPP mixtures have stronger effects on the cuticular community than individual PPPs. Furthermore, the use of PPPs leads to a more diverse cuticular community, which may have important implications for the health of honey bees.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Niranjana Krishnan, Yang Zhang, Keith G. Bidne, Richard L. Hellmich, Joel R. Coats, Steven P. Bradbury
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Niranjana Krishnan, Yang Zhang, Melanie E. Aust, Richard L. Hellmich, Joel R. Coats, Steven P. Bradbury
Summary: In order to conserve the eastern monarch butterfly population in North America, it is necessary to establish milkweed and nectar plants in the agricultural landscapes of the north central United States. Various insecticides were tested for toxicity, with chlorantraniliprole and beta-cyfluthrin being the most toxic to all life stages, while thiamethoxam and chlorpyrifos were generally the least toxic.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tyler J. Grant, Niranjana Krishnan, Steven P. Bradbury
Summary: Establishing habitat for monarch butterflies in agricultural landscapes of the north central United States is crucial for population conservation, but potential impacts of insecticide use must be considered. Research findings indicate that the benefits of establishing habitat close to crop fields outweigh the adverse effects of insecticide spray drift.
INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Niranjana Krishnan, Maura J. Hall, Richard L. Hellmich, Joel R. Coats, Steven P. Bradbury
Summary: The Varroa-active dsRNA and monarch-active dsRNA did not cause significant differences in larval mortality, development, weights, or eclosion rates compared to negative controls. Monarch larvae with the highest pupal weights consumed approximately 7500 to 10,500-mg milkweed leaf within 10 to 12 days, regardless of treatment. The lack of mortality and sublethal effects suggest monarch mRNA may be refractory to silencing by dsRNA or degrade dsRNA to a concentration insufficient to silence mRNA signaling.
Article
Biology
Tyler J. Grant, Kelsey E. Fisher, Niranjana Krishnan, Alexander N. Mullins, Richard L. Hellmich, Thomas W. Sappington, James S. Adelman, Joel R. Coats, Robert G. Hartzler, John M. Pleasants, Steven P. Bradbury
Summary: This study integrated spatially explicit modeling, empirical movement ecology, and pesticide toxicology studies to simulate population outcomes for different habitat establishment scenarios of the North American monarch butterfly. The research suggests that breeding monarchs in the North Central states are resilient to pesticide use and habitat fragmentation, and establishing new habitat can enhance adult monarch recruitment.
