Article
Neurosciences
Adam J. Culbreth, Zuzana Kasanova, Thomas J. Ross, Betty J. Salmeron, James M. Gold, Elliot A. Stein, James A. Waltz
Summary: The study found that brain responses to different forms of salience were detected, and there were no significant differences in salient event activation between SZ patients and controls in several regions, but there was a significant correlation between the magnitudes of salience contrasts and positive symptoms in SZ patients.
Article
Neurosciences
Katherine T. Baldwin, Christabel X. Tan, Samuel T. Strader, Changyu Jiang, Justin T. Savage, Xabier Elorza-Vidal, Ximena Contreras, Thomas Ruelicke, Simon Hippenmeyer, Raul Estevez, Ru-Rong Ji, Cagla Eroglu
Summary: This study identifies a molecular mechanism by which astrocytes coordinate morphogenesis and gap junction coupling during development. Conditional deletion of Hepacam disrupts gap junction coupling between astrocytes and affects the balance between synaptic excitation and inhibition. Mutations in HEPACAM are associated with megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts, suggesting that disruption of astrocyte self-organization mechanisms could be an underlying cause of neural pathology.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alejandra Caqueo-Urizar, Felipe Ponce-Correa, Carla Semir-Gonzalez, Alfonso Urzua
Summary: Premorbid adjustment refers to psychosocial functioning in areas such as education, occupation, and relationships prior to the onset of characteristic positive symptoms in schizophrenia. This study found that premorbid adjustment is significantly correlated with recovery indicators and that patients with better premorbid adjustment show better outcomes in terms of subjective recovery and stigma resistance. These findings highlight the importance of psychosocial functioning prior to psychosis in shaping patients' subjective experiences, understanding of the disorder, and recovery process.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Mahdi S. Abumadini, Kholoud S. Al Ghamdi, Abdullah H. Alqahtani, Dana K. Almedallah, Lauren Callans, Jumanah A. Jarad, Cyril Cyrus, Bobby P. C. Koeleman, Brendan J. Keating, Nathan Pankratz, Amein K. Al-Ali
Summary: This study conducted a genome-wide association study on Saudi schizophrenia subjects and found that the copy number variants (CNVs) in schizophrenia cases were significantly larger than those in controls. Several CNVs associated with schizophrenia were identified, including large deletions and known schizophrenia-associated loci. The study also identified multiple regions with shared runs of homozygosity (ROHs) in cases but not in controls, suggesting a correlation with schizophrenia risk.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seyedesomaye Jasemi, Kai Paulus, Marta Noli, Elena Rita Simula, Stefano Ruberto, Leonardo A. Sechi
Summary: This study investigates the humoral response in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and finds a significantly increased immune response against curli, PorPhY romonas gingivalis, and Herpes Simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) in PD patients. The study also highlights a strong positive correlation between HSV-1 and curli, suggesting the involvement of HSV-1 in gastrointestinal dysbiosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Rose Jeppesen, Sonja Orlovska-Waast, Nina Vindegaard Sorensen, Rune Haubo Bojesen Christensen, Michael Eriksen Benros
Summary: Neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier dysfunction are commonly observed in patients with psychotic disorders. This study found that patients with psychotic disorders had increased blood-brain barrier permeability, higher levels of white blood cells in cerebrospinal fluid, and increased peripheral inflammation in inpatients.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Qing Tian, Ning-Bo Yang, Yu Fan, Fang Dong, Qi-Jing Bo, Fu-Chun Zhou, Ji-Cong Zhang, Liang Li, Guang-Zhong Yin, Chuan-Yue Wang, Ming Fan
Summary: This study developed a machine learning pipeline based on neurocognitive and electrophysiological features to distinguish schizophrenia patients from healthy individuals. The results showed that the combination of neurocognitive and electrophysiological features achieved good classification performance, with the extreme gradient boosting algorithm performing the best.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xian-Jia Xu, Tang-Long Liu, Liang He, Ben Pu
Summary: In patients with first-episode schizophrenia, changes in neurotransmitters and brain structural characteristics, such as increased dopamine levels, decreased glutamic acid and gamma-aminobutyric acid levels, and increased corpus callosum thickness, were correlated with PANSS scores.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Sarah E. Morgan, Jonathan Young, Ameera X. Patel, Kirstie J. Whitaker, Cristina Scarpazza, Therese van Amelsvoort, Machteld Marcelis, Jim van Os, Gary Donohoe, David Mothersill, Aiden Corvin, Celso Arango, Andrea Mechelli, Martijn van den Heuvel, Rene S. Kahn, Philip McGuire, Michael Brammer, Edward T. Bullmore
Summary: Machine learning algorithms can accurately distinguish cases with psychotic disorders from healthy controls based on functional MRI connectivity data, with a high accuracy rate. The diagnostic connectivity features in functional MRI mapping can replicate and predict differences between cases and controls, as well as predict probabilities of psychosis in siblings, highlighting abnormal network development in psychosis.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Kerem Boge, David J. Hallford, Matthias Pillny
Summary: The relationship between mindfulness, psychological flexibility (PF), and psychopathology in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) is not clear. A study with 43 participants with SSD and 43 controls found that SSD patients had lower mindfulness and PF. Mindfulness was associated with higher PS, anticipatory pleasure, behavioral activation, and lower depressive and negative symptoms. PS was associated with lower depressive and negative symptoms and higher anticipatory pleasure and behavioral activation. The findings suggest that targeting mindfulness and PF may help alleviate the amotivational psychopathology seen in SSD.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Zhijun Li, Xinwei Li, Mengdi Jin, Yang Liu, Yang He, Ningning Jia, Xingyao Cui, Yane Liu, Guoyan Hu, Qiong Yu
Summary: This study identified 15 key genes potentially associated with schizophrenia through analyzing multiple gene expression datasets using various bioinformatics algorithms. The study also found correlations between the expression of these hub genes and immune infiltrating cells. Furthermore, a risk prediction model based on these genes and immune cells achieved high accuracy in early diagnosis of schizophrenia.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Bochao Danae Lin, Jentien M. Vermeulen, K. Bolhuis, Xiao Chang, Frederike Schirmbeck, Kristel R. van Eijk, Sinan Guloksuz, Matthijs Blankers, W. van den Brink, Lieuwe de Haan, Jurjen J. Luykx
Summary: In this six-year prospective cohort study, researchers investigated the relationship between smoking behavior polygenic scores (PRS) and psychosis. They found that smoking initiation and age at regular smoking initiation were associated with various symptom dimensions of schizophrenia. However, these associations were only observed in unaffected siblings and healthy controls, not in patients. The findings suggest that other genetic risk factors may play a dominant role in patients.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Hooriyah S. Rizavi, Kayla A. Chase, Chunyu Liu, Hannah Gavin, Cherise Rosen, Cuihua Xia, Alessandro Guidotti, Rajiv P. Sharma
Summary: This study generated an epigenomic map of postmortem brain tissue from individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia, revealing over 150 significantly differential promoter sites compared to controls. The differentially occupied sites were associated with genes related to postsynaptic proteins, processing enzymes, and cadherin family genes. Additionally, the study found a positive correlation between chromatin modification levels and mRNA expression levels in selected genes.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
S. Andrea Wijtenburg, Min Wang, Stephanie A. Korenic, Shuo Chen, Peter B. Barker, Laura M. Rowland
Summary: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies in schizophrenia have revealed altered GABAergic, glutamatergic, and bioenergetic pathways, with multi-region differences observed between subjects with schizophrenia, first-degree relatives, and healthy controls using 7T MRS. These differences suggest potential genetic vulnerability and evolution with illness duration, not solely attributed to antipsychotic interventions.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Cui Yang, Xiaofeng Hou, Xiucheng Ma, Dongmei Wu
Summary: This study aimed to understand frailty and its influencing factors in inpatients with Schizophrenia in Chengdu and to explore correlations between frailty and quality of life. A total of 556 hospitalized patients with Schizophrenia were included and divided into three groups according to the degree of frailty. The results showed that frailty was prevalent and positively correlated with quality of life in inpatients with Schizophrenia.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Hidekazu Kato, Hiroki Kimura, Itaru Kushima, Nagahide Takahashi, Branko Aleksic, Norio Ozaki
Summary: Schizophrenia is a complex and chronic psychiatric disorder with a high heritability. Despite the lack of diagnostic tests or biomarkers, genetic research has made significant progress in our understanding of the genetic architecture of schizophrenia, including rare copy number variations (CNVs), rare single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), and common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These genetic variants play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. New approaches such as CRISPR-based genetics and induced pluripotent stem cell technology can help further study the functional analysis of these variants. These advancements will contribute to the development of pathology-based therapeutics and a better understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
K. Suzuki, N. Nishio, H. Kimura, T. Tokura, S. Kishi, N. Ozaki, Y. Fujimoto, M. Sone
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the changes in quality of life and psychological distress in patients with tongue cancer undergoing different surgeries. The results showed that patients who underwent total/subtotal glossectomy (TG) had worse general health and social functioning, as well as higher levels of depression, compared to those who underwent extended hemiglossectomy (HG) with free flap transfer. This suggests that patients in the TG group may experience social isolation and psychological distress even 12 months after surgery, while patients in the HG group had similar outcomes to the general population.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rinako Tanaka, Jingzhu Liao, Kazuhiro Hada, Daisuke Mori, Taku Nagai, Tetsuo Matsuzaki, Toshitaka Nabeshima, Kozo Kaibuchi, Norio Ozaki, Hiroyuki Mizoguchi, Kiyofumi Yamada
Summary: Copy-number variations in the ARHGAP10 gene are associated with schizophrenia. Model mice with double-hit mutations in the Arhgap10 gene exhibit schizophrenia-like symptoms, such as altered spine density and cognitive dysfunction. The study found that the activation of the RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling pathway is involved in these symptoms. Fasudil, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, can ameliorate the symptoms in the model mice.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Shusei Arafuka, Hirotaka Sekiguchi, Hiroshige Fujishiro, Shuji Iritani, Youta Torii, Chikako Habuchi, Mari Yoshida, Yasushi Iwasaki, Norio Ozaki, Kiyoshi Fujita
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Shuhei Wada, Kunihiro Iwamoto, Hiroki Okumura, Hirotake Hida, Shuichi Hiraoka, Aya Kamei, Daisuke Mori, Kiyofumi Yamada, Norio Ozaki
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the effect of D-sorbitol on the bitter taste of asenapine in patients with schizophrenia. Participants will rinse their mouths with different liquids and complete questionnaires to assess taste changes and willingness to continue asenapine. The findings will provide evidence on the efficacy of D-sorbitol in improving adherence to asenapine.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Noriko Miyake, Yoshinori Tsurusaki, Ryoko Fukai, Itaru Kushima, Nobuhiko Okamoto, Kei Ohashi, Kazuhiko Nakamura, Ryota Hashimoto, Yoko Hiraki, Shuraku Son, Mitsuhiro Kato, Yasunari Sakai, Hitoshi Osaka, Kimiko Deguchi, Toyojiro Matsuishi, Saoko Takeshita, Aviva Fattal-Valevski, Nina Ekhilevitch, Jun Tohyama, Patrick Yap, Wee Teik Keng, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Keiyo Takubo, Takashi Okada, Shinji Saitoh, Yuka Yasuda, Toshiya Murai, Kazuyuki Nakamura, Shouichi Ohga, Ayumi Matsumoto, Ken Inoue, Tomoko Saikusa, Tova Hershkovitz, Yu Kobayashi, Mako Morikawa, Aiko Ito, Toshiro Hara, Yota Uno, Chizuru Seiwa, Kanako Ishizuka, Emi Shirahata, Atsushi Fujita, Eriko Koshimizu, Satoko Miyatake, Atsushi Takata, Takeshi Mizuguchi, Norio Ozaki, Naomichi Matsumoto
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. By analyzing 405 ASD patients, researchers identified disease-causing single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), small insertions and deletions (indels), and copy number variations (CNVs) for molecular diagnoses. They achieved a molecular diagnosis in 16.3% of the patients and found a higher diagnostic rate in females and in simplex cases compared to multiplex families.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takahiro Ito, Mikio Yoshida, Tomomi Aida, Itaru Kushima, Yuka Hiramatsu, Maiko Ono, Akira Yoshimi, Kohichi Tanaka, Norio Ozaki, Yukihiro Noda
Summary: Astrotactin2 (ASTN2) regulates neuronal migration and synaptic strength through the trafficking and degradation of surface proteins. Deletion of ASTN2 has been found in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. ASTN2-deficient mice showed increased exploratory activity and social behavior, or decreased despair-, anxiety-like behaviors. These behavioral abnormalities were partially attenuated by risperidone, but not by haloperidol. Dopamine contents were decreased in the striatum, and serotonin or dopamine turnover were increased in multiple brain regions of Astn2 KO mice. Morphological analyses revealed thinning of neural cell layers in the hippocampus, reduction of neural cell bodies in the prefrontal cortex, and decrease in spine density and PSD95 protein in both tissues. ASTN2 deficiency may contribute to the pathogenic mechanism and symptom onset of mental disorders.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Yuko Arioka, Hiroki Okumura, Hideya Sakaguchi, Norio Ozaki
Summary: Mental disorders have a significant impact on patients' quality of life and cause serious social burdens. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has emerged as a novel tool for research on mental disorders, addressing the limitations of other research approaches. This review discusses the history, current trends, potential, and future of iPSC technology in the field of mental disorders.
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Norio Ozaki, Teiji Kimura, Tetsuro Kikuchi, Takeo Ishiyama
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Masaya Ogasawara, Masahiro Takeshima, Shumpei Kosaka, Aya Imanishi, Yu Itoh, Dai Fujiwara, Kazuhisa Yoshizawa, Norio Ozaki, Kazuyuki Nakagome, Kazuo Mishima
Summary: This study tested the performance of three sleep-tracking devices against polysomnography (PSG) in patients with psychiatric disorders. The results showed that the portable EEG device (Sleepgraph) had the best sleep stage-tracking performance, while the consumer sleep device (Fitbit Sense) exhibited poor sleep stage-tracking performance in patients with psychiatric disorders.
NATURE AND SCIENCE OF SLEEP
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Azmeraw T. Amare, Anbupalam Thalamuthu, Klaus Oliver Schubert, Janice M. Fullerton, Muktar Ahmed, Simon Hartmann, Sergi Papiol, Urs Heilbronner, Franziska Degenhardt, Fasil Tekola-Ayele, Liping Hou, Yi-Hsiang Hsu, Tatyana Shekhtman, Mazda Adli, Nirmala Akula, Kazufumi Akiyama, Raffaella Ardau, Barbara Arias, Jean-Michel Aubry, Roland Hasler, Helene Richard-Lepouriel, Nader Perroud, Lena Backlund, Abesh Kumar Bhattacharjee, Frank Bellivier, Antonio Benabarre, Susanne Bengesser, Joanna M. Biernacka, Armin Birner, Cynthia Marie-Claire, Pablo Cervantes, Hsi-Chung Chen, Caterina Chillotti, Sven Cichon, Cristiana Cruceanu, Piotr M. Czerski, Nina Dalkner, Maria Del Zompo, J. Raymond DePaulo, Bruno etain, Stephane Jamain, Peter Falkai, Andreas J. Forstner, Louise Frisen, Mark A. Frye, Sebastien Gard, Julie S. Garnham, Fernando S. Goes, Maria Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, Andreas J. Fallgatter, Sophia Stegmaier, Thomas Ethofer, Silvia Biere, Kristiyana Petrova, Ceylan Schuster, Kristina Adorjan, Monika Budde, Maria Heilbronner, Janos L. Kalman, Mojtaba Oraki Kohshour, Daniela Reich-Erkelenz, Sabrina K. Schaupp, Eva C. Schulte, Fanny Senner, Thomas Vogl, Ion-George Anghelescu, Volker Arolt, Udo Dannlowski, Detlef Dietrich, Christian Figge, Markus Jaeger, Fabian U. Lang, Georg Juckel, Carsten Konrad, Jens Reimer, Max Schmauss, Andrea Schmitt, Carsten Spitzer, Martin von Hagen, Jens Wiltfang, Joerg Zimmermann, Till F. M. Andlauer, Andre Fischer, Felix Bermpohl, Philipp Ritter, Silke Matura, Anna Gryaznova, Irina Falkenberg, Cueneyt Yildiz, Tilo Kircher, Julia Schmidt, Marius Koch, Kathrin Gade, Sarah Trost, Ida S. Haussleiter, Martin Lambert, Anja C. Rohenkohl, Vivien Kraft, Paul Grof, Ryota Hashimoto, Joanna Hauser, Stefan Herms, Per Hoffmann, Esther Jimenez, Jean-Pierre Kahn, Layla Kassem, Po-Hsiu Kuo, Tadafumi Kato, John Kelsoe, Sarah Kittel-Schneider, Ewa Ferensztajn-Rochowiak, Barbara Koenig, Ichiro Kusumi, Gonzalo Laje, Mikael Landen, Catharina Lavebratt, Marion Leboyer, Susan G. Leckband, Alfonso Tortorella, Mirko Manchia, Lina Martinsson, Michael J. McCarthy, Susan McElroy, Francesc Colom, Vincent Millischer, Marina Mitjans, Francis M. Mondimore, Palmiero Monteleone, Caroline M. Nievergelt, Markus M. Noethen, Tomas Novak, Claire O'Donovan, Norio Ozaki, Andrea Pfennig, Claudia Pisanu, James B. Potash, Andreas Reif, Eva Reininghaus, Guy A. Rouleau, Janusz K. Rybakowski, Martin Schalling, Peter R. Schofield, Barbara W. Schweizer, Giovanni Severino, Paul D. Shilling, Katzutaka Shimoda, Christian Simhandl, Claire M. Slaney, Alessio Squassina, Thomas Stamm, Pavla Stopkova, Mario Maj, Gustavo Turecki, Eduard Vieta, Julia Veeh, Stephanie H. Witt, Adam Wright, Peter P. Zandi, Philip B. Mitchell, Michael Bauer, Martin Alda, Marcella Rietschel, Francis J. McMahon, Thomas G. Schulze, Scott R. Clark, Bernhard T. Baune
Summary: A polygenic score (Li-PGS(+)) for lithium treatment response in bipolar disorder patients was developed in this study. Li-PGS(+) was found to be positively associated with lithium treatment response. Gene-based analysis also identified 36 candidate genes related to lithium's molecular mechanism.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naohiro Okada, Masaki Fukunaga, Kenichiro Miura, Kiyotaka Nemoto, Junya Matsumoto, Naoki Hashimoto, Masahiro Kiyota, Kentaro Morita, Daisuke Koshiyama, Kazutaka Ohi, Tsutomu Takahashi, Michihiko Koeda, Hidenaga Yamamori, Michiko Fujimoto, Yuka Yasuda, Naomi Hasegawa, Hisashi Narita, Satoshi Yokoyama, Ryo Mishima, Takahiko Kawashima, Yuko Kobayashi, Daiki Sasabayashi, Kenichiro Harada, Maeri Yamamoto, Yoji Hirano, Takashi Itahashi, Masahito Nakataki, Ryu-ichiro Hashimoto, Khin K. Tha, Shinsuke Koike, Toshio Matsubara, Go Okada, Theo G. M. van Erp, Neda Jahanshad, Reiji Yoshimura, Osamu Abe, Toshiaki Onitsuka, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Koji Matsuo, Hidenori Yamasue, Yasumasa Okamoto, Michio Suzuki, Jessica A. Turner, Paul M. Thompson, Norio Ozaki, Kiyoto Kasai, Ryota Hashimoto
Summary: This article discusses the difficulties in differential diagnosis in practical psychiatric settings and the prospect of creating a novel diagnostic system using objective biomarkers. Neuroimaging studies have shown that subcortical brain structures are associated with various psycho-behavioral functions, but there are currently no neuroimaging data-driven clinical criteria that can overcome the limitations of the current diagnostic system in reflecting cognitive/social functioning. The authors conducted a large-scale study and found volumetric and lateralization alterations in several psychiatric disorders, which were associated with cognitive/social functioning.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Seiko Miyata, Kunihiro Iwamoto, Norio Ozaki
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Seiko Miyata, Kunihiro Iwamoto, Ippei Okada, Akihiro Fujimoto, Yuki Kogo, Manabu Amano, Nao Matsuyama, Norio Ozaki
Article
Optics
G. Cristoforetti, P. Koester, S. Atzeni, D. Batani, S. Fujioka, Y. Hironaka, S. Huller, T. Idesaka, K. Katagiri, K. Kawasaki, R. Kodama, D. Mancelli, Ph. Nicolai, N. Ozaki, A. Schiavi, K. Shigemori, R. Takizawa, T. Tamagawa, D. Tanaka, A. Tentori, Y. Umeda, A. Yogo, L. A. Gizzi
Summary: The interaction between laser and plasma as well as the generation of hot electrons were studied in an experiment relevant to direct-drive inertial confinement fusion. High-energy electrons with temperatures of 20-50 keV were mainly produced by the damping of electron plasma waves driven by two-plasmon decay (TPD). Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) was observed in a near-threshold growth regime and described by an analytical model, indicating a more vigorous growth driven by multiple beams compared to single-beam laser intensity.
HIGH POWER LASER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)