Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bingxu Liu, Haoyu Chen, Jiupeng Cao, Xianglin Chen, Jiankai Xie, Yuting Shu, Feng Yan, Wei Huang, Tianshi Qin
Summary: In this work, an effective strategy to achieve efficient and stable mixed Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is introduced by using imidazole derivative 2-(Aminomethyl)imidazole dihydrochloride (2-AD) to suppress the oxidation of Sn2+ and improve the perovskite film quality. The optimized devices show high power conversion efficiency and outstanding long-term illumination stability.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nabin Ghimire, Ashim Gurung, Raja Sekhar Bobba, Khan Mamun Reza, Buddhi Sagar Lamsal, Md Ashiqur Rahman Laskar, Jyotshna Pokharel, Wei He, Abiral Baniya, Yue Zhou, Quinn Qiao
Summary: By inserting a thin layer of hydrophobic PTAA as an intermediary layer in the charge interface layer of Pb-Sn-mixed low-bandgap perovskite solar cells, the photovoltaic parameters can be improved. The introduction of PTAA layer acts as a protective layer and reduces interfacial defects, leading to an increase in grain size and a decrease in grain boundaries, thereby enhancing charge collection efficiency and power conversion efficiency.
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hyemin Lee, Seok Beom Kang, Sangwook Lee, Kai Zhu, Dong Hoe Kim
Summary: Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites, specifically Sn-Pb mixed perovskites, have shown great potential for revolutionizing solar cell research. These materials have a suitable bandgap for high-efficiency single-junction and perovskite/perovskite tandem solar cells. Researchers have made progress in addressing challenges such as inhomogeneous thin film morphologies and oxidation of Sn2+. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the progress in Sn-Pb mixed perovskite solar cells and discusses future research directions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jincheng Luo, Rui He, Huagui Lai, Cong Chen, Jingwei Zhu, Yuliang Xu, Fang Yao, Tianshu Ma, Yi Luo, Zongjin Yi, Yiting Jiang, Zhiyu Gao, Juncheng Wang, Wenwu Wang, Hao Huang, Ye Wang, Shengqiang Ren, Qianqian Lin, Changlei Wang, Fan Fu, Dewei Zhao
Summary: All-perovskite tandem solar cells (TSCs) with high efficiency, low manufacturing cost, and flexibility are considered the next-generation photovoltaics. However, the performance of low-bandgap (LBG) tin-lead (Sn-Pb) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is relatively low, hindering their further development. This study demonstrates a carrier management strategy using cysteine hydrochloride (CysHCl) as a bulky passivator and a surface anchoring agent for Sn-Pb perovskite, leading to improved carrier diffusion and enhanced efficiency of 22.15% for CysHCl-processed LBG Sn-Pb PSCs when paired with a wide-bandgap perovskite subcell.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tingming Jiang, Xuehui Xu, Zeshun Lan, Zeng Chen, Xu Chen, Tianyu Liu, Siyuan Huang, Yang (Michael) Yang
Summary: Lead-tin alloyed low-bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are critical for all-perovskite tandem solar cells. While current high-efficiency Pb-Sn mixed PSCs typically contain over 30 mol% of volatile methylammonium (MA) cations, this study explores the use of MA-free compositions to improve the thermal and operational stability. By growing an ultrathin layer of phenethylammonium iodide (PEAI) on top of the MA-free FA(0.83)Cs(0.17)Pb(0.5)Sn(0.5)I(3)film, the researchers observed enhanced charge carrier lifetime, reduced Sn2+ oxidation, and improved electron transportation, resulting in improved efficiency and open-circuit voltage for the treated PSCs.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hongki Kim, Jong Woo Lee, Gi Rim Han, Yu Jin Kim, Su Hwan Kim, Seong Keun Kim, Sang Kyu Kwak, Joon Hak Oh
Summary: Efficient band bending and defect engineering at the interface between perovskite and indium tin oxide (ITO) were achieved using a binary additive system with CuSCN and GlyHCl in simplified HTL-free mixed Pb-Sn perovskite solar cells. The optimized band alignment with the addition of GlyHCl improved hole extraction efficiency, resulting in a high efficiency of up to 20.1% under forward bias without hysteresis.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jing Song, Tengfei Kong, Yang Zhang, Xufu Liu, Michael Saliba, Dongqin Bi
Summary: In this study, a reducing agent is introduced on the interface of Pb-Sn perovskite solar cells to address the quick crystallization and oxidation issues. The reducing agent effectively suppresses the oxidation of Sn2+ and improves the crystallinity and surface defects of perovskite. As a result, Pb-Sn perovskite solar cells achieve a champion power conversion efficiency of 21.3%.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Atefeh Yadegarifard, Haram Lee, Hae-Jun Seok, Inho Kim, Byeong-Kwon Ju, Han -Ki Kim, Doh-Kwon Lee
Summary: Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted widespread attention for their impressive optoelectronic properties, high efficiency, and low-cost manufacturing processes. However, the use of methylammonium (MA) in PSCs may result in poor thermal and atmospheric stability, limiting their potential for commercialization. This review focuses on mixed Pb-Sn perovskite solar cells that use formamidinium (FA) or mixed cations of FA and cesium (Cs) without MA, which show improved stability and suitable bandgap energies for solar cell applications.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhanfei Zhang, Jianghu Liang, Jianli Wang, Yiting Zheng, Xueyun Wu, Congcong Tian, Anxin Sun, Ying Huang, Zhuang Zhou, Yajuan Yang, Yuan Liu, Chen Tang, Chun-Chao Chen
Summary: A DMSO-free solvent strategy using N,N'-dimethylpropyleneurea (DMPU) is demonstrated to improve the performance and stability of Cs(0.25)FA(0.75)Pb(0.5)Sn(0.5)I(3) solar cells by suppressing precursor oxidation and uncontrolled crystallization. The DMPU-based solvent forms complete complexes with organic and inorganic components, leading to enlarged grain size and improved film crystallinity. The resulting Sn-Pb alloyed device achieves a record efficiency of 22.41% and exhibits improved humidity and thermal stability.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaodong Hu, Yongyan Pan, Jianan Wang, Zonghao Liu, Wei Chen
Summary: The degradation mechanism of Sn-Pb mixed perovskite films under different light/O2 and only O2 conditions and its relationship with energy disorder were investigated. A strategy of using NH4SCN as an additive for energy disorder regulation was proposed and proved effective in improving carrier transport efficiency and reducing energy disorder, resulting in enhanced performance of Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zihan Li, Zhen Chang, Kai Wang, Dongliang Bai, Lu Liu, Yang Yang, Le Wang, Shiwei Wang, Shengzhong (Frank) Liu
Summary: The addition of 4-hydrazinobenzoic acid as a reducing agent can suppress the oxidation of Sn2+ and passivate surface defects, leading to improved optoelectronic performance of Sn-Pb alloyed perovskites.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hang Hu, Somayeh Moghadamzadeh, Raheleh Azmi, Yang Li, Milian Kaiser, Jan C. Fischer, Qihao Jin, Julia Maibach, Ihteaz M. Hossain, Ulrich W. Paetzold, Bahram Abdollahi Nejand
Summary: In this study, two novel solution-processed fullerene derivatives were investigated as interlayers in narrow-bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs), with one of them showing the best performance. The interlayer reduced non-radiative recombination and enhanced charge extraction, leading to improved device performance. The authors achieved a respectable power conversion efficiency of 24.8% in a four-terminal all-perovskite tandem solar cell with the use of the novel interlayer.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhizhen Chang, Zhengjun Lu, Wei Deng, Yandi Shi, Yuye Sun, Xiujuan Zhang, Jiansheng Jie
Summary: Narrow-bandgap Sn-Pb mixed perovskite single crystals show great potential as photoactive materials for efficient and low-cost near-infrared (NIR) photodetectors. However, the phase separation issue during crystallization process leads to the degradation of optical and electronic properties. In this study, a low-temperature space-confined technique (LT-SCT) is proposed to reduce the crystallization velocities and create pure-phase (FASnI(3))(0.1)(MAPbI(3))(0.9) single crystals. These crystals exhibit excellent crystallinity, high hole mobility, and low surface trap density, enabling their application in self-powered NIR photodetectors with outstanding performance. The work contributes to the development of Sn-Pb mixed perovskite single crystals and offers a promising candidate for efficient and low-cost NIR photodetection.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lu Pan, Hui Li, Bohong Chang, Longwei Yin
Summary: This study proposes an efficient anti-solvent passivation strategy to improve the performance and energy conversion efficiency of tin-lead halide perovskite (PVSK) films. The experiment demonstrates that the MACl-assisted post-treated PVSK invert solar cells exhibit high current density and power conversion efficiency. This anti-solvent process provides a promising approach for enhancing the performance of solar cells.
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Shaoshen Lv, Weiyin Gao, Yanghua Liu, He Dong, Nan Sun, Tingting Niu, Yingdong Xia, Zhongbin Wu, Lin Song, Chenxin Ran, Li Fu, Yonghua Chen
Summary: The development of low bandgap tin-lead (Sn-Pb) mixed perovskite materials with high power conversion efficiency for solar cells faces challenges due to the instability issue of Sn2+ incorporation. Research into stability improvement through composition, additive, and interfacial engineering is ongoing to promote commercial applications of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Jiangzhou Wang, Jingfei Zhang, Binghui Liu, Ji Zhu, Jianhua Guo
Summary: The stochastic block model is a widely studied network model for community detection, but fitting its likelihood function on large-scale networks is challenging. In this article, the authors propose a novel likelihood based approach that decouples row and column labels, enabling fast alternating maximization. The method is computationally efficient and has provable convergence guarantee, and it is shown to provide consistent estimates of communities in a stochastic block model.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Jingfei Zhang, Yi Li
Summary: This article proposes a Gaussian graphical regression model to link graph structures to external covariates. In co-expression QTL studies, the method can determine how genetic variants and clinical conditions modulate network structures, and recover gene networks. The utility and efficacy of the method is demonstrated through simulation studies and an application example.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shengli Zou, Shengqiang Ren, Yiting Jiang, Yuanfang Huang, Wenwu Wang, Changlei Wang, Cong Chen, Xia Hao, Lili Wu, Jingquan Zhang, Dewei Zhao
Summary: This work presents a facile strategy of introducing 4-fluorobenzylammonium iodide (FBZAI) as additives into Sn perovskite precursor to modulate the roles of benzylamine and fluorine in Sn-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The incorporation of FBZAI enhances the crystallinity, passivates defects, and inhibits the oxidation of Sn2+, leading to improved charge transport and collection in devices. The best-performing Sn-based PSC with the FBZAI additive achieves a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.85% with enhanced fill factor and open-circuit voltage. The unencapsulated device also exhibits good stability with a PCE retention of 95% after 160 days of storage.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chunxiao Zhang, Chao Shen, Yingbo Zhang, Kaijie Zheng, Jihong Pu, Xudong Zhao, Xiaoli Ma
Summary: This study proposes a novel semi-dynamic fluidic window filled with ATO/water nanofluids to bridge the gap between dynamic windows and static windows. The research experimentally studied its performance and found that the spectrally selective windows have higher surface temperatures and longer delay time for indoor peak temperature compared to common windows.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xuening Lin, Yuhuan Cui, Shuang Hao, Hong Hong, Man Zhang, Jingdong Zhang, Ruonan Li, Mengyu Liu
Summary: Urban expansion has exacerbated the heat-island effect, but urban lakes can significantly alleviate this effect. The temperature of the lake is the main factor influencing the cooling efficiency, while the lake area and the distance to the city center are secondary factors. Lakes around the urban area have limited ability to absorb the high surface temperature caused by the heat-island effect, resulting in lower cooling efficiency compared to lakes in the main urban area.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wei Zhu, Jingchao Zhang, Jiawei Luo, Cuihua Zeng, Hai Su, Jinfeng Zhang, Rui Liu, Enyuan Hu, Yuansheng Liu, Wei-Di Liu, Yanan Chen, Wenbin Hu, Yunhua Xu
Summary: A high-temperature shock (HTS) strategy is used for the ultrafast synthesis of cathode materials in seconds, with an ultrahigh heating rate leading to non-equilibrium reaction and fast reaction kinetics. This method avoids high energy and long time consumption, and has successfully synthesized mainstream cathode materials with good electrochemical performance.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yi Wei, Ruibin Ding, Daji Huang, Jiliang Xuan, Hongliang Li, Jingjing Zhang, Xiao Ma, Feng Zhou, Jianfang Chen
Summary: The interannual sea surface temperature trend in the East China Sea (ECS-Kuroshio) differs significantly from that of the ECS-shelf region. Observational temperature data from 1982 to 2014 indicate that the upstream ECS-Kuroshio shows an opposite temperature trend to the downstream, creating a horizontal dipole structure. The variability in upwelling in the upstream ECS-Kuroshio is the main factor influencing this distinct temperature trend, which can be transported downstream through horizontal advections.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Jingjing Zhang, Yongjie Ye, Weigang Wu, Xiapu Luo
Summary: Payment channels are a promising solution to improve scalability in decentralized ledgers by enabling micropayments without involving the blockchain. This paper introduces a novel off-chain system called channel hub, which shortens the routing path for payment networks. Compared to existing payment hubs, channel hub is more efficient and lightweight as it connects already constructed payment channels within the network. The proposed protocol, Boros, ensures secure off-chain cross-channel transfers and is demonstrated with a proof-of-concept prototype.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DEPENDABLE AND SECURE COMPUTING
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yanlong Cao, Wenbin Zhu, Jiangxin Yang, Guizhong Fu, Dongyun Lin, Yanpeng Cao
Summary: Visual surface defect inspection is important for assessing product quality in various industrial applications, but it remains challenging to develop deep-learning-based approaches for industrial product defect inspection. To overcome this challenge, we propose a light-weight defect classification model based on pre-trained SqueezeNet architecture and introduce three effective techniques to achieve high accuracy with limited defective training samples. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of our method.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yanpeng Cao, Rui Liang, Wenbin Zhu, Bowen Zhao, Haotian Chen, Lingfeng Shen, Jiangxin Yang, Yanlong Cao, Jian Chen, Xin Li
Summary: This paper presents a complete framework for rendering and processing dynamic-excitation-based steady-state NLOS images. A virtual rendering pipeline is constructed to generate large-scale rendered images, and a physical hardware setup is built to acquire real-captured images. An end-to-end multi-branch CNN is proposed to reconstruct specular-reflected images of hidden objects. The effectiveness of the method is validated through qualitative and quantitative experiments.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhijian Liu, Jihao Wei, Guikai Zhang, Dewang Zhang, Jing Zhang, Weijie Yang, Chongchong Wu, Ian D. Gates
Summary: For human safety, efficient removal of formaldehyde in indoor environments is crucial. A metal-organic framework-based single-atom iron catalyst (Fe-SA) is proposed as a potential catalyst for formaldehyde oxidation. Through density functional theory (DFT) calculation, the adsorption characteristic and reaction path of Fe-SA with different coordination environments were explored. Fe-SA with 5-nitrogen coordination (Fe-SA-N-5-C) was selected and tested, showing a formaldehyde removal efficiency of 85.8% at 25 degrees C and 75% relative humidity, surpassing current data. Moisture was found to enhance catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde, indicating the practical applicability and stability of Fe-SA-N-5-C.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Yingbo Zhang, Junan Pan, Gu Gong, Renxuan Song, Ye Yuan, Mengzhu Li, Weifeng Hu, Pengcheng Fan, Lexing Yuan, Longlu Wang
Summary: This article reviews recent advances in the in situ surface reconstitution of catalysts for hydrogen evolution, focusing on the relationship between active site structure evolution and the self-optimization of HER activity. Various types of reconstruction are discussed, and future perspectives and outlooks are provided.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yuanfang Huang, Yiting Jiang, Shengli Zou, Zhihao Zhang, Jialun Jin, Rui He, Walter Hu, Shengqiang Ren, Dewei Zhao
Summary: In this work, the roles of three ethylammonium halides (EAX, X = Cl, Br, I) in Sn-based perovskites and solar cells were explored. It was found that the EACl-modified device achieved the best crystallinity, lowest defect density, and excellent antioxidant capacity, leading to a champion PCE of 12.50%. Furthermore, the encapsulated device showed excellent shelf stability and retained its initial efficiency even after 100 hours of continuous light illumination.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Haiping Xu, Wenqing Liang, Zhizhuan Zhang, Chi Cao, Wensheng Yang, Hongmei Zeng, Zhien Lin, Dewei Zhao, Guohong Zou
Summary: This work reports the synthesis of a new 2D perovskite, Cs2CdBr2Cl2, via hydrothermal reaction. By doping Mn2+ into the perovskite, a yellow emission located at 593 nm is obtained, and the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of Cs2CdBr2Cl2:5%Mn2+ perovskite reaches the highest value of 98.52%. Cs2CdBr2Cl2:5%Mn2+ exhibits near-unity PLQY and negligible self-absorption, leading to excellent X-ray scintillation performance with a high light yield and low detection limit. Moreover, combining Cs2CdBr2Cl2:5%Mn2+ with poly(dimethylsiloxane) achieves low-dose X-ray imaging with high resolution. The study presents a new approach to designing high-performance scintillators through metal-ion doping.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Feng Zhu, Jingjing Zhang, Xin Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a novel worker selection strategy called AgeSel, which utilizes the ages of workers to balance their participation frequencies, to improve communication efficiency and speed up the training process.
JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING
(2023)
