4.8 Article

Bioinspired, Tree-Root-Like Interfacial Designs for Structural Batteries with Enhanced Mechanical Properties

Journal

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
Volume 11, Issue 25, Pages -

Publisher

WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202100997

Keywords

finite element simulation; interfacial design; specific energy; structural energy storage

Funding

  1. AFOSR [FA9550-20-1-0233]

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This research develops a tree-root-like lamination technique that significantly enhances the flexural modulus of batteries while having limited impact on their electrochemical performance. Engineering interfacial adhesion is an effective approach to develop structural batteries with excellent mechanical and electrochemical properties.
Structural batteries are attractive for weight reduction in vehicles, such as cars and airplanes, which requires batteries to have both excellent mechanical properties and electrochemical performance. This work develops a scalable and feasible tree-root-like lamination at the electrode/separator interface, which effectively transfers load between different layers of battery components and thus dramatically enhances the flexural modulus of pouch cells from 0.28 to 3.1 GPa. The underlying mechanism is also analyzed by finite element simulations. Meanwhile, the interfacial lamination has a limited effect on the electrochemical performance of Li-ion cells. A graphite/LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 full cell with such interfacial lamination delivers a steady discharge capacity of 148.6 mAh g(-1) at C/2 and 95.5% retention after 500 cycles. Moreover, the specific energy only decreases by 3%, which is the smallest reduction reported so far in structural batteries. A prototype of electric wings is also demonstrated, which allows an aircraft model to fly steadily. This work illustrates that engineering interfacial adhesion is an effective and scalable approach to develop structural batteries with excellent mechanical and electrochemical properties.

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