4.5 Article

Path-enhanced explainable recommendation with knowledge graphs

Journal

WORLD WIDE WEB-INTERNET AND WEB INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Volume 24, Issue 5, Pages 1769-1789

Publisher

SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11280-021-00912-4

Keywords

Recommender system; Knowledge graph; Metapath; Recurrent neural network

Funding

  1. National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFB1404302]
  2. National Natural Science Foundation of China [62072203]

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This study proposes a novel model named PeRN, which integrates a recurrent neural network encoder with a metapath-based entropy encoder to enhance the explainability and accuracy of recommender systems, while reducing cold-start costs.
Recommender systems, which are used to predict user requirements precisely, play a vital role in the modern internet industry. As an effective tool with rich semantics, knowledge graphs have recently attracted growing research attention in enhancing recommendation results. By mining multihop relations (i.e., paths) between user-item interactions within a knowledge graph, implicit user preferences and other side information can be clearly revealed. Nevertheless, existing knowledge graph-based recommendation methods have two fundamental limitations. First, the indiscriminate utilization of user-item path sets conveys unclear information and negatively influences explainability. Moreover, obtaining reliable recommendation results with these methods requires large amounts of prior knowledge, which indicates that they show poor performance in terms of accuracy and handling cold-start issues. To address these issues, we propose a novel model called the Path-enhanced Recurrent Network (PeRN). Specifically, PeRN integrates a recurrent neural network encoder with a metapath-based entropy encoder to increase explainability and accuracy and reduce cold-start costs. The recurrent network encoder has a strong ability to represent sequential path semantics in a knowledge graph, while the entropy encoder, as an efficient statistical analysis tool, leverages metapath information to differentiate paths in a single user-item interaction. A path extraction algorithm with a bidirectional scheme is also proposed to make PeRN more feasible. The experimental results on two real-world datasets demonstrate our significant improvements with reasonable explanations, promising accuracy and a minimal amount of prior knowledge compared with several state-of-the-art baselines.

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