☆ 4.6 Review

Gastrointestinal mucosal immunity and COVID-19

WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY (2021)

Journal

WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY

Volume 27, Issue 30, Pages 5047-5059

Publisher

BAISHIDENG PUBLISHING GROUP INC

DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i30.5047

Keywords

Mucosa; Gut mucosa; Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Secretory immunoglobulin A; Gut microbiota

Categories

Gastroenterology & Hepatology

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Abstract

This review analyzes the role of the gut mucosal immune system in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and highlights the importance of immune responses in the treatment and prevention of COVID-19, suggesting that vaccines stimulating mucosal immunity may be more advantageous in combating the virus.

As the gastrointestinal tract may also be a crucial entry or interaction site of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the role of the gut mucosal immune system as a first-line physical and immunological defense is critical. Furthermore, gastrointestinal involvement and symptoms in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients have been linked to worse clinical outcomes. This review discusses recent data on the interactions between the virus and the immune cells and molecules in the mucosa during the infection. By carrying out appropriate investigations, the mucosal immune system role in SARS-CoV-2 infection in therapy and prevention can be established. In line with this, COVID-19 vaccines that stimulate mucosal immunity against the virus may have more advantages than the others.

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Letter Rheumatology

Higher risk of short term COVID-19 vaccine adverse events in myositis patients with autoimmune comorbidities: results from the COVAD study

Mrinalini Dey, R. Naveen, Elena Nikiphorou, Parikshit Sen, Sreoshy Saha, James B. Lilleker, Vishwesh Agarwal, Sinan Kardes, Jessica Day, Marcin Milchert, Mrudula Joshi, Tamer Gheita, Babur Salim, Tsvetelina Velikova, Abraham Edgar Gracia-Ramos, Ioannis Parodis, Albert Selva O'Callaghan, Minchul Kim, Tulika Chatterjee, Ai Lyn Tan, Ashima Makol, Arvind Nune, Lorenzo Cavagna, Miguel A. Saavedra, Samuel Katsuyuki Shinjo, Nelly Ziade, Johannes Knitza, Masataka Kuwana, Oliver Distler, Bhupen Barman, Yogesh Preet Singh, Rajiv Ranjan, Avinash Jain, Sapan C. Pandya, Rakesh Kumar Pilania, Aman Sharma, Manesh M. Manoj, Vikas Gupta, Chengappa G. Kavadichanda, Pradeepta Sekhar Patro, Sajal Ajmani, Sanat Phatak, Rudra Prosad Goswami, Abhra Chandra Chowdhury, Ashish Jacob Mathew, Padnamabha Shenoy, Ajay Asranna, Keerthi Talari Bommakanti, Anuj Shukla, Arunkumar R. Pande, Kunal Chandwar, John D. Pauling, Chris Wincup, Dondu Uskudar Cansu, Erick Adrian Zamora Tehozol, Jorge Rojas Serrano, Ignacio Garcia-De La Torre, Nicoletta Del Papa, Gianluca Sambataro, Atzeni Fabiola, Marcello Govoni, Simone Parisi, Elena Bartoloni Bocci, Gian Domenico Sebastiani, Enrico Fusaro, Marco Sebastiani, Luca Quartuccio, Franco Franceschini, Pier Paolo Sainaghi, Giovanni Orsolini, Rossella De Angelis, Maria Giovanna Danielli, Vincenzo Venerito, Lisa S. Traboco, Leonardo Santos Hoff, Suryo Anggoro Kusumo Wibowo, Stylianos Tomaras, Daman Langguth, Vidya Limaye, Merrilee Needham, Nilesh Srivastav, Akira Yoshida, Ran Nakashima, Shinji Sato, Naoki Kimura, Yuko Kaneko, Jesus Loarce-Martos, Sergio Prieto-Gonzalez, Albert Gil-Vila, Raquel Aranega Gonzalez, Hector Chinoy, Vikas Agarwal, Rohit Aggarwal, Latika Gupta

RHEUMATOLOGY (2023)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Clinical and Laboratory Manifestation of Gastrointestinal Involvement in MIS-C: A Single-Center Observational Study

Snezhina Lazova, Latchezar Tomov, Dimitrina Miteva, Iren Tzotcheva, Stamatios Priftis, Tsvetelina Velikova

Summary: This retrospective observational study analyzed the clinical data of 51 children with MIS-C and found that 90.2% of them had at least one abdominal symptom, with abdominal pain being the most common. The study also revealed that MIS-C patients with abdominal pain may have lymphopenia, neutrophilia, and higher levels of inflammatory markers. These findings provide guidance for pediatricians in the emergency department when encountering MIS-C patients with abdominal pain and evidence of recent COVID-19 contact or infection.

GASTROENTEROLOGY INSIGHTS (2023)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Anandamide is associated with waist-to-hip ratio but not with Body Mass Index in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Plamena Kabakchieva, Antoaneta Gateva, Tsvetelina Velikova, Tsvetoslav Georgiev, Zdravko Kamenov

Summary: This study aimed to determine the levels of anandamide (AEA) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and controls, and analyze its association with metabolic and hormonal disturbances in PCOS patients. The study found that AEA levels differed significantly in PCOS patients based on their body constitution type.

MINERVA ENDOCRINOLOGY (2023)

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