4.6 Article

Nanozyme-mediated elemental biogeochemical cycling and environmental effects

Journal

SCIENCE CHINA-EARTH SCIENCES
Volume 64, Issue 7, Pages 1015-1025

Publisher

SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1007/s11430-020-9756-5

Keywords

Nanozymes; Peroxidase; Nanominerals; Reactive oxygen species; Biogeochemical cycles

Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [41977271]
  2. National Key Basic Research Program of China [2020YFC1806803]

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Mineral nanoparticles with enzyme-like characteristics, known as mineral nanozymes, are widely distributed in natural ecosystems and have tunable catalytic efficiency and robustness to harsh conditions. They play critical roles in environmental biogeochemical cycles and have promising prospects for applications in various fields.
In Earth systems, thousands of terragrams (Tg) (1 Tg = 10(12) g) of mineral nanoparticles move around annually. Some mineral nanoparticles have exhibited unexpected intrinsic enzyme-like characteristics (so called mineral nanozymes), and is ubiquitously distributed in natural ecosystems such as the atmosphere, oceans, waters, and soils. Compared with natural enzymes, these mineral nanozymes have several advantages such as tunable catalytic efficiency and robustness to harsh conditions, e.g., heat, acid, and alkaline conditions. As mineral nanozymes are new products of multidisciplinary cross-cutting, they have been widely applied in various fields. This review, for the first time, systematically introduces the species and properties of mineral nanozymes in Earth systems, discusses the critical roles played by nanozymes in environmental biogeochemical cycles, compiles the interfacial processes and mechanisms of mineral nanozymes, and provides an overview of the future prospects of mineral nanozymes.

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