Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Gokul Sudhakaran, Sarvesh Ramesh Babu, Hridai Mahendra, Jesu Arockiaraj
Summary: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is caused by hormonal imbalance and hyperandrogenism. Animal models are commonly used to study PCOS due to their similarity to human PCOS, but the pathogenesis of PCOS is still unclear. Novel drugs from different sources are being screened as therapeutic strategies for PCOS and its symptoms. Simplified cell line in-vitro models can be used to preliminarily screen the bioactivity of various drugs. This review focuses on different cell line models for PCOS and its complications, allowing for preliminary drug screening before moving to higher animal models.
Article
Reproductive Biology
Batool Shahraki Mojahed, Mahsa Ghajarzadeh, Razie Khammar, Zahra Shahraki
Summary: This study aimed to compare depression, sexual dysfunction, and sexual quality of life between women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy subjects. The results showed that women with PCOS had higher levels of depression and lower levels of sexual function and sexual quality of life compared to the healthy subjects. Furthermore, there was a significant negative correlation between sexual dysfunction and depression, as well as a significant positive correlation between sexual function and sexual quality of life.
JOURNAL OF OVARIAN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Klara Beitl, Didier Dewailly, Rudolf Seemann, Marlene Hager, Jakob Buenker, Daniel Mayrhofer, Iris Holzer, Johannes Ott
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) are the two most frequent causes of secondary amenorrhea, and distinguishing between them remains challenging. A retrospective case-control study found significant differences in hormone levels and protein binding globulin between PCOS-D patients and FHA-PCOM patients. The authors proposed a model including serological parameters as a reliable tool to distinguish between the two conditions.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiao-lin Jiang, He Tai, Xuan-si Xiao, Shi-yu Zhang, Shi-chao Cui, Shu-bo Qi, Dan-dan Hu, Li-na Zhang, Jin-song Kuang, Xian-sheng Meng, Shun-min Li
Summary: This study found that CFDT can alleviate pathological damage and apoptosis in PCOS rat model. In addition, CFDT can improve ovarian function, reduce inflammatory response, inhibit apoptosis of granular cells, and inhibit the operation of ASK1/JNK pathway in PCOS rats.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Marissa Steinberg Weiss, Andrea Hsu Roe, Kelly C. Allison, William C. Dodson, Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Allen R. Kunselman, Christy M. Stetter, Nancy I. Williams, Carol L. Gnatuk, Stepanie J. Estes, David B. Sarwer, Christos Coutifaris, Richard S. Legro, Anuja Dokras
Summary: The study found a high prevalence of female sexual dysfunction among women with PCOS, but lifestyle intervention and the combined treatment of lifestyle intervention and oral contraceptive pills can improve sexual function in these patients, especially in terms of sexual desire.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Alexandra Dietz de Loos, Martin Hund, Katharina Buck, Cindy Meun, Johanna Sillman, Joop S. E. Laven
Summary: The study aimed to determine a cutoff for the Elecsys AMH Plus immunoassay to aid in PCOM diagnosis. The results showed that a cutoff of 3.2 ng/mL (23 pmol/L) demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for PCOM diagnosis, with consistent performance across different ages and PCOS phenotypes.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Yiyin Gao, Yinggang Zou, Guijie Wu, Lianwen Zheng
Summary: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common cause of infertility in women, affecting 5%-15% of women of reproductive age globally. Clinical symptoms include menstrual disorders, excessive hair growth, and obesity. PCOS can lead to serious complications such as endometrial cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Oxidative stress (OS) and mitochondrial dysfunction in granulosa cells (GCs) have been found to contribute to PCOS progression. This review aims to summarize and discuss the role of OS and mitochondrial dysfunction in impaired ovarian function and the development of PCOS.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Soumita Mandal, Pradip Mukhopadhyay, Sujoy Ghosh
Summary: The study found that sexual dysfunction is very common, affecting 90% of subjects with Sheehan syndrome. Patients with Sheehan syndrome had significantly lower sexual function scores compared to healthy controls, particularly in the areas of desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, and satisfaction.
ENDOCRINE PRACTICE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iason Psilopatis, Christos Damaskos, Nikolaos Garmpis, Kleio Vrettou, Anna Garmpi, Efstathios A. Antoniou, Athanasios Chionis, Konstantinos Nikolettos, Konstantinos Kontzoglou, Dimitrios Dimitroulis
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is strongly associated with ovarian torsion, which is a significant risk in patients with enlarged ovaries. The most common symptom is acute lower abdominal pain, and diagnosis usually involves ultrasound and CT or MRI scans. Emergency laparoscopy with ovarian or adnexal detorsion is the standard treatment, while ovariopexy or ovariectomy/adnexectomy may be considered for recurrent torsions.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jun-Hui Zhang, Lei Zhan, Ming-Ye Zhao, Jin-Juan Wang, Fen-Fen Xie, Zu-Ying Xu, Qian Xu, Yun-Xia Cao, Qi-Wei Liu
Summary: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinological disorder, and the etiology is still unclear. This study demonstrated that EGFR may play a potential role in the pathogenesis of PCOS, and the selective inhibition of EGFR could improve the ovulatory function of ovaries in PCOS mice.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Jun-Pu Yang, Amin Ullah, Ya-Nan Su, Antonia Otoo, Enoch Appiah Adu-Gyamfi, Qian Feng, Ying-Xiong Wang, Mei-Jiao Wang, Yu-Bin Ding
Summary: Glycyrrhizin can improve inflammation, glucose metabolic disorders, and ovarian dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) mice by inhibiting the expression of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). This study aimed to determine the impact of glycyrrhizin, an HMGB1 inhibitor, on glucose metabolic disorders and ovarian dysfunction in a PCOS mouse model. Glycyrrhizin administration reversed the increased number of cystic follicles, hormonal disorders, impaired glucose tolerance, and decreased insulin sensitivity in PCOS mice. It also reduced HMGB1 levels in the serum and ovarian tissues of PCOS mice. Glycyrrhizin restored the expression of inflammatory marker genes and pathways, while inhibiting the insulin receptor/phosphorylated protein kinase B/glucose transporter type 4 pathways in PCOS mice. Hence, glycyrrhizin shows promise as a therapeutic agent for PCOS.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Yuen-Fann Ng, Celeste Yan-Teng Chen, Gerald Teck-Heng Chia, Brendan Bryan Jen-Wei Tan, Ling-Ling Chan, Eng-King Tan
Summary: Sexual dysfunction is a common non-motor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD), affecting the quality of life for both patients and their partners. Factors such as advanced age, gender, hormone deficiency, neuropsychiatric and medical comorbidities contribute to sexual dysfunction in PD. Various therapies, both pharmacological and nonpharmacological, have been suggested to improve sexual dysfunction, with evidence-based treatment available for erectile dysfunction (ED).
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yasmine F. Ibrahim, Mohammed Alorabi, Walaa Yehia Abdelzaher, Nisreen D. M. Toni, Khaled Thabet, AbdelRahman Hegazy, Haitham Ahmed Bahaa, Gaber El-Saber Batiha, Nermeen N. Welson, Mohamed A. Morsy, Katharigatta N. Venugopala, Asmaa Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
Summary: The current study found that diacerein (DIA) can ameliorate letrozole-induced PCOS through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Caifeng Zhang, Dongling Yan, Xiaojing Wang, Dianchen Cheng
Summary: This study protocol aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in treating ovarian dysfunction in PCOS patients through systematic review and meta-analysis. The protocol includes literature search, risk of bias assessment, and data analysis using statistical software. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. This systematic review will provide evidence to determine whether glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are superior to metformin in the treatment of PCOS.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Qingjie Peng, Xiaojiang Chen, Xiaoxia Liang, Jiahui Ouyang, Qiangqiang Wang, Shuai Ren, Haibo Xie, Chunhong Wang, Yaqun Sun, Xin Wu, Hetao Liu, Changchun Hei, Miao Sun, Qing Chang, Xinrui Liu, Guangyong Li, Rui He
Summary: The study investigated the effect of metformin on PCOS using a PCOS mouse model and explored the mechanism of metformin in regulating PCOS mice through the ferroptosis pathway. The results showed that metformin not only improved body weight and metabolic disorders but also improved ovarian dysfunction in PCOS mice.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Min Min, Xiangyan Ruan, Husheng Wang, Jiaojiao Cheng, Suiyu Luo, Zhongting Xu, Meng Li, Alfred Otto Mueck
Summary: This study investigated the effect of orlistat combined with drospirenone/ethinylestradiol tablets (DRSP/EE) on visceral fat area (VFA) in overweight or obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The results showed that orlistat combined with DRSP/EE was better than DRSP/EE alone in reducing VFA, body weight, free testosterone, blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose in these patients.
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiangyan Ruan
Summary: Breast cancer has the highest prevalence among Chinese women with malignant tumors, with over 60% of patients being diagnosed during their childbearing age. The prevalence of breast cancer during pregnancy (PrBC) is gradually increasing due to delayed childbirth age, the use of assisted reproductive technology, and improved recovery for tumor patients. There is a lack of expert consensus or guidelines for fertility preservation in PrBC patients, highlighting the need for standardized recommendations.
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Jiaojiao Cheng, Xiangyan Ruan, Yanglu Li, Juan Du, Fengyu Jin, Muqing Gu, Qi Zhou, Xin Xu, Yu Yang, Husheng Wang, Alfred Otto Mueck
Summary: Co-transplantation of hypoxia-preconditioned human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HucMSCs) with ovarian tissue can improve neovascularization and subsequently increase follicle survival in human ovarian tissue. This has significant implications for ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Y. Wang, H. Tahiri, C. Yang, M. Gu, X. Ruan, P. Hardy
Summary: miR-181a inhibits glycolysis in TNBC cells by reducing glucose uptake and lactate production rates, potentially through interfering with the AKT3-HIF-1 alpha and PGRMC1 pathways, leading to decreased viability and migration of the cells.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
X. Ruan
Summary: This consensus aims to raise awareness among doctors of different disciplines about the importance, necessity, and techniques of ovarian protection for girls needing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Che Xu, Xiangyan Ruan, Alfred O. Mueck
Summary: Menopause not only marks the end of reproductive life, but also has associations with diseases like hyperlipidemia, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and breast cancer. Traditional epidemiological studies have shown that heredity plays a significant role in determining the age of natural menopause (ANM). Advances in genomic technology have enabled researchers to conduct genome-wide association studies, revealing that defects in DNA damage repair pathways are the primary genetic mechanism. Further genetic and epidemiological studies, including research on polygenic scores and genetic mechanisms, are needed to investigate the pathogenesis and mechanisms related to menopause and its associated diseases.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
X. Ruan, A. O. Mueck
Summary: Estrogens are listed as carcinogenic chemicals by the WHO, but additional factors are required for them to initiate replication errors and mutations. Estrogen metabolites can induce DNA damage, especially in polluted areas. However, transdermal estradiol treatment can mitigate these effects, particularly in smokers. Other factors such as nutrition, physical activity, and diseases also influence estrogen metabolism. The reduction of breast cancer risk shown in the WHI can be attributed to pro-apoptotic estrogen effects and certain protective metabolites.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yunchuan Zhao, Haipo Cui
Summary: When using braided dense-mesh stents to treat carotid stenosis, it is important to study the mechanics of the stents, their interaction with blood vessels, and the fluid dynamics in the blood environment. By designing different types of braided and laser-cut stents, simulations were conducted to analyze their bending behavior, deployment, and fluid dynamics. The results showed that braided stents had lower bending stress and better flexibility compared to laser-cut stents of the same size parameters. In addition, the implantation of a 24-strand braided stent effectively dilated the vessel and improved blood flow.
COMPUTER METHODS IN BIOMECHANICS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xuanxuan Tian, Xiangyan Ruan, Juan Du, Jiaojiao Cheng, Rui Ju, Alfred O. Mueck
Summary: This study aimed to investigate sexual function in Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) stratified according to four clinical phenotypes, and its association with clinical and quality of life parameters compared with healthy controls. The study found that women with the classical PCOS phenotype had a higher risk of sexual dysfunction. Psychological factors and hormonal characteristics, such as bioavailable testosterone, were negatively correlated with female sexual function. The study suggests that PCOS clinical phenotypes may be associated with the risk of female sexual dysfunction.
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lingling Jiang, Xiangyan Ruan, Yanqiu Li, Muqing Gu, Jiaojiao Cheng, Yuejiao Wang, Yu Yang, Che Xu, Zhikun Wang, Lili Liu, Alfred O. Mueck
Summary: This study established a cutoff level of 4.64 ng/mL for AMH in the diagnosis of PCOS in Chinese women and found that the combination of AMH and free testosterone improves the predictive value for PCOS.
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiangyan Ruan, Meng Li, Min Min, Rui Ju, Husheng Wang, Zhongting Xu, Suiyu Luo, Alfred Otto Mueck
Summary: This study investigated the levels of visfatin and apelin in adolescent girls with PCOS and explored their importance in glucose and lipid metabolism. The results showed that higher levels of visfatin were associated with insulin resistance and lipid levels, suggesting a possible protective role in certain stages of metabolic syndrome.
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jing Jin, Xiangyan Ruan, Lin Hua, Alfred O. Mueck
Summary: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) in Chinese women with follicular cysts and menstrual disorders and the relationship to hormonal markers. It identified a high prevalence of DOR, even in young women, and suggested that AMH can be a more sensitive marker for DOR compared to FSH and E2.
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jing Jin, Xiangyan Ruan, Lin Hua, Alfred O. Mueck
Summary: This study assessed the prevalence of MetS and its components in Chinese women with POI and found that they presented with more unfavorable cardiovascular risk factors, highlighting the importance of monitoring their metabolic profile.
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiangyan Ruan, Zhongting Xu, Xin Xu, Yu Yang, Jiaojiao Cheng, Suiyu Luo, Min Min, Meng Li, Luping Zhang, Rui Ju, Fengyu Jin, Alfred Otto Mueck
Summary: This study found that the use of Zi Gui Nv Zhen capsules (ZGNZC) can increase the fertility rate of Chinese women with infertility due to thin endometrium. Patients who received ZGNZC had a higher endometrium thickness and type A endometrium rates, as well as a higher pregnancy rate. The study suggests that ZGNZC can improve endometrial properties and proliferation, thereby increasing the chances of a healthy pregnancy.
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Xin Xu, Xiangyan Ruan, Rui Ju, Zhikun Wang, Yu Yang, Jiaojiao Cheng, Muqing Gu, Alfred O. Mueck
Summary: The expression of PGRMC1 is lower in AD and is associated with regulation of cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Overexpression of PGRMC1 significantly promotes endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE AND OTHER DEMENTIAS
(2022)
