Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Nicola Perra
Summary: Infectious diseases and human behavior are closely linked, with the outbreak of COVID-19 leading to significant behavioral changes. Non-pharmaceutical interventions have played a key role in combating the virus, prompting various societal processes to adapt. The availability of data describing behavioral changes induced by the pandemic has increased dramatically, providing opportunities for future research and challenges.
PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yannan Shen, Guido Powell, Iris Ganser, Qulu Zheng, Chris Grundy, Anya Okhmatovskaia, David L. Buckeridge
Summary: Measuring and monitoring non-pharmaceutical interventions is crucial, but challenging due to the need for clear definitions and encoding, collecting representative data, and accurately documenting timing of interventions. Integrating and triangulating across multiple databases is important, as well as expanding and funding public health organizations' mandate to systematically track interventions.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Sara Saadatmand, Khodakaram Salimifard, Reza Mohammadi
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on global health and infrastructure. This study examines the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions in managing the pandemic in Iran and predicts future waves of infection. The findings suggest that full lockdown and strict quarantine measures can effectively control the outbreak.
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xinbo Lian, Jianping Huang, Li Zhang, Chuwei Liu, Xiaoyue Liu, Lina Wang
Summary: City lockdown is effective in reducing new COVID-19 cases, and NO2 concentration is a useful indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of lockdown measures. Stricter lockdown measures lead to earlier decline in new cases and faster reduction in NO2 concentration. NO2 satellite observations are valuable for monitoring and managing non-pharmaceutical interventions during the epidemic.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Urban Studies
Hyungun Sung
Summary: This study explores how to effectively control urban vehicle mobility in terms of time, place, and strategies. The results show that national-level social distancing measures are effective for intra-urban vehicle mobility but not for inter-urban mobility. Sending emergency information via mobile phone can reduce vehicle mobility, except during morning peak hours. At the local level, restrictions on late-night transit operations and stricter social distancing measures are effective in reducing night-time vehicle mobility.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marius Kaffai, Raphael H. Heiberger
Summary: Governments worldwide employ NPIs to control the spread of COVID-19, facing the challenge of estimating impacts before implementation. This study in Germany uses agent-based simulations and SEIR models to analyze COVID-19 spread, finding quarantining infected individuals and utilizing home offices to be most effective NPIs. Education-related NPIs have limited impact individually but combined openings could result in significant case increases. Results also show varying effects of NPIs on different age groups.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Weiyu Luo, Wei Guo, Songhua Hu, Mofeng Yang, Xinyuan Hu, Chenfeng Xiong
Summary: The study analyzed the impact of Non-Pharmaceutical and Pharmaceutical treatments on the death rate during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the urgency to strike a balance between the two strategies.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Lara Marleen Fricke, Stephan Glockner, Maren Dreier, Berit Lange
Summary: The study found that non-pharmaceutical interventions for COVID-19 have an impact on global influenza burden, leading to lower estimates of influenza. However, there is high heterogeneity in some indicators, such as unclear results for syndromic indicators.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vesna Barros, Itay Manes, Victor Akinwande, Celia Cintas, Osnat Bar-Shira, Michal Ozery-Flato, Yishai Shimoni, Michal Rosen-Zvi
Summary: In response to the Covid-19 outbreak, governments worldwide have implemented non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to control the spread of the disease. This study presents a method to rigorously analyze the effectiveness of these interventions on the rate of reproduction number R-t and human mobility. The results show that all NPIs, except for mask wearing, significantly influenced human mobility trends, with school and cultural closures having the largest effect on social distancing.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Parthasarathy Suryanarayanan, Ching-Huei Tsou, Ananya Poddar, Diwakar Mahajan, Bharath Dandala, Piyush Madan, Anshul Agrawal, Charles Wachira, Osebe Mogaka Samuel, Osnat Bar-Shira, Clifton Kipchirchir, Sharon Okwako, William Ogallo, Fred Otieno, Timothy Nyota, Fiona Matu, Vesna Resende Barros, Daniel Shats, Oren Kagan, Sekou Remy, Oliver Bent, Pooja Guhan, Shilpa Mahatma, Aisha Walcott-Bryant, Divya Pathak, Michal Rosen-Zvi
Summary: The global pandemic of COVID-19 has led to significant changes in societies around the world, prompting governments to implement non-pharmaceutical interventions to slow down the spread of the virus. The Worldwide Non-pharmaceutical Interventions Tracker for COVID-19 (WNTRAC) is a comprehensive dataset containing over 6,000 NPIs implemented globally, aimed at providing valuable information for policymakers, public health leaders, and researchers in efforts to control the spread of COVID-19.
Article
Economics
Agusti Segarra-Blasco, Mercedes Teruel, Sebastiano Cattaruzzo
Summary: This study examines the economic responses to non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) for Covid-19 in 59 countries and finds that the level of economic support varies among countries. Additionally, the analysis evaluates if these responses differ based on the economic and sectoral context, showing the relevance of structural characteristics in the decision-making process.
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND POLICY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Joao Vasco Santos, Joana Gomes da Costa, Eduardo Costa, Sara Almeida, Joana Cima, Pedro Pita-Barros
Summary: A study conducted in Portugal during the COVID-19 pandemic found high levels of compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions, except for the use of contact tracing apps. Females and older participants showed higher compliance levels, while previously infected individuals demonstrated lower compliance. There were regional variations in NPI compliance and a clear association between compliance and levels of concern, perception of government performance, and agreement with the implemented measures.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Konstantinos F. Xylogiannopoulos, Panagiotis Karampelas, Reda Alhajj
Summary: The study found that early implementation of non-pharmaceutical intervention measures is very effective in controlling the spread of the disease, and the strictness of government monitoring of these measures also impacts the effectiveness of controlling disease transmission.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Xiao Zhou, Xiaohu Zhang, Paolo Santi, Carlo Ratti
Summary: Non-pharmaceutical interventions have become the primary control strategies in the global fight against the COVID-19 pandemic due to the limited effectiveness of vaccines and therapies against emerging variants. However, implementing strict interventions for an extended period has negative impacts on the economy. This study uses vector autoregressive models and causality tests to investigate the temporal dynamics and associations between policies, mobility patterns, and virus transmission, aiming to find optimal strategies that balance public health and socio-economic recovery.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Economics
Anne Fitzpatrick, Sabrin Beg, Laura Derksen, Anne Karing, Jason Kerwin, Adrienne M. Lucas, Natalia Ordaz Reynoso, Munir Squires
Summary: In African countries, early and consistent government provision of health information likely reduced the initial severity of the Covid-19 pandemic, but knowledge alone did not eliminate all risky behaviors.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR & ORGANIZATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Xiaofeng Li, Guohua Chen, Paul Amyotte, Faisal Khan, Mohammad Alauddin
Summary: This study aims to establish a method for quantitative evaluation of the vulnerability of storage tanks exposed to simultaneous fire and explosion hazards. The developed method considers the coupling effect of high temperature caused by fire and instantaneous strong impulse induced by explosion on the damage probability of atmospheric storage tanks. The results highlight that pre-fire exposure has significant effects on the damage probability and the scaled safety distance of the tank under subsequent explosion load. The proposed approach can be used for rapid quantitative risk assessment of domino effect involving the synergistic impacts of fire and explosion.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mohammad Alauddin, Faisal Khan, Syed Imtiaz, Salim Ahmed, Paul Amyotte
Summary: Data-driven models require high-fidelity data, but obtaining such data is challenging in complex chemical processing systems due to various factors. This work proposes a process dynamics-guided neural network (PDNN) model that incorporates process knowledge and improves generalization capabilities in sparse and low-quality data.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Esmaeil Zarei, Faisal Khan, Rouzbeh Abbassi
Summary: Human factors analysis has been explored from various aspects, but conventional techniques are incapable of addressing the challenges posed by emerging sociotechnical systems and AI-driven systems. This work reviewed the integration of artificial intelligence and expert systems into HFA, specifically focusing on machine learning, deep learning, and knowledge/data-driven modeling approaches. The study investigated the applications, contributions, challenges, and research gaps of HFA in complex systems, highlighting important concerns and the need for advanced approaches.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yanfu Wang, Tao Wang, Chen Wang, Faisal Khan
Summary: A computational fluid dynamics technique is used to model large-scale pool fires and investigate the effects of wind load and windshields. The impact on personnel is evaluated based on thermal radiation dose. It is discovered that the growing horizontal momentum of the wind load may result in fatal injury at a significant distance. Windshields have both positive and negative effects on large-scale pool fires by reducing injury distance and potentially blocking heat and smoke release. Different fire scenarios should be considered when installing windshields on offshore platforms.
PROCESS SAFETY PROGRESS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Uyen Dao, Zaman Sajid, Faisal Khan, Yahui Zhang, Trung Tran
Summary: Internal corrosion is a complex phenomenon that includes various corrosion mechanisms. A Dynamic Object-Oriented Bayesian network (DOOBN) model is developed to study the interactions of risk factors and assess the failure likelihood of pipelines. The model shows high accuracy in predicting the occurrence of under-deposit corrosion (UDC) and microbially influenced corrosion (MIC).
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Aghatise Okoro, Faisal Khan, Salim Ahmed
Summary: A tradeoff between cost and safety is essential in the reliability-based design of offshore support structures. This study proposes a dependence-based double-loop optimization framework for complex structural systems in uncertain harsh environments. It demonstrates the importance of multivariate dependence modeling and optimal copula selection, as well as the efficiency provided by the adaptive Polynomial Chaos Kriging (PCK) metamodel. The method described in this paper provides a road map for a dependency-based optimal design of complex ocean structures, allowing for strategic decision-making under uncertainty, considering cost and safety.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Xi Chen, Neil Bose, Mario Brito, Faisal Khan, Ting Zou
Summary: Autonomous underwater gliders (AUGs) are effective platforms for oceanic research and environmental monitoring. However, there is a risk of vehicle loss in complex underwater environments. This study proposes a copula-based approach for evaluating the risk of AUG loss, considering both dynamic environments and potential functional failures of the vehicle. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated through a case study.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mohammad Asif, Faisal Khan, Kelly Hawboldt, Shams Anwar
Summary: This work uses density functional theory to investigate the mechanism of H2S adsorption/dissociation on the Cr-doped Fe(100) surface. It is found that H2S is weakly adsorbed on Cr-doped Fe, but the dissociated products are strongly chemisorbed. The dissociation of HS is more favorable on Fe compared to Cr-doped Fe. This study also reveals that H2S dissociation is a kinetically facile process and hydrogen diffusion follows a tortuous path. It contributes to a better understanding of sulfide corrosion mechanism and its impact, thus aiding the design of efficient corrosion prevention coatings.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Vindex Domeh, Francis Obeng, Faisal Khan, Neil Bose, Elizabeth Sanli
Summary: A quantitative risk analysis approach is proposed to develop a tool for studying loss of stability aboard small fishing vessels. The tool, which incorporates Bayesian network and De Morgan gates, provides a probabilistic assessment of the risk factors responsible for loss of stability occurrence. It is an innovative tool that can proactively ensure the stability of small fishing vessels.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mitchell Huffman, Qingsheng Wang, Faisal Khan
Summary: As the human population grows, sustainable practices are necessary to protect the planet and preserve the standard of living. Frameworks like life cycle assessment and the triple bottom line provide approaches to quantify sustainability, but there is a need for additional considerations such as safety and interrelations between sustainability pillars. Existing sustainability metrics show inconsistencies in their results and imply the need for a comprehensive assessment that is interrelated and time dependent.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Uyen Dao, Rioshar Yarveisy, Shams Anwar, Faisal Khan, Yahui Zhang, Hai H. Ngo
Summary: This article proposes a Bayesian Network framework for studying corrosion in pipelines, specifically focusing on under-deposit corrosion and microbiologically influenced corrosion under deposits. By introducing the concept of effective corrosion rate, which combines susceptibility and corrosion rate, this framework can identify high-risk corrosion locations and assess the pipeline's vulnerability to deposit settlement. Four case studies demonstrate the validity of the framework.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaofeng Li, Guohua Chen, Paul Amyotte, Mohammad Alauddin, Faisal Khan
Summary: This study develops a model using Bayesian networks to simulate the impact of the synergistic effect of explosion and fire on the domino effect in petrochemical storage tank farms. It reveals that the synergistic effect has a significant influence on the domino effect probabilities. Installing water deluge systems and blast walls in the tank farms can effectively mitigate domino effects caused by the synergistic effect.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Md Shaheen Shah, Faisal Khan, Sohrab Zendehboudi, Mamudu Abbas
Summary: An innovative and comprehensive approach is developed in this research to analyze the optimization of oil production and associated risks in a shale formation reservoir using carbon dioxide (CO2) injection. By integrating a commercial simulator with a deep learning network and probabilistic method, the data-driven model predicts oil production enhancement and evaluates associated risks. The findings show that CO2 injection can achieve a maximum oil recovery rate of 22% of the original oil-in-place, but with risks in each cycle of operation. This study confirms that the introduced model can serve as a multifunctional tool for oil production optimization with a clear understanding of associated risks.
GEOENERGY SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Transportation Science & Technology
A. Sardar, M. Anantharaman, V. Garaniya, F. Khan
Summary: The maritime industry is essential to the global economy, handling about 90% of worldwide trade and employing over a million seafarers. However, the industry faces a high number of casualties due to human errors in decision-making. This study proposes an AI-based approach, using an Ant Colony Optimization algorithm, to design and validate standardized instructions for daily operational tasks. This solution can optimize task paths, provide clear instructions, and reduce human errors, contributing to improved efficiency in the maritime industry.
TRANSNAV-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON MARINE NAVIGATION AND SAFETY OF SEA TRANSPORTATION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Md. Tanjin Amin, Giordano Emrys Scarponi, Valerio Cozzani, Faisal Khan
Summary: This article examines the effectiveness and accuracy of threshold-based and probit-based methods in assessing domino effects. The results indicate that threshold-based methods are not suitable for quantitative assessment, and there are limitations in probit-based methods for time-dependent domino effect assessment. By utilizing site-specific structural response data and data analytics, a new improved time to failure prediction model is proposed, which demonstrates better performance compared to existing models.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xingxing Hu, Lingjie Liu, Yanmeng Bi, Lu Li, Chunsheng Qiu, Jingjie Yu, Shaopo Wang
Summary: In this study, the impact of exogenous folate on the start-up process of single-stage partial nitritation-anammox (SPNA) was evaluated using two lab-scale reactors. The results showed that folate addition can enhance nitrogen removal rate, extracellular polymeric substances production, hydrazine oxidase and dehydrogenase activity, as well as the relative abundance of Candidatus Brocadia.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shaocang He, Tingting Shen, Jing Sun, Haoqi Pan, Chenxu Sun, Tianpeng Li, Runyao Li, Enshan Zhang
Summary: A novel process of acid leaching neutralization was developed for the preparation of inorganic polymeric composite ferric aluminum silicate coagulant (CFAS) using solid waste coal gasification coarse slag (CGCS). The optimized preparation process was determined through single-factor experiment and the performance of CFAS was evaluated for domestic sewage treatment. The results showed that CFAS exhibited excellent coagulation ability and achieved significant removal efficiency for turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, and chemical oxygen demand.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kinga Szatmari, Sandor Nemeth, Alex Kummer
Summary: In this article, a resilience-based reinforcement learning approach is proposed to address the potential thermal runaway issue in batch reactors. By calculating the resilience metric for reactors and utilizing Deep Q-learning to decide when to intervene in the system, resilient-based mitigation systems can be effectively developed.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bingyou Jiang, Qi Yao, Mingqing Su, Jingjing Li, Kunlun Lu, Dawei Ding, Han Hong
Summary: This study investigates the inhibitory characteristics and mechanisms of ABC powder on coal powder explosion. The addition of ABC powder significantly decreases the maximum explosion pressure and can completely suppress coal dust explosions. The study also reveals the thermal decomposition characteristics and reaction kinetics of the mixed system.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kubilay Bayramoglu, Mustafa Nuran
Summary: This study examines the feasibility of using pyrolytic oil from waste tires as fuel in diesel engines, and evaluates its energy, exergy, and sustainability. The results indicate that pyrolytic oil has potential as a renewable fuel source with relatively high thermal efficiency.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xinru Duan, Yejia Lv, Jiaxing Hong, Jianzhong Wu, Jia Zhang, Yang Yue, Guangren Qian
Summary: This study successfully prepared a tube reactor with optimized catalyst formula, which showed good performance in removing dioxins and other pollutants in the experiments.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jiaoyang Du, Xueming Dang, Xiaorong Gan, Xin Cui, Huimin Zhao
Summary: In this study, a photocatalyst-enzyme hybrid system was constructed, which solved the issue of enzyme inactivation caused by high concentration of H2O2 through photocatalytic in-situ H2O2 production, and improved the stability and catalytic efficiency of the enzyme. The effectiveness of the system in treating phenolic EDCs was confirmed through experiments.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Fu-Rong Xiu, Longsheng Zhan, Yingying Qi, Xinyue Lei, Jiali Wang, Haipeng Zhou, Wenting Shao
Summary: This study developed a synergetic and high-efficiency treatment of waste tantalum capacitors (WTCs) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) using subcritical water process. The treatment significantly reduced the temperature and reaction time for metal tantalum recovery from WTCs, and improved the dechlorination efficiency of PVC. The optimized conditions resulted in 100% resin conversion efficiency of WTCs and 97.39% dechlorination efficiency of PVC. The interaction between decomposition products of WTCs and PVC produced a high level of benzoic acid.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bingda Li, Jiaming Song, Yuting Li, Chaoying Meng, Shuxian Wang, Linghao Zong, Honggang Ye, Yishuai Jing, Feng Teng, Peng Hu, Haibo Fan, Guangde Chen, Xin Zhao
Summary: CdPS3 nanosheets, especially those exfoliated by sodium cholate, have shown highly efficient photocatalytic degradation performance. The strong dark adsorption and dye-sensitized photocatalytic properties of CdPS3 nanosheets contribute to high degradation efficiencies of various pollutants.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dongxu Ouyang, Yimei Pang, Bo Liu, Zhirong Wang
Summary: This study investigates the thermal runaway features of lithium-ion cells under tunnel conditions, considering different states of charge and tunnel ceilings. The results show that the tunnel visibility is affected by the smoke generated during thermal runaway, and the shape of the tunnel ceiling influences the temperature rise differently.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)