Enhanced hippocampal theta rhythmicity and emergence of eta oscillation in virtual reality

Hippocampal theta rhythm is a therapeutic target because of its vital role in neuroplasticity, learning and memory. Curiously, theta differs across species. Here we show that theta rhythmicity is greatly amplified when rats run in virtual reality. A novel eta rhythm emerged in the CA1 cell layer, primarily in interneurons. Thus, multisensory experience governs hippocampal rhythms. Virtual reality can be used to boost or control brain rhythms and to alter neural dynamics, wiring and plasticity.

Automated summary

Hippocampal theta rhythm plays a vital role in neuroplasticity, learning, and memory, with variations across species. Running in virtual reality greatly amplifies theta rhythmicity and can even lead to the emergence of a novel rhythm, indicating that multisensory experience influences hippocampal rhythms. Virtual reality can be utilized to enhance or regulate brain rhythms and influence neural dynamics, connections, and plasticity.