Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Charitra Jain, Antoine B. Rozel, Jeroen van Hunen, Emily J. Chin, Antonio Manjon-Cabeza Cordoba
Summary: Geophysical, geochemical, and geological investigations have linked the stable behavior of Earth's continents to the presence of Archean cratonic roots, likely composed of melt-depleted peridotite. Dynamic models and petrological models offer insights into the formation of cratons, while global thermochemical models driven by gravity demonstrate a self-consistent way for cratonic roots formation to occur naturally.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geology
Keith Priestley, Tak Ho, Dan McKenzie
Summary: New evidence from seismic tomography indicates a unique mineral fabric in the thick mantle lithosphere beneath ancient continental cratons, shedding light on the formation of these structures. This mineral fabric, revealed through surface-wave tomography, suggests a vertical alignment of olivine crystals at depths of -150 km within cratonic continental-lithosphere roots, likely a remnant from craton formation. Geochemical and petrological studies further support the stability of cratonic mantle roots due to reduced density caused by melt removal at shallower depths. This seismological fabric at -150 km provides evidence of the shortening event that created the cratonic roots.
Review
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Masaki Yoshida, Kazunori Yoshizawa
Summary: The influence of the continental lithosphere and its root on the continental drift is crucial in plate tectonics history, with stability determined by the viscosity contrast between the continental lithosphere and the underlying mantle. Orogenic belts or suture zones surrounding cratons act as a buffer to protect cratons and ensure longevity. The presence of low-viscosity asthenosphere reduces basal drag force, contributing to the stability and longevity of the cratonic lithosphere.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES, VOL 49, 2021
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Labani Ray, Nishu Chopra, S. P. Singh, Sikha Hiloidari, S. Eswara Rao
Summary: Despite the scarcity of data on the thermal and physical properties, the study investigates the thermal conductivity of rhyolite samples from the Bundelkhand Craton in central India. The results provide important constraints for geophysical and thermo-mechanical modeling of rhyolitic terrains.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Grant Ferguson, Jennifer C. McIntosh, Oliver Warr, Barbara Sherwood Lollar, Christopher J. Ballentine, James S. Famiglietti, Ji-Hyun Kim, Joseph R. Michalski, John F. Mustard, Jesse Tarnas, Jeffrey J. McDonnell
Summary: This study estimates the total volume of groundwater in the upper 10 km of the Earth's continental crust, revealing that deep groundwater has a volume comparable to that of groundwater in the upper 2 km. These findings have important implications for water resource management and waste water treatment.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
T. McIntyre, K. Kublik, C. Currie, D. G. Pearson
Summary: This study utilized in situ methods to determine heat generation within cratonic lithospheric mantle peridotites. Results showed that unmetasomatized mantle has negligible heat production, while refertilized peridotites have slightly elevated heat generation. Typical cratonic mantle peridotites fall between these two bounds, ranging from 0.00004 to 0.006 mu W/m(3), producing lower estimates of lithospheric thickness compared to previous studies.
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Laura Petrescu, Felix Borleanu, Emanuel Kaestle, Randell Stephenson, Anica Placinta, Oleksandr Ivanovich Liashchuk
Summary: This study investigates the seismic structure of the Eastern European lithosphere and the transition from Precambrian to Phanerozoic Europe. The results show that the crust thickens across the Trans European Suture Zone boundary and the mantle is seismically faster beneath younger terranes. The Precambrian building blocks exhibit contrasting seismic fabrics, with the Baltic orogens characterized by uniform crust and the Sarmatia region showing alternating high and low velocity layers.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Thomas Duvernay, D. Rhodri Davies, Christopher R. Mathews, Angus H. Gibson, Stephan C. Kramer
Summary: This study examined the magmatic expression of mantle plumes in continental settings using 3D geodynamical models and found significant differences from those in oceanic environments. The interaction of mantle plumes with heterogeneous continental lithosphere leads to complex magma patterns, posing challenges in linking continental volcanism to underlying mantle dynamics.
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Andrew Birkey, Heather A. Ford, Page Dabney, Gillian Goldhagen
Summary: Studies have found complex layering within the mantle lithosphere of Australia, with the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary observed in the east but not in the cratonic core. Ambiguous phases were noted at stations in the western margin, indicating potential midlithospheric discontinuities or LAB. Multiple negative phases suggest a heterogeneous lithosphere.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Qiushi Yu, Jingqi Wang, Hui Tang, Jiaxi Zhang, Wenjie Zhang, Liantao Liu, Nan Wang
Summary: Roots are important for water and nutrient absorption in crops. Obtaining accurate root phenotype information is crucial for root phenomics research. The in situ root research method can acquire root images without damaging the roots, but soil shading affects the integrity. Therefore, there is a need to explore methods for ensuring accurate root identification and image reconstruction in situ.
Article
Agronomy
Satyasaran Changdar, Olga Popovic, Tomke Susanne Wacker, Bo Markussen, Erik Bjornager Dam, Kristian Thorup-Kristensen
Summary: This study used machine learning to investigate the relationship between measured square root of planar root length density (Sqrt_pRLD) at different soil depths and the uptake of isotope tracer (15N) and drought stress indicator (13C) in wheat. The results showed that deep roots at approximately 150 to 170 cm depth were most important for explaining the plant content of 15N and 13C isotopes.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sinan Ozaydin, Kate Selway
Summary: The formation mechanism of kimberlites is still unclear, but mantle metasomatism may play an important role. Using magnetotelluric method, it was found that kimberlites mostly ascend through hydrated/metasomatized lithosphere and diamondiferous kimberlites preferentially occur on moderately metasomatized lithosphere.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lin Wang, Yongxin Dai, Jinsong Zhang, Ping Meng, Xianchong Wan
Summary: Despite the importance of root hydraulics, there is limited research on the dynamic responses of embolism formation and repair in roots distributed at different soil depths and subjected to different water regimes. This study found that the vessel diameter, hydraulic conductivity, and vulnerability to cavitation were higher in deep roots compared to shallow roots and branches. The capacity for embolism repair was greater in roots than in branches, with deep roots relying on root pressure and branches relying on starch hydrolysis. The findings suggest a trade-off between conducting efficiency and safety in deep roots, shallow roots, and branches.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Enci Wang, Martyn Unsworth
Summary: This paper presents the first detailed 3-D study of the Alberta basement using the magnetotelluric (MT) method. It identifies multiple conductors in the crust and upper mantle, relating them to past tectonic events and kimberlite magmatism. The study also provides insights into the depth of the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary and the characteristics of specific geological features in Alberta.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Geology
Zheng JianPing, Dai HongKun, Xiong Qing, Cheng Ming, Zhou Xiang, Li YiHe, Liu WeiXian
Summary: The nature of lithospheric mantle is closely related to the origin and stability of continents and the evolution of habitable environment. Comparative studies on the melting condition and metasomatic history of cratonic mantle root with contrasting evolution paths are vital to reveal the fate of continents.
ACTA PETROLOGICA SINICA
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
A. -Bing Lin, Sonja Aulbach, Jian-Ping Zheng, Ronghua Cai, Jingao Liu, Qing Xiong, Shao-Kui Pan
Summary: The origin and evolution of the sub-continental lithosphere mantle in northeastern China remains controversial. This study investigates the petrology and composition of peridotite xenoliths from Jiaohe, and reveals that lherzolites were formed by adding clinopyroxene and spinel to the protoliths from reducing silicate melts, while harzburgites may have originated from a remnant, highly depleted mantle domain that interacted with oxidizing melts. This study provides important insights into the physico-chemical evolution of the lithosphere and understanding deep lithospheric behavior and plate convergence.
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Eva E. Stueken, Kristoffer Szilas, Vincent J. van Hinsberg
Summary: A newly discovered hydrothermal graphite deposit in Greenland displays low nitrogen concentrations, indicating an abiotic origin. However, high nitrogen concentrations found in graphitic metapelites suggest a possible link to biomass breakdown. Potassic silicates associated with graphite can thus serve as an indirect biosignature.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Nicholas J. Gardiner, Jacob A. Mulder, Kristoffer Szilas, Oliver Nebel, Martin Whitehouse, Heejin Jeon, Peter A. Cawood
Summary: During the late Archaean, the assembly and stabilization of juvenile continental terranes contributed to the emergence and deposition of shallow-marine sedimentary sequences. This study examines the formation of the North Atlantic Craton in West Greenland and investigates the timing of continental assembly, stabilization, emergence, and maturation. The geochemical data from zircon and monazite extracted from the Storo quartzite, the oldest mature metasedimentary unit, provide insight into the geological processes involved. The findings contribute to our understanding of the complex processes that led to the development of enduring cratons.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Huanxin Liu, Richard D. Ash, Yan Luo, Graham Pearson, Jingao Liu
Summary: Metal phases in NWA 12273, an ungrouped chondrite, provide valuable insights into the formation and evolution of primitive planetesimals. The metal grains in NWA 12273 have similarities with unequilibrated ordinary chondrites, indicating limited thermal metamorphism. The formation of metal phases in NWA 12273 is likely due to solid metal-liquid metal partitioning during partial melting, and the Hf-W model age suggests an older age compared to other chondrites and iron meteorites.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Lingyu Zhang, William R. Hyde, Christopher L. Kirkland, Yuesheng Han, Kristoffer Szilas
Summary: The exposed Archean continental crust in southern West Greenland is important for understanding the tectonic evolution of early Earth. This study provides comprehensive geochemical data for different types of volcanic rocks in the Bjorneoen Supracrustal Belt, Nuuk region, SW Greenland. The data suggests that the ultramafic rocks formed through fractional crystallization of tholeiitic basalt, while the andesites formed through mixing of basaltic and felsic magmas. These findings have implications for the geodynamic setting and magma processes on the early Earth.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Sheng-Hua Zhou, Qiao Shu, D. Graham Pearson, Dongxu Li, Yong Xu, Jingao Liu
Summary: Continental orogens involving subduction and collision are important for understanding the growth and transformation of Earth's continents. Mantle xenoliths from the Indochina Block, the Sukhothai Arc, and the Inthanon Zone provide samples of the lithospheric mantle, allowing us to study mantle processes during orogenesis. This study highlights the significance of integrated evidence from mantle xenoliths in constraining geodynamic processes.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Geology
Ronghua Cai, Jingao Liu, Yao Sun, Ruohan Gao
Summary: Trace-element anomalies, such as Nb-Ta-Pb, in the continental crust offer insights into its formation and evolution. A study found that the trace-element patterns in different layers of the crust exhibit strongly negative phosphorus anomalies that cannot be explained by mantle melting. By analyzing global arc magmas, igneous minerals, and deep arc cumulates, researchers discovered that the phosphorus deficit in the continental crust is related to an elevated Th/La ratio, which is best explained by the fractional crystallization of apatite during arc magma evolution. This understanding challenges the previous belief of the influence of subducted slabs on the crust's composition and highlights the critical role of apatite-bearing mafic cumulates in shaping the continental crust.
Editorial Material
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Peter B. Kelemen, Jurg M. Matter, Damon A. H. Teagle, Jude A. Coggon, Marguerite Godard, Katsuyoshi Michibayashi, Eiichi Takazawa, Alexis S. Templeton, Ken Williams, Zaher Al Sulaimani
Summary: This article provides a preface, which includes background information, a scientific overview, and an annotated bibliography of 63 papers published in the Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR) Special Issue on Ophiolites and Oceanic Lithosphere, with a focus on the Samail Ophiolite. The topics covered in the special issue include the formation and alteration of igneous ocean crust, subduction zone mass transfer, emplacement and evolution of ophiolites, processes of alteration and weathering of tectonically exhumed mantle peridotite, and the subsurface biosphere in the peridotite weathering environment. The bibliography is provided as a supplementary Excel spreadsheet with links to each paper, organized by topic but sortable by various factors.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Dongtao Xu, Zheng Qin, Xinqiang Wang, Jie Li, Xiaoying Shi, Dongjie Tang, Jingao Liu
Summary: New data from the carbonates and mudstones of the Gaoyuzhuang Formation in China reveal a significant oxygenation event in the early Mesoproterozoic, which may have facilitated the rapid evolution of eukaryotes.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Zhao-Xue Wang, Sheng-Ao Liu, Chun Yang, Ze-Zhou Wang, Jingao Liu
Summary: Diffusion-driven isotopic fractionation during crystal growth and crystal-melt interaction has important implications for understanding magmatic processes. This study reports the high-precision Zn and Mg isotopic compositions of Fe-Ti-Cr oxides and their host lavas in Cenozoic basalts from northeast China. The results indicate significant chemical disequilibrium between the oxides and their host magmas, as well as large isotopic offsets that cannot be explained by equilibrium processes. It is suggested that inter-diffusion between Mg and Zn during crystal growth and reaction with host magmas can occur, leading to strong Zn and Mg isotope fractionations.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Zheng Qin, Cuiping Wang, Wenjun Zhou, Huanxin Liu, Ruohan Gao, Jie Li, Jingao Liu
Summary: This study describes a novel alkali precipitation method using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) for the separation and purification of tungsten (W) in geological samples, simplifying the chemical procedure. The amphoteric character of W is utilized to separate it from matrix elements in alkaline conditions. Furthermore, TEVA resin is applied to further purify W for precise measurements, and the introduction of Na in the W analyte enhances the signal intensity. The results show that the method optimizes the experimental process and mass spectrometric analysis, providing accurate W isotope measurements.
GEOSTANDARDS AND GEOANALYTICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Pedro Waterton, Sarah Woodland, Graham Pearson, Simon Hansen Serre, Kristoffer Szilas
Summary: This article presents the high precision negative ion thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (N-TIMS) Os isotope measurement results for the DROsS isotope reference material (iCRM) to investigate the limits on the precision of TIMS-based Os-186/Os-188 results. The study highlights the inaccuracies in measured amplifier gain factors when using mixed arrays of resistors, and suggests that multi-dynamic Os isotope measurements could largely eliminate these uncertainties. The Os-184/Os-188 measurement results are the most precise yet, but the intermediate precision of other high precision Os isotope measurements does not significantly improve.
GEOSTANDARDS AND GEOANALYTICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Aliz Zemeny, Carson Kinney, Chris Yakymchuk, Hugo K. H. Olierook, Christopher L. Kirkland, Nicholas Gardiner, Kristoffer Szilas
Summary: This study focuses on the ultramafic bodies of the Archaean continental crust in southern Greenland, aiming to gain insights into the petrogenesis, metamorphism, and metasomatism of the early Earth. The research provides the first petrological dataset of the Miaggoq Ultramafic Complex, revealing its origin, metamorphic conditions, and cumulate processes.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Lingyu Zhang, Kristoffer Szilas
Summary: This study presents new petrological and geochemical data for the Narssaq Ultramafic Body (NUB) in the Itsaq Gneiss Complex of SW Greenland. The results indicate that the ultramafic rocks of NUB are not mantle residues, but instead represent crustal cumulates derived from high-Mg magmas.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yujian Wang, James E. Mungall, Jingao Liu
Summary: Understanding the composition and evolution of the upper mantle is crucial for understanding the Earth's geodynamics. Through a study of the Table Mountain ophiolitic mantle massif, researchers have found that the composition and evolution of oceanic basalts are influenced by various factors. Additionally, the presence of ancient melting signatures in the Table Mountain peridotites is significant in understanding the evolution of the mantle.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2023)