Journal
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
Volume 58, Issue 8, Pages 4178-4187Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02438-2
Keywords
COVID-19; Neuro-COVID-19; NF-kappa B; Cognitive impairment; Oxidative stress
Categories
Funding
- Research Manitoba Fellowship [1913]
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Foundation [1406-3216, 1410-3216]
- Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR) [PJT-162144]
- Alzheimer's Society of Manitoba
- Royal Canadian Properties Limited Endowment Fund [1403-3131]
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COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is highly infectious and leads to a wide range of neurological symptoms in addition to respiratory issues. Treatment strategies should focus on reducing the NF-kappa B pathway to mitigate the severity of symptoms.
The coronavirus disease that presumably began in 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has resulted in a pandemic. Initially, COVID-19 was thought to only affect respiration. However, accumulating evidence shows a wide range of neurological symptoms are also associated with COVID-19, such as anosmia/ageusia, headaches, seizures, demyelination, mental confusion, delirium, and coma. Neurological symptoms in COVID-19 patients may arise due to a cytokine storm and a heighten state of inflammation. The nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kappa B) is a central pathway involved with inflammation and is shown to be elevated in a dose-dependent matter in response to coronaviruses. NF-kappa B has a role in cytokine storm syndrome, which is associated with greater severity in COVID-19-related symptoms. Therefore, therapeutics that reduce the NF-kappa B pathway should be considered in the treatment of COVID-19. Neuro-COVID-19 units have been established across the world to examine the neurological symptoms associated with COVID-19. Neuro-COVID-19 is increasingly becoming an accepted term among scientists and clinicians, and interdisciplinary teams should be created to implement strategies for treating the wide range of neurological symptoms observed in COVID-19 patients.
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