Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Naresh Hanchate, Sudha Ramani, C. S. Mathpati, Vishwanath H. Dalvi
Summary: Biomass gasification is a widely explored research area for synthetic gas production. Dual fluidized bed gasifiers are a recent technology capable of producing medium heating value syngas.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
M. Suarez-Almeida, A. Gomez-Barea, A. F. Ghoniem, C. Pfeifer
Summary: A new approach utilizing concentrating solar energy and solid particles as thermal energy carrier and storage media for allothermal steam-gasification of biomass in a dual fluidized bed gasifier is presented. The study shows the significant flexibility provided by the separation and storage of char in the system. Results indicate the huge scale-up potential of this new solar gasification technology in the short to medium term.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Carlos Vargas-Salgado, Elias Hurtado-Perez, David Alfonso-Solar, Anders Malmquist
Summary: The current methods for designing fluidized bed reactors in gasification plants lack an integrated methodology to optimize all parameters, especially for small-scale gasifiers. This paper presents an integrated approach tailored for designing and sizing small-scale fluidized bed gasification plants.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
M. Suarez-Almeida, A. Gomez-Barea, C. Pfeifer, B. Leckner
Summary: A hydrodynamic model of a dual fluidized bed gasifier (DFBG) was developed and theoretically analyzed for performance in terms of solids circulation and distribution in the gasifier. The model was also extended to design a solar DFBG (SDFBG) using heated solid particles, focusing on the operation with high solids inventory and control of solids circulation. These analyses showed the importance of size of the gasifier, connection design between units, and solid circulation rate for efficient operation of the DFBG.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Fangjun Wang, Wei Zhou, Shiyi Chen, Lunbo Duan, Wenguo Xiang
Summary: This study investigates the performance of the calcium looping process for biomass hydrogen-rich gasification and carbon dioxide capture. It shows that dolomite as bed material has a more significant improvement in hydrogen production compared to quartz sand. Furthermore, a higher temperature in the riser benefits tar conversion, and an increase in solid circulating flux improves hydrogen concentration and yield while reducing tar content.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
M. Suarez-Almeda, A. Gomez-Barea, J. Salinero
Summary: This paper evaluates the design and operation of a solar dual fluidized bed gasifier (SDFBG) device for allothermal steam-gasification of biomass. Modelling is used to address thermodynamic, kinetic and fluid-dynamic issues, and the necessary modifications to the current state-of-the-art technologies are discussed. Two SDFBGs with different arrangements for integrating the solids carrying the solar energy are designed, and their operation under varying solar-external heat loads is assessed and compared. This work demonstrates the implementation and scalability of the technology.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tolu Emiola-Sadiq, Lifeng Zhang, Ajay Dalai, Regan Gerspacher, Bill Campbell, Richard Evitts
Summary: Gasification of soy hull pellets in a fluidized bed gasifier was investigated under different operating conditions to study the effect of various parameters on syngas quality. Statistical analysis and optimization techniques were used to determine the interaction between operating parameters and their impact on the quality of syngas. Results showed that temperature had the most significant effect on syngas quality, with higher temperatures favoring higher H-2:CO ratio and gas composition. The modified nature of the biomass allowed for high loading and increased gas yields. The achieved gas yields and carbon conversion were approximately 4 m(3)/kg and 90%, respectively, for different combinations of operating parameters.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Lukas Stanger, Alexander Schirrer, Florian Benedikt, Alexander Bartik, Stefan Jankovic, Stefan Muller, Martin Kozek
Summary: Dual fluidized bed steam gasification enables the production of valuable gas from woody biomass or biogenic residuals. Advanced control concepts, like model predictive control, are promising for improving process performance and efficiency. This paper presents a gray-box modeling approach, incorporating data-driven components, to obtain a mathematical description of temperatures and mass flows in the reactors. Artificial neural networks are used to model bed material circulation. Experimental data from a pilot plant validate the model's predictions for the dual fluidized bed gasification process.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Naresh Hanchate, Robin Malhotra, Channamallikarjun S. Mathpati
Summary: Biomass gasification is a thermo-chemical process widely believed to be the future technology for syngas production. Among various gasification systems, Dual Fluidized Bed (DFB) gasifiers have shown commercial attractiveness for producing hydrogen-rich syngas. The hydrodynamics in DFB gasifiers are mainly dependent on the Solid Circulation Rate (SCR), which is influenced by riser and recycle chamber velocities.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Feihu Fan, Min Zheng, Shiliang Yang, Hua Wang
Summary: The study uses the Eulerian-Lagrangian multiphase particle-in-cell approach to track the reactive gas-solid motion in the biomass gasification of a dual fluidized bed gasifier, demonstrating the accuracy and adaptability of the numerical model. It also investigates the gasification properties of biomass and the impact of operating parameters in the full-loop system. The results provide insights for further study of the complex dual fluidized reactor.
Article
Thermodynamics
Francesco Parrillo, Filomena Ardolino, Gabriele Cali, Davide Marotto, Alberto Pettinau, Umberto Arena
Summary: Air gasification tests were conducted in a pilot scale bubbling fluidized bed gasifier, confirming the technical feasibility of biomass gasification within a range of equivalence ratio and generating high quality syngas. Results support the implementation of reliable numerical models for fluidized bed gasifiers and optimization of design/operating criteria.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Praveen Kumar Ghodke, Amit Kumar Sharma, Arun Jayaseelan, K. P. Gopinath
Summary: The increasing global population growth, modernization, and industrialization have led to a significant rise in energy consumption, resulting in worsened climate conditions and greenhouse gas emissions. As a result, researchers are exploring eco-friendly and sustainable energy sources, with hydrogen (H2) emerging as a clean and carbon-free future energy carrier. Thermochemical routes and the use of lignocellulosic biomass have shown great potential for sustainable H2 production. This study provides an overview of advancements in gasification technologies, operating conditions, catalysts, and emerging technologies for improving H2-rich syngas production.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tolu Emiola-Sadiq, Lifeng Zhang, Ajay Dalai
Summary: The catalytic effects of alkali-based metal catalysts on biomass pellets were studied. Gasification experiments were conducted in a fluidized bed gasifier with the presence of alkali metal catalysts. The results showed that lower temperature and lower steam-to-biomass ratio led to increased tar yield, while the addition of catalyst significantly reduced tar residue. The results provide insight into the co-pelletization of catalysts during pellet production for improved gasification performance.
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Patrik Elbl, Marek Balas, Martin Lisy, Hana Lisa
Summary: The gasification process of sewage sludge and digestate was investigated in a pilot-scale fluidized bed gasifier. These by-products are commonly used as fertilizers, but their usage is restricted due to the presence of heavy metals, pathogens, and bacteria. Gasification of these by-products proved to be more efficient as the produced syngas can be used for combined heat and power generation. Analysis of the syngas and tar revealed that the gasification process can be operated at 750 degrees C without ash slagging, and steam addition improved the tar reduction.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Andrea Di Carlo, Elisa Savuto, Pier Ugo Foscolo, Alessandro Antonio Papa, Alessandra Tacconi, Luca Del Zotto, Bora Aydin, Enrico Bocci
Summary: Biomass gasification is an effective process to produce hydrogen-rich fuel from biogenic waste, with the dual bubbling fluidized bed technology enabling the separation of combustion and gasification chambers to achieve a concentrated syngas stream. A novel gasifier reactor was successfully designed and tested at pilot scale, demonstrating high-quality syngas production.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Ivan Sampron, Maria Teresa Izquierdo, Alberto Abad, Pilar Gayan, Juan Adanez
Summary: This study investigates the combustion and CO2 capture efficiency of coal and biomass using a magnetic Cu-based oxygen carrier. The results show that complete combustion of the fuel to CO2 and H2O can be achieved, with CO2 capture efficiency reaching up to 97% at the appropriate temperature.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alberto Abad, Pilar Gayan, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Luis F. de Diego, Maria T. Izquierdo, Teresa Mendiara, Juan Adanez
Summary: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is an innovative technology that combines fuel combustion with CO2 capture using oxygen carriers. This study investigated the performance of CuO/Al2O3 and Fe2O3/Al2O3 particles as oxygen carriers in a CLC unit, and developed a mathematical model to simulate their behavior. The model successfully predicted the combustion performance of these materials in both a smaller-scale unit and a larger-scale unit.
GREENHOUSE GASES-SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Tobias Mattisson, Marijke Jacobs, Juan Adanez
Summary: Chemical Looping with Oxygen Uncoupling (CLOU) is a technology that separates the oxygen for fuel combustion using an oxygen carrier in a fuel reactor. This study investigates the behavior of Mn/Mg/Si system as oxygen carriers for CLOU. The most reactive oxygen carriers without Si in the structure were found to be M24Mg76 and M48Mg51. These carriers showed good reactivity and mechanical stability in a batch fluidized bed reactor.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Amirhossein Filsouf, Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Teresa Mendiara, Alberto Abad, Juan Adanez
Summary: Chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) process utilizes two interconnected fluidized bed reactors, where Cu-based oxygen carriers containing a kaolin-reinforced MnFe mixed oxide as a magnetic support were prepared to improve their properties. The effects of kaolin concentration and calcination temperature on the carriers' magnetic permeability, crushing strength, attrition, agglomeration resistance, and reactivity were studied. Two oxygen carriers containing 28.5 wt% CuO-5 wt% kaolin and 30 wt% CuO-7.5 wt% kaolin, respectively, both calcined at 1100 degrees C, showed improved mechanical resistance and maintained their magnetic properties and reactivity.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arturo Cabello, Teresa Mendiara, M. Teresa Izquierdo, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Alberto Abad
Summary: This study investigated the use of a low-cost Fe-based residue as an oxygen carrier in the Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) and Chemical Looping Reforming (CLR) processes with biogas. The results showed that the methane combustion efficiency in the CLC process was higher (around 86%) compared to other low-cost Fe-based materials. The dry reforming of biogas in the CLR process achieved about 55% methane conversion and a yield of 1.3 mol (CO + H2)/mol CH4 for syngas production.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Margarita de las Obras Loscertales, Alberto Abad, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Juan A. C. Ruiz, Juan Adanez
Summary: The use of bio-ethanol in chemical looping combustion and reforming has the potential to produce energy and/or hydrogen, as well as remove CO2 from the atmosphere. This study examines the kinetics of ethanol conversion using a NiO-based material as the oxygen carrier. Experiment results suggest that ethanol decomposition products, rather than direct reduction with ethanol, are responsible for NiO reduction. The high temperature kinetics of ethanol conversion processes were determined, and a reaction pathway was proposed for detailed fuel reactor models.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Oscar Condori, Alberto Abad, Maria T. Izquierdo, Luis F. de Diego, Francisco Garcia-Labiano, Juan Adanez
Summary: In this study, the Biomass Chemical Looping Gasification (BCLG) process was evaluated using wheat straw pellets and ilmenite as the fuel feedstock and oxygen carrier respectively. The effect of different operational variables on process performance and syngas yield was analyzed, and no agglomeration issues were observed during the smooth operation of the CLG unit. The oxygen transference rate in the fuel reactor was found to be the main factor affecting syngas yield and cold gas efficiency.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Inaki Adanez-Rubio, Amirhossein Filsouf, Merve Durmaz, Teresa Mendiara, Pilar Gayan, Juan Adanez
Summary: This study focuses on testing a Cu-based oxygen carrier with enhanced mechanical properties due to the addition of kaolin in the combustion of different biomass types in a continuous CLOU unit. Complete combustion of the biomass types was achieved and higher CO2 capture efficiencies were observed at 800-950 degrees C compared to without kaolin doping. The oxygen carrier retained its magnetic properties without any agglomeration problems after 80 hours of hot circulation operation.
Correction
Chemistry, Applied
Jia Liu, Juntong Dong, Xiaodan Li, Teng Xu, Zhenguo Li, Jeffrey Dankwa Ampah, Mubasher Ikram, Shihai Zhang, Chao Jin, Zhenlong Geng, Tianyun Sun, Haifeng Liu
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Seba Alareeqi, Daniel Bahamon, Kyriaki Polychronopoulou, Lourdes F. Vega
Summary: This study explores the potential application of single-atom-alloy (SAA) catalysts in bio-oils hydrodeoxygenation refining using density functional theory (DFT) and microkinetic modeling. It establishes the relationships between stability, adsorptive properties, and activity structures for bio-oil derivatives, providing guidance for the synthesis of cost-effective SAA combinations.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Bin Hu, Wen -Ming Zhang, Xue-Wen Guo, Ji Liu, Xiao Yang, Qiang Lu
Summary: This study explored the pyrolysis behaviors and mechanisms of different monosaccharides, including arabinose, galactose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid. The roles of structural differences in these monosaccharides were analyzed, and it was found that glucuronic acid undergoes a special C-C bond breaking reaction during pyrolysis. The findings provide a deep understanding of the pyrolysis chemistry of hemicellulose and the role of different branches.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Youwei Zhi, Donghai Xu, Guanyu Jiang, Wanpeng Yang, Zhilin Chen, Peigao Duan, Jie Zhang
Summary: Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an effective method for the harmless disposal of municipal sludge (MS) and offers potential applications for the obtained products. Optimizing reaction conditions, coupling with other waste materials, and combining different processes can improve the performance of HTC. Furthermore, HTC contributes to energy recovery and enhances the quality of life cycle assessment.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jia Wang, Jianchun Jiang, Dongxian Li, Xianzhi Meng, Arthur J. Ragauskas
Summary: This study presents a scalable process for converting holocellulose and cellulosic wastes into advanced oxygen-containing biofuels with high furan, cyclic ketone, and ethanol content. By combining hydropyrolysis and vapor-phase hydrodeoxygenation using Pd/Al2O3 as a catalyst, the researchers achieved high yields and conversions. The integrated process holds great promise for biomass waste conversion into advanced biofuels.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Florian Held, Jannis Reusch, Steffen Salenbauch, Christian Hasse
Summary: The accurate prediction and assessment of soot emissions in internal combustion engines are crucial for the development of sustainable powertrains. This study presents a detailed quadrature-based method of moments (QMOM) soot model coupled with a state-of-the-art flow solver for the simulation of gasoline engines. The model accurately describes the entire cause-and-effect chain of soot formation, growth and oxidation. Experimental validation and engine cycle simulations are used to identify the root cause of observed soot formation hotspots.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
