Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yang Sui, Rui Jiang, Manabu Niimi, Jingru Hong, Qiaojing Yan, Zhuheng Shi, Jian Yao
Summary: Thiol antioxidants, particularly those found in albumin, have a crucial role in protecting cells and the body from oxidative stress. Recent research has demonstrated that the reductive modification of thiol residues in albumin enhances its antioxidative activity. Based on the fact that whey protein contains albumin and other thiol-active proteins, it is possible to develop novel thiol antioxidants using whey protein.
Article
Polymer Science
Javed Masood Khan, Ajamaluddin Malik, Fohad Mabood Husain, Mohammed J. Hakeem, Abdullah S. Alhomida
Summary: In this study, the effects of sunset yellow (SY) on the aggregation of beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) were investigated. It was found that SY could induce the aggregation of BLG and the process was fast. The resulting BLG aggregates showed an amorphous structure.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Kefan Ouyang, Hexiang Xie, Yufeng Wang, Fangjian Ning, Hua Xiong, Qiang Zhao
Summary: This study investigates the effects of pH, temperature, and protein concentration on the deterioration reactions and color formation during the fibrillization of whey protein isolate fibrils. The results indicate that protein oxidation and the Maillard reaction play a role in the color formation of the fibrils.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Rocio Corfield, Gabriel Lalou, Santiago Di Lella, Karina D. Martinez, Carolina Schebor, Mariana C. Allievi, Oscar E. Perez
Summary: Complexes of β-lactoglobulin or whey protein isolate with folic acid were developed as potential food ingredients. The binding sites of the vitamin on the protein were elucidated using dilute concentrations. The zeta potential, aggregation kinetics, and particle size distributions were studied, and in silico studies were carried out. The bioaccessibility of the vitamin was also assessed.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
A. Paul, C. Gaiani, L. Cvetkovska, C. Paris, M. Alexander, C. Ray, G. Francius, S. EL-Kirat-Chatel, J. Burgain
Summary: Whey protein concentrate powders can undergo chemical and structural modifications when affected by certain storage conditions. This study evaluated the impact of storage temperature, duration, and heat load on protein modification in whey protein powders. The results showed that higher temperatures had a greater effect on protein modification, while duration and total heat load did not significantly impact protein changes. Lactose content was found to be important in powder browning, but additional browning during storage was independent of lactose content. Protein aggregates were formed by non-disulphide covalent bonds and contained both β-lactoglobulin and α-lactalbumin. Interestingly, despite structural changes, the rehydration properties of the powder were not affected.
JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sinead A. Mc Entee, Eoin G. Murphy, Fergal N. Lawless, Alan L. Kelly, Noel A. McCarthy
Summary: This study evaluated the suitability of milk protein concentrate (MPC 80), skim milk powder, acid whey protein concentrate (aWPC 35), cheese whey protein concentrate and isolate (cWPC 35 and cWPI) in infant formula applications. The serum-phase compounds in casein-rich streams, especially aWPC 35, played a crucial role in controlling whey protein thermal aggregation. Replacing cWPC 35 with cWPI improved protein stability at UHT temperatures, indicating that removal of minerals from whey protein streams could increase thermal stability.
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Kungnang Bunsroem, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul, Siwatt Thaiudom
Summary: This study evaluated the susceptibility of whey proteins to enzyme hydrolysis and the antidiabetic properties of protein hydrolysates. The results showed that alpha-LA hydrolysate was more effective than beta-LG hydrolysate in inhibiting DPP-W activity and increasing GLP-1 levels. Heat treatment at 75 degrees C had the greatest impact on the antidiabetic properties of the protein hydrolysates.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Mingfeng Xu, Zhenghao Lian, Xiaoqiao Chen, Xing Yao, Cairu Lu, Xiaoying Niu, Maojun Xu, Qin Zhu
Summary: The study found that resveratrol can significantly inhibit the oxidation of lipids and proteins in emulsions, reducing protein carbonylation and protecting protein sulfhydrl content. At the same time, resveratrol can partially attenuate the decrease in protein solubility caused by oxidation.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Greg A. Erickson, Mark A. Hatcher, Michel Journet, John A. Kowalski, Tom C. Lovelace, Christopher J. Pink, Shiping Xie
Summary: A novel oxidative activation method was developed to synthesize methyltriazolo [1,4] benzodiazepine in a single step. The method has mild reaction conditions and delivers good yields. It can also be applicable to the synthesis of alkyltriazoles from other thiolactams and acylhydrazines.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Javed Masood Khan, Ajamaluddin Malik, Fohad Mabood Husain, Mohammed Saeed Alkaltham
Summary: This study investigates the interaction between Sunset Yellow (SY) dye and whey protein (beta-lactoglobulin) using spectroscopic and molecular modeling techniques. The results reveal a static quenching mechanism and dominant hydrophobic interactions. The absorbance of beta-lactoglobulin increases with increasing SY concentration, causing changes in its secondary structure. Molecular docking demonstrates high-affinity binding through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Claire Gaiani, Rana Omar, Sofiane El-Kirat-Chatel, Loubiana Cvetkovska, Marcela Alexander, Colin Ray, Jennifer Burgain, Gregory Francius
Summary: This study used atomic force microscopy to investigate the evolution of surface properties of whey protein powders at the nanoscale, revealing that high storage temperature has a greater impact on surface modifications. The presence of residual lactose also significantly influences these surface phenomena.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Timon R. Heyn, Marcel Schrader, Ingo Kampen, Arno Kwade, Karin Schwarz, Julia K. Keppler
Summary: In this study, beta-lactoglobulin solutions were mechanically stressed using glass beads at high temperatures and low pH value to investigate the effect of mechanical stressing and surfaces on amyloid aggregation kinetics. The findings provide valuable insights into the role of specific mechanical factors in facilitating the assembly of building blocks for efficient production of functional amyloid aggregates. The use of different diameters of glass beads and shaking frequencies allowed for the manipulation of mechanical stress energy, which was quantified using CFD-DEM simulations. Surface effects were examined by modifying the hydrophobicity and surface roughness of the glass beads. The analysis of amyloid aggregates and bead surfaces was performed using ThT-assay, AFM, and ATR-FTIR techniques.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Zichen Zhao, Renjie Li, Mahesha M. Poojary, Soren B. Nielsen, Marianne N. Lund
Summary: UV-B illumination promotes alpha-lactalbumin aggregation through disulfide bond cleavage and thiol-disulfide exchange reactions, but prolonged exposure may lead to undesired oxidative modifications. Adding tryptophan as a photosensitizer enhances thiol release and aggregation, with lower levels under aerobic conditions due to oxidation of tryptophan..freeze up under UVA/UVB exposure.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Fabian Ostertag, Joerg Hinrichs
Summary: The production of cream cheese, curd, high-protein yogurt, or caseinate results in a large amount of acid whey as a by-product. Currently, acid whey is often disposed as animal feed or organic fertilizer, which overlooks the potential value of its unique composition. An experimental approach involving cross-flow ultrafiltration was used to increase the concentration of biofunctional proteins in whey, specifically lactoferrin and immunoglobulin G. The resulting concentrate exhibited antimicrobial growth inhibition even higher than pure lactoferrin, indicating the potential of converting this underutilized by-product into valuable products for human nutrition.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Weikai Chen, Chen Chao, Jinglin Yu, Les Copeland, Shuo Wang, Shujun Wang
Summary: Increasing the concentration of beta-lactoglobulin (β-LG) from 25 to 200 mg was found to increase the amount of ternary starch-LA-β-LG complexes formed. However, there was little difference in the amounts of the ternary complexes formed when the amount of β-LG was between 25-150 mg. Prior interaction between β-LG and lauric acid (LA) did not significantly impact the formation of ternary starch-LA-β-LG complexes.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jingyuan Liu, Mahesha M. Poojary, Mikkel B. Thygesen, Mogens L. Andersen, Marianne N. Lund
Summary: Quinones are electrophilic compounds that react with nucleophilic amines such as lysine. This study investigated the effect of temperature on the reaction between 4-methylbenzoquinone and lysine derivatives. The products were identified using LC-MS/MS, and the reaction kinetics were studied using stopped-flow UV-vis spectrophotometry. The results showed that temperature did not significantly affect the product formation, and the reaction rates followed the Arrhenius law with different activation energies for different lysine derivatives.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jingyuan Liu, Mahesha M. Poojary, Ling Zhu, Andrew R. Williams, Marianne N. Lund
Summary: Caffeic acid (CA) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) are common phenolic acids in plant-derived foods and beverages. Their adducts with cysteine (Cys) were synthesized and studied for their immunomodulatory effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated cells. The adducts showed altered inflammatory responses compared to the parent phenolic acids, with upregulated signaling pathways related to inflammation and downregulated pathways related to neurodegenerative disorders and metabolism.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Max B. Sauerland, Christina Helm, Lasse G. Lorentzen, Asmita Manandhar, Trond Ulven, Luke F. Gamon, Michael J. Davies
Summary: Alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyls are commonly found in environmental toxins and therapeutic drugs. However, the specific targets and mechanisms of these compounds are poorly understood. Recently, a click-chemistry method has been developed to visualize and enrich adducted proteins for further characterization. LC-MS proteomic analysis has identified the cellular targets of DMFU and MMFU.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Mahesha M. Poojary, Michael Hellwig, Thomas Henle, Marianne N. Lund
Summary: Protein-polyphenol interactions have significant effects on the structure and function of food. This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of caffeic acid-cysteine (CA-Cys) and chlorogenic acid-cysteine (CGA-Cys) adducts, and develops a quantitative method to detect these adducts in food and beverages. Results show the covalent bonding between milk proteins and CA/CGA, as well as the presence of these adducts in coffee-containing beverages.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yihe Wang, Astrid Hammer, Gerald Hoefler, Ernst Malle, Clare L. Hawkins, Christine Y. Chuang, Michael J. Davies
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by plaque formation in arterial walls. The study found that hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and chloramines can specifically modify aggrecan, a proteoglycan involved in atherogenesis. These modifications, different from those induced by ADAMTS1, can lead to irreversible protein cross-links. The findings also showed colocalization of aggrecan and HOCl-generated epitopes in advanced human atherosclerotic plaques.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jianfei He, Christine Y. Chuang, Clare L. Hawkins, Michael J. Davies, Per Hagglund
Summary: The extracellular matrix (ECM) of tissues is formed by proteins, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans, and it plays a crucial role in maintaining tissue integrity. Peroxynitrite, an oxidant produced during inflammation, can modify fibronectin and impair its function. This study investigated the effects of peroxynitrite on the structure of ECM and its interactions with cellular components. The results suggest that peroxynitrite can influence ECM structure and may have implications in pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qing Gao, Katarzyna Grzyb, Luke F. Gamon, Peter R. Ogilby, Tomasz Pedzinski, Michael J. Davies
Summary: Disulfide bonds are critical for protein structure and function, and their modification can lead to loss of structure and function. This study investigates the oxidation of disulfide bonds by singlet oxygen, showing selective oxidation and variation in reaction rates and product formation. These findings suggest that certain disulfides, including those in proteins, may undergo detrimental modifications that affect protein structure and function.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan Sebastian Reyes, Eduardo Fuentes-Lemus, Jefferson Romero, Felipe Arenas, Angelica Fierro, Michael J. Davies, Camilo Lopez-Alarcon
Summary: 6-phosphogluconolactonase (6PGL) is an enzyme involved in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and is susceptible to oxidative inactivation. This study investigates the oxidation of Escherichia coli 6PGL by peroxyl radicals and its effect on enzymatic activity and NADPH generation. The results show that while monomeric 6PGL is resistant to oxidative inactivation, protein aggregation and oxidation of specific residues occur, leading to diminished NADPH generation. These findings contribute to our understanding of the oxidative stability of 6PGL compared to other PPP enzymes.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jing Sun, Halise Gul Akillioglu, Jingren Zhong, Tik Muk, Xiaoyu Pan, Marianne Nissen Lund, Per Torp Sangild, Duc Ninh Nguyen, Stine Brandt Bering
Summary: Research shows that ultra-high temperature sterilization and prolonged storage of liquid infant formulas may have negative effects on systemic immunity and kidney development in preterm newborns. The presence of Maillard reaction products in the formulas may cause increased inflammation and kidney injury.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara M. Jorgensen, Lasse G. Lorentzen, Astrid Hammer, Gerald Hoefler, Ernst Malle, Christine Y. Chuang, Michael J. Davies
Summary: Continued oxidant production during chronic inflammation leads to tissue damage, which is associated with atherosclerosis. Versican, an ECM proteoglycan, accumulates during atherogenesis and promotes inflammation. We hypothesized that versican is targeted by oxidants and undergoes modifications that aggravate plaque development.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuqi Xu, Christine Y. Chuang, Clare L. Hawkins, Per Hagglund, Michael J. Davies
Summary: Peroxynitrous acid/peroxynitrite (ONOOH/ONOO ¡) is a powerful oxidizing/nitrating system formed at sites of inflammation, which can modify biological targets, particularly proteins. This study found that multiple proteins from primary human coronary artery smooth muscle cells are nitrated, with various modifications occurring on cellular and extracellular matrix proteins. The nitration occurs both endogenously and exogenously, and it may have significant effects on cell and protein function, potentially contributing to the development and exacerbation of diseases such as atherosclerosis.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hongkai Zhu, Jingyuan Liu, Mogens L. Andersen, Gunther H. J. Peters, Marianne N. Lund
Summary: The reaction kinetics between methylglyoxal (MGO) and epigallocatechin gallate were studied, and a model was developed to predict the trapping capacity of MGO based on the molecular properties of seven flavonoids. The model was created using synthetic minority oversampling technique and principal component regression (PCR) and back-propagation neural network algorithm. The PCR model based on the first six principle components showed high accuracy, with a root-mean-square error value of 8.02 x 10-7. This work provides quantitative structure-activity models for rapid and accurate prediction of the trapping rate constant of MGO by flavonoids.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nejra Cosic-Mujkanovic, Paulina Valadez-Cosmes, Kathrin Maitz, Anna Lueger, Zala N. Mihalic, Marah C. Runtsch, Melanie Kienzl, Michael J. Davies, Christine Y. Chuang, Akos Heinemann, Rudolf Schicho, Gunther Marsche, Julia Kargl
Summary: This study shows that myeloperoxidase (MPO), a neutrophil-derived enzyme, promotes the proliferation and inhibits the apoptosis of lung cancer cells. It functions by increasing the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK, and can be found inside the cells and in the nucleus. Blocking MPO uptake or inhibiting its enzymatic activity reduces its effects on cancer cell function. Animal experiments demonstrate that tumor-bearing mice treated with the MPO inhibitor 4-ABAH have reduced tumor burden.
Article
Microbiology
Iuliana Popa, David Touboul, Tilde Andersson, Eduardo Fuentes-Lemus, Cyrille Santerre, Michael J. Davies, Rolf Lood
Summary: Cutibacterium acnes, an abundant bacteria on the skin, relies on the secretion of its antioxidant protein RoxP to maintain skin health. The oxidation status of proteins and the composition of lipids in C. acnes are influenced by environmental oxidative conditions and the presence of the bacterial antioxidant system.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jingyuan Liu, Kasper Engholm-Keller, Mahesha M. Poojary, Marta Bevilacqua, Mogens L. Andersen, Marianne N. Lund
Summary: This study investigated the reactions of 4-methylbenzoquinone with S-lactoglobulin and amino acids at neutral pH. The results showed that Cys121 was the most modified residue in S-LG, and Michael addition occurred in all reactions with amino acids. The rate constants correlated with the pKa values of the amino acids, indicating that the amount of unprotonated amine is the major factor determining reactivity.
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siew Chin Chan, Chih-Wei Tung, Chia-Wei Lin, Yun-Shiuan Tung, Po-Min Wu, Pei-Hsun Cheng, Chuan-Mu Chen, Shang-Hsun Yang
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suyuan Liu, Meiling Tan, Jiangxue Cai, Chenxuan Li, Miaoxin Yang, Xiaoxiao Sun, Bin He
Summary: This study reveals that the antibiotic doxycycline effectively inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by targeting mitochondrial translation and mtDNA synthesis, offering potential for the treatment of NLRP3-related diseases.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hao Liu, Nana Li, Ge Kuang, Xia Gong, Ting Wang, Jun Hu, Hui Du, Minxuan Zhong, Jiashi Guo, Yao Xie, Yang Xiang, Shengwang Wu, Yiling Yuan, Xinru Yin, Jingyuan Wan, Ke Li
Summary: Protectin D1 (PTD1) improves hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis in a NASH mouse model by inhibiting the activation of TLR4 downstream signaling pathway, possibly through upregulation of IRAK-M expression, suggesting a potential new treatment for NASH.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2024)