Journal
JOURNAL OF SEA RESEARCH
Volume 175, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.seares.2021.102099
Keywords
Ecosystem services; Denitrification; Biogeochemical processes; Grain size gradient; Restoration
Categories
Funding
- McCrae Family Foundation
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Doctoral Scholarship
- George Mason Centre for the Natural Environment Research Fellowship
- University of Auckland postdoctoral fellowship
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The majority of shellfish reefs have been lost globally, but restoration efforts have the potential to regain lost ecosystem services. Research has shown that restored mussel reefs can enhance denitrification, reducing the risk of future eutrophication. The importance of nutrient remineralisation varies in different site conditions, highlighting the need for strategic site selection in ecosystem restoration efforts.
Globally we have lost the majority of shellfish reefs, with the concomitant loss of ecosystem services. Restoration provides opportunities to regain lost services and engage society in the wider ecosystem benefits of restoration. Previous research has demonstrated that the functional role of shellfish can be context dependent, and we therefore measured fluxes of nutrients and dissolved gases from four restored mussel reefs along a grain size gradient in New Zealand as a metric of success in ecosystem function. This globally novel research found that restored mussel reefs were successful in enhancing denitrification. Mussel reefs can therefore be important in reducing the risk of future eutrophication, but the importance of nutrient remineralisation varies in response to site conditions. These data show that mussel reef creation can quickly restore ecosystem function, but site selection to enhance specific services is important. This study provides evidence of a poorly realised ecosystem service provided by restored mussel beds that allows future restoration efforts to better target areas in order to have the largest impact on the removal of anthropogenic nitrogen.
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