Article
Pediatrics
Holly M. Frost, Nancy Wittmer, Amy Keith, Michael J. Durfee, Timothy C. Jenkins
Summary: Two low-cost pragmatic interventions were highly effective in improving prescribing of guideline-concordant short antibiotic durations for children with uncomplicated acute otitis media. The results were sustained 18 months after discontinuation of the interventions.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ahlia Sekkarie, Soyoun Park, Nicole L. Therrien, Sandra L. Jackson, Rebecca C. Woodruff, Sharon Attipoe-Dorcoo, Peter K. Yang, Laurence Sperling, Fleetwood Loustalot, Angela M. Thompson-Paul
Summary: According to the 2018 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Multisociety Cholesterol Management Guideline, nearly one third of U.S. adults have elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, increasing their risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The study analyzed national outpatient retail prescription data and found that the use of moderate- and high-intensity statins, along with add-on therapies, such as ezetimibe and PCSK9 inhibitors, has increased in the U.S. population.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
M. Gelardi, I. La Mantia, S. E. Aragona, G. Cupido, G. Ciprandi
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of immunomodulation treatment in patients with acute otitis media who underwent antibiotic therapy. The results showed that after immunomodulation treatment, patients had a lower frequency of fatigue and pain. However, there was no difference in symptom severity between the two groups.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL REGULATORS AND HOMEOSTATIC AGENTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kyu Hyun Park, Seung-Ah Choe, Ju-Young Shin, Young June Choe
Summary: This study describes the changing patterns of antibiotic use in children with acute otitis media in South Korea. The prescription of amoxicillin has increased while cephalosporin and macrolide use has decreased. Multifaceted approaches are needed to control antimicrobial resistance.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Cristina Gavrilovici, Elena-Lia Spoiala, Ingrith-Crenguta Miron, Iuliana Magdalena Starcea, Codruta Olimpiada Iliescu Halitchi, Irina Nicoleta Zetu, Vasile Valeriu Lupu, Carmen Panzaru
Summary: Acute otitis media (AOM) remains a major reason for antibiotic use in children, despite the availability of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. A study conducted in a pediatric emergency hospital in Romania found that Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae were the most common bacteria associated with AOM. Alarmingly, a high proportion of the Streptococcus pneumoniae strains were resistant to multiple drugs. This highlights the importance of addressing antimicrobial resistance to minimize the negative impact on healthcare costs.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Vicente F. Corrales-Medina, Carl van Walraven
Summary: This study investigates the association between guideline-concordant initial antibiotic treatment and 1-year all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk in older adult patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The results show that guideline-concordant antibiotic therapy is associated with a trend towards lower all-cause mortality and a significant reduction in cardiovascular death risk at 1 year following CAP admission.
Article
Pediatrics
Pilar Storch-De-Gracia, Valeria Antonanzas-Bernar, Beatriz Vergara-Munoz, Nuria Lamagrande-Casanova, Marianna Di Campli-Zaghlul, Maria Suarez-Bustamante, Juan Anon-Hidalgo, Miguel Maiques
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of amoxicillin administered twice or three times daily in children with acute otitis media, and measured and compared treatment adherence between the two groups. The results showed that twice-daily amoxicillin had similar efficacy to a three-dose daily regimen and offered advantages in terms of administration schedule for caregivers.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Elena Lia Spoiala, Gabriela Dumitrita Stanciu, Veronica Bild, Daniela Carmen Ababei, Cristina Gavrilovici
Summary: This paper focuses on the current insights into the antibiotic treatment of acute otitis media (AOM) in children, including preclinical evaluation, overview of new antimicrobial agents, and analysis of different guidelines. Treatment preference varies depending on the causative organism, with amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate combination being the preferred agents for Streptococcus pneumoniae-related AOM. The decision to prescribe antimicrobial treatment is based on symptom severity in most guidelines reviewed.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Rana E. El Feghaly, Amanda Nedved, Sophie E. Katz, Holly M. Frost
Summary: Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common childhood illness, affecting the majority of children by the age of 5, and is often treated with antibiotics. The introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines has significantly changed the epidemiology of AOM, leading to implications for its management.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Jeannie Y. Chang Pitter, Lydia Zhong, Rana F. Hamdy, Diego Preciado, Hengameh Behzadpour, Ellen K. Hamburger
Summary: The use of intramuscular ceftriaxone, particularly for otitis-conjunctivitis, has increased in primary care academic practice. This study found a strong correlation between the presence of conjunctivitis and receipt of ceftriaxone treatment for acute otitis media. Younger patients were also more likely to receive ceftriaxone treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Sophia Scharl, Tim Sprotge, Michael Gerken, Anton Scharl, Olaf Ortmann, Oliver Kolbl, Monika Klinkhammer-Schalke, Thomas Papathemelis
Summary: Treatment according to the German S3 guideline improves overall survival and recurrence-free survival in patients with high-grade endometrial cancer.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Naoko Fuji, Michael Pichichero, Ravinder Kaur
Summary: This study found that the prevalence of Haemophilus influenzae in the nasopharynx of young children is very low during health periods, but is high in middle ear fluid at the onset of acute otitis media (AOM). Nontypeable H. influenzae accounts for over 90% of all isolates, with type f being the most prevalent among encapsulated strains. Beta-lactamase production and antibiotic nonsusceptibility are common among H. influenzae strains isolated from the nasopharynx and middle ear fluid.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Oren Ziv, Dana Adelson, Reem Sadeh, Sofia Kordeluk, Sabri El-Saied, Eugene Leibovitz, Mordechai Kraus, Daniel Kaplan
Summary: This retrospective cohort study showed that immunization with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) significantly reduced the occurrence of recurrent acute otitis media (rAOM) in infants following an early episode of acute otitis media (AOM).
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Correction
Medicine, General & Internal
Alexander E. Perl, Giovanni Martinelli, Jorge E. Cortes, Andreas Neubauer, Ellin Berman, Stefania Paolini, Pau Montesinos, Maria R. Baer, Richard A. Larson, Celalettin Ustun, Francesco Fabbiano, Harry P. Erba, Antonio Di Stasi, Robert Stuart, Rebecca Olin, Margaret Kasner, Fabio Ciceri, Wen-Chien Chou, Nikolai Podoltsev, Christian Recher, Hisayuki Yokoyama, Naoko Hosono, Sung-Soo Yoon, Je-Hwan Lee, Timothy Pardee, Amir T. Fathi, Chaofeng Liu, Nahla Hasabou, Xuan Liu, Erkut Bahceci, Mark J. Levis
Summary: The article contains errors in the numbers of patients receiving previous FLT3 inhibitor therapy and requires correction.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Saskia Hullegie, Roderick P. Venekamp, Thijs M. A. van Dongen, Sanne Mulder, Willem van Schaik, G. Ardine de Wit, Alastair D. Hay, Paul Little, Michael Moore, Elisabeth A. M. Sanders, Marc J. M. Bonten, Debby Bogaert, Anne G. M. Schilder, Roger A. M. J. Damoiseaux
Summary: Current guidance recommends oral antibiotics as first-line treatment for children with acute otitis media, but there is a lack of evidence on the effectiveness of local administration of antibiotics in children with AOMd. This study aims to address this gap by comparing the efficacy of eardrops and oral antibiotics in treating AOMd, with a focus on reducing systemic side effects and selective resistance pressure on bacteria.
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Holly M. Frost, Sonal S. Munsiff, Yingbo Lou, Timothy C. Jenkins
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Laura McWhirter, Yingbo Lou, Sarah Reingold, Sarah Warsh, Tara Thomas-Gale, Christine Haynes, Deborah Rinehart, Karen A. Wendel, Holly M. Frost
Summary: This study evaluated the treatment and follow-up management of sexually transmitted infections. It found that while most patients received antibiotic treatment, only about half received HIV/syphilis testing and less than half received GC and CT retesting. The results highlight the need for innovative strategies to improve the management of these infections and reduce complications and transmission.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Holly M. Frost, Destani Bizune, Jeffrey S. Gerber, Adam L. Hersh, Lauri A. Hicks, Sharon Tsay
Summary: This study compared the rates of antibiotic treatment failure and recurrence in children with uncomplicated acute otitis media using different antibiotic agents. The results showed that despite changes in the microbiology of the disease, treatment failure and recurrence were uncommon for all antibiotic agents, with lower rates observed for amoxicillin compared to other agents. These findings support the continued use of amoxicillin as a first-line agent for acute otitis media when antibiotics are prescribed.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Letter
Pediatrics
Holly M. Frost, Adam L. Hersh
Article
Pediatrics
Holly M. Frost, Nancy Wittmer, Amy Keith, Michael J. Durfee, Timothy C. Jenkins
Summary: Two low-cost pragmatic interventions were highly effective in improving prescribing of guideline-concordant short antibiotic durations for children with uncomplicated acute otitis media. The results were sustained 18 months after discontinuation of the interventions.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Leah J. McGrath, Holly M. Frost, Jason G. Newland, Caroline A. O'Neil, John M. Sahrmann, Yinjiao Ma, Anne M. Butler
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the frequency and patterns of nonguideline concordant antibiotic therapy for acute otitis media (AOM) in children in the United States. The study found that nonguideline concordant antibiotic use is common in children with AOM, including the use of broad-spectrum agents and longer-than-recommended antibiotic durations.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sarah Reingold, Margaret Tomcho, Tara Thomas-Gale, Christine Haynes, Sonja O'Leary, Sarah Warsh, Deborah Rinehart, Holly Frost
Summary: Our study found that the majority of adolescents and emerging adults (ages 14-24 years) prefer opt-out gonorrhea and chlamydia screening instead of risk-based screening. Additionally, opt-out testing is associated with less sexually transmitted infection-related stigma.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Rana E. El Feghaly, Amanda Nedved, Sophie E. Katz, Holly M. Frost
Summary: Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common childhood illness, affecting the majority of children by the age of 5, and is often treated with antibiotics. The introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines has significantly changed the epidemiology of AOM, leading to implications for its management.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sonja C. O'Leary, Holly M. Frost
Summary: Vaccinating against HPV at 9 years of age can effectively improve vaccine initiation and completion rates by age 13. A study showed that the percentage of patients receiving at least 1 dose of HPV vaccine increased from 30% to 43% post-intervention, while the percentage receiving 2 doses increased from 19.3% to 42.7%. The overall initiation rate of HPV vaccination by age 13 increased from 42% to 54%, with completion rates also showing improvement.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Thresia Sebastian, Josh Durfee, Nancy Wittmer, Jessica Jack, Amy Keith, Timothy C. Jenkins, Holly M. Frost
Summary: This study implemented a system-level quality improvement intervention to reduce unnecessary ophthalmic antibiotic use for pediatric conjunctivitis. The intervention achieved a significant reduction of 18.8% in ophthalmic antibiotic prescribing, without increasing treatment failure rates or healthcare utilization.
JOURNAL OF THE PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Primary Health Care
Holly M. Frost, Cristy Geno Rasmussen, Hanan Shorrosh, Laura Pyle, Kimberly Bautista, Brigitte I. Frohnert, Marisa Stahl, Kimber Simmons, Andrea K. Steck, Xiaofan Jia, Liping Yu, Marian Rewers, ASK Study Grp
Summary: This study measured the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among children in the United States and found that by December 2021, 89% of children aged 12 to 18 had detectable antibodies. The increase was primarily driven by vaccination rather than infection.
JOURNAL OF PRIMARY CARE AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Holly M. Frost, Michael L. Wilson, Genie E. Roosevelt
Summary: This study aimed to determine the impact of an intervention using rapid chlamydia/gonorrhea testing on reducing unnecessary antibiotic use, undertreatment, and length of stay in a pediatric emergency department. The results showed that rapid testing reduced overtreatment but increased length of stay due to waiting for test results.
PEDIATRIC QUALITY & SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Primary Health Care
Margaret M. Tomcho, Yingbo Lou, Sonja C. O'Leary, Deborah J. Rinehart, Tara Thomas-Gale, Lara Penny, Holly M. Frost
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of an opt-out chlamydia and gonorrhea testing program for adolescents and young adults. The program increased testing rates, reduced inequities between different groups, and detected more infections compared to a risk-based approach. Opt-out testing should be considered to increase detection of chlamydia and gonorrhea and promote equity.
JOURNAL OF PRIMARY CARE AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Primary Health Care
Holly M. Frost, Thresia Sebastian, Amy Keith, Melanie Kurtz, Samuel R. Dominguez, Sarah K. Parker, Timothy C. Jenkins
Summary: This study reveals the association between SARS-CoV-2 and acute otitis media (AOM) in children, demonstrating that COVID-19 and AOM can co-exist. Healthcare providers should maintain a high index of suspicion for COVID-19 when evaluating children with AOM.
JOURNAL OF PRIMARY CARE AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Tarun Aurora, Audrey Cole, Parul Rai, Paul Lavoie, Carrie Mcivor, Lisa M. Klesges, Guolian Kang, Janaka S. S. Liyanage, Heather M. Brandt, Jane S. Hankins
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a vaccine strategy bundle in increasing HPV vaccine initiation and completion rates in a specialty clinic setting. By implementing the bundle, which included staff education, provider incentives, offering vaccines in clinics, and verifying vaccine completion, the clinic successfully improved HPV vaccine initiation and completion rates among sickle cell disease patients.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Nienke M. Halbmeijer, Wes Onland, Jeroen Dudink, Filip Cools, Anne Debeer, Anton H. van Kaam, Manon J. N. L. Benders, Niek E. van der Aa
Summary: In ventilated infants born preterm, high dose systemic hydrocortisone initiated between 7 and 14 days after birth did not have a significant impact on brain development.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Katherine Melton, Jianfang Liu, Hossein Sadeghi, Maureen George, Arlene Smaldone
Summary: This study aims to identify predictors of change in lung function and body weight during health care transition in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The study findings highlight the importance of CF RISE program engagement and reducing gaps in care for improving the transition of adolescents and young adults with CF.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Laura A. Duckworth, Kimberly A. Sutton, Nurmohammad Shaikh, Jinli Wang, Carla Hall-Moore, Lori R. Holtz, Phillip I. Tarr, Ronald C. Rubenstein
Summary: The study tested the usefulness of various biomarkers as indicators of gut dysfunction in cystic fibrosis (CF) and investigated the repeatability of these measures in individuals over short periods and their correlation with clinical outcomes. The results showed that elevated levels of fLcn2 in individuals with CF may predict worsened pulmonary function.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Lindsey Haack, Nikkan Das, Arvind Hoskoppal, Mark Debrunner, Tarek Alsaied, Gaurav Arora
Summary: RAE on ECG has a low positive predictive value for RAE on echocardiogram in previously healthy young patients. The highest yield for RAE on echocardiogram was observed in patients who were <1 year of age, had RAE in the anterior precordial leads, or displayed right ventricular hypertrophy on ECG.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael A. Padula, Khatija Naing, Tara L. Wenger, Irfan Ahmad, Carl H. Coghill, K. Taylor Wild, S. Alex Rottgers, Cory M. Resnick, Jeffrey Goldstein, Zarmina Ehsan, Donna Watkins, Nicole Deptula, Kuan-Chi Lai, Janet Lioy, Semsa Gogcu, Christopher M. Cielo
Summary: This study describes the spectrum of disease and burden of care in infants with congenital micrognathia. The results show that these infants commonly require surgical intervention and tube feedings, and disparities based on race and among centers were identified.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael P. Fundora, Manvitha Kalicheti, Guantao Zhao, Kevin O. Maher, Nicoleta Serban
Summary: This study investigated the variation of outpatient opioid prescribing in postoperative pediatric cardiac patients across the US. The results showed that there were significant differences in opioid prescribing by race, ethnicity, sex, and region.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Jia Guo, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Leigh Blizzard, Michael D. Schmidt, Terence Dwyer, Alison J. Venn, Costan G. Magnussen
Summary: There is a correlation between childhood and adulthood cardiorespiratory fitness.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Nianzhou Xiao, Michelle Starr, Adrienne Stolfi, Gilad Hamdani, Shireen Hashmat, Stefan G. Kiessling, Christina Sethna, Mahmoud Kallash, Robyn Matloff, Robert Woroniecki, Keia Sanderson, Ikuyo Yamaguchi, Stephen D. Cha, Michael G. Semanik, Rahul Chanchlani, Joseph T. Flynn, Mark Mitsnefes
Summary: This multicenter study reports that most infants diagnosed with idiopathic hypertension in the NICU will discontinue antihypertensive treatment within 2 years of discharge. Antenatal steroid treatment is associated with a decreased likelihood of needing antihypertensive therapy for more than 1 year.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Kanwaljit Singh, John Concato, Jonathan M. Davis
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Yaxing Meng, Harri Niinikoski, Suvi P. Rovio, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Feitong Wu, Antti Jula, Tapani Ronnemaa, Jorma S. A. Viikari, Olli T. Raitakari, Katja Pahkala, Costan G. Magnussen
Summary: This 26-year study shows a correlation between early-life non-HDL-C levels and future levels. Early dietary counseling can reduce the risk of high pediatric non-HDL-C, emphasizing the importance of early interventions in preventing cardiovascular risks.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Kelsey A. B. Gastineau, Rebecca Bell, Allison Hanes, Sandra Mckay, Eric Sigel, Filoteia Popescu, Evan C. Sommer, Shari Barkin
Summary: This study aimed to assess the self-reported counseling outcomes for a firearm safe storage counseling training program provided by the American Academy of Pediatrics. The results demonstrated significant improvement in counseling self-efficacy and frequency one month after the training.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Kathryn E. K. Berlin, William Scott, Sara Dawson, David Brousseau, Joanne M. Lagatta
Summary: This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of infants from NICU hospitalization to one year post-discharge. The study found that lower HRQL during NICU stay was associated with earlier gestational age, postnatal corticosteroid usage, outborn status, and gastrostomy tube placement. Lower HRQL at 3 and 12 months post-discharge was associated with readmissions, home oxygen use, parent-reported difficulty breathing, lower developmental scores, and not playing with other children. Most parents reported similar or improved HRQL after discharge, but parents of infants with respiratory symptoms experienced less improvement. Efforts to improve parent HRQL should focus on respiratory symptoms and social isolation.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Garett J. Griffith, Alan P. Wang, Robert I. Liem, Michael R. Carr, Tyler Corson, Kendra Ward
Summary: This study developed reference values for cardiorespiratory fitness in children aged 6-18 years without underlying heart disease, measured by peak oxygen uptake and treadmill time. Fitness levels increased with age in males but not females. Males generally exhibited higher fitness levels compared to females in the same age groups.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
David S. Liu, Patricia Miller, Anna Rothenberg, Carley Vuillermin, Peter M. Waters, Andrea S. Bauer
Summary: This study aims to determine if children with elbow flexion contracture (EFC) caused by brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) are more likely to develop shoulder contracture and undergo surgical treatment. A retrospective review was conducted on children under 2 years old with BPBI who presented to a single children's hospital. The results showed that patients with EFC had reduced shoulder range of motion and higher odds of shoulder contracture and surgical treatment. Prompt referral to a BPBI specialty clinic is recommended for evaluation and potential surgery.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
