Journal
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Volume 415, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125661
Keywords
Solid phase extraction; Graphene oxide; Toxicity; Adsorption; Preconcentration
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21777105]
- Shenzhen Science and Technology Foundations [JCYJ20180507182040308, JCYJ2017081810 1137960]
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The hydrophilicity of the graphene oxide membrane was enhanced through oxygen plasma treatment, which was then used for the preconcentration of heavy metal ions with a good detection limit of 1.2 ng L-1. The method showed good accuracy and precision when assessing standard reference materials.
Analyte extraction using graphene oxide (GO) can be challenging owing to the stochastic behavior of the permeation of water molecules and heavy metal ions, imperfect pore structures, and irregular distribution of multi-layer sheets. We prepared a free standing, through-hole graphene oxide membrane deposited on porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) substrate. The hydrophilicity of the GO membrane was improved via oxygen plasma treatment. The resulting AAO-GO membrane was used as novel adsorbent for the heavy metal ions preconcentration prior to their determination using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. This sub-micrometer-thick membrane allowed unimpeded permeation of water molecules via two-dimensional capillaries formed across the pores and in between the closely spaced GO sheets. The proposed method shows good detection limit of 1.2 ng L-1, and the co-existing ions did not affect the extraction efficiency of the adsorbent. The accuracy of the method was assessed by analyzing standard reference materials, where the Student's t-test values were less than the critical Student's t-value of 4.303 (95% confidence level). Good precision was achieved, as coefficients of variation ranged between 4% and 5%. The developed SPE adsorbent is a promising alternative for bulk adsorbents owing to the wide variety of available 2D materials and deposition methods.
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