☆ 4.7 Article

Removal of extracellular antibiotic resistance genes using magnetic biochar/quaternary phosphonium salt in aquatic environments: A mechanistic study

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (2021)

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Journal

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Volume 411, Issue -, Pages -

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ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125048

Keywords

Magnetic biochar; Quaternary phosphonium salt; Extracellular antibiotic resistance gene; Electrostatic adsorption; Oxidative damage

Categories

Engineering, Environmental Environmental Sciences

Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [21677149, 41977137]
  2. Key Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences [QYZDJ-SSW-DQC035]
  3. Center for Health Impacts of Agriculture (CHIA) of Michigan State University

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The use of magnetic biochar/quaternary phosphonium salt (MBQ) significantly enhances the adsorption capacity of extracellular DNA, resulting in over 92.7% removal of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from water. This approach effectively mitigates the spread of ARGs and reduces the risk of antimicrobial resistance propagation in aquatic environments.
The proliferation and spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is becoming a worldwide crisis. Extracellular DNA encoding ARGs (eARGs) in aquatic environment plays a critical role in the dispersion of antimicrobial resistance genes. Strategies to control the dissemination of eARGs are urgently required for ecological safety and human health. Towards this goal, magnetic biochar/quaternary phosphonium salt (MBQ), was used to investigate the efficiency and removal mechanism for eARGs. Magnetic biochar modified by quaternary phosphonium salt enhanced the adsorption capacity of extracellular DNA to approximately 9 folds, compared to that of the unmodified. DNA adsorption by MBQ was mainly dominated by chemisorption in heterogeneous systems and was promoted in acidic and low-salt environment. The generation of ?OH and MBQ colloid jointly cleaved DNA into fragments, facilitating the adsorption of the phosphate backbone of DNA onto MBQ through electrostatic force as well as the conformational transition of DNA. Furthermore, quantification of extracellular DNA after MBQ was applied in water demonstrated that over 92.7% of resistance genes were removed, indicating a significantly reduced risk of propagation of antimicrobial resistance in aquatic environments. These findings have a practical significance in the application of MBQ in mitigating the spread of ARGs in aquatic environment.

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