Exosomes as drug delivery vehicles and biomarkers for neurological and auditory systems

Exosomes are small extracellular membrane particles that play a crucial role in intracellular signaling. Research shows that exosomes have the potential to be used as biomarkers or drug delivery systems in specific organs, such as the neurological system and the inner ear. Exosomes in neurological and auditory systems release different molecules when under stress versus in healthy states, highlighting their potential use as biomarkers in the identification of diseased states. Studies have suggested that exosomes can be harnessed for drug delivery to hard-to-reach organs, such as cochlear sensory hair cells and the brain due to their ability to cross the blood-labyrinth and blood-brain barriers. In this article, we describe the biogenesis, classification, and characterization methods of exosomes. We then discuss recent studies that indicate their potential usage as biomarkers and drug delivery systems to help treat inner ear and neurological disorders.

Automated summary

Exosomes are small extracellular membrane particles that have the potential to be used as biomarkers and drug delivery systems, especially in the neurological system and inner ear. Research suggests that exosomes can be utilized as biomarkers in diseased states and for drug delivery to hard-to-reach organs.