Genome-wide profile in DNA methylation in goat ovaries of two different litter size populations

Although some studies have investigated the DNA methylation modification in goat ovaries, it is not understood DNA methylation related to goat litter size. This investigation was designed to explore the DNA methylation status in the ovaries of high litter size and low litter size groups using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS). We found that there was global difference on DNA methylation in high litter size and low litter size goat ovaries. Many differentially methylated region-related genes (DMGs) were found in the ovaries of these two different goat populations. Moreover, enrichment analysis discovered that many DMGs were involved in gamete development, reproductive system development, wingless-type MMTV integration site family (WNT) signalling pathways and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK) signalling pathways. The data indicated that DNA methylation in goat ovaries may play important roles in the folliculogenesis, the oocyte ovulation rate and finally the litter size. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in ovaries of high and low litter size goat which helps the understanding of ovarian DNA methylation in relation to goat fertility capability.

Automated summary

This study explored DNA methylation status in ovaries of high and low litter size goats, finding global differences and many differentially methylated region-related genes. Enrichment analysis indicated involvement of these genes in gamete development, reproductive system development, WNT signaling pathways, and MAPK signaling pathways. The study suggests that DNA methylation in goat ovaries may be important for folliculogenesis, oocyte ovulation rate, and litter size.