Article
Engineering, Civil
Amiya Abhash, K. K. Pandey
Summary: Piano key weirs (PKWs) are an improved form of labyrinth weirs, which are gaining popularity for their hydraulic efficiency and cost-effectiveness. The study combined experimental and numerical research to investigate the discharge capacity and sediment carrying capacity of different plan geometries of PKWs. Findings show that PKW with a rectangular plan is more hydraulically efficient and self-cleaning than its trapezoidal counterparts.
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Raj Kumar Bhukya, Manish Pandey, Manousos Valyrakis, Panagiotis Michalis
Summary: This study reviews the impact of different geometries of piano key weirs on the discharge coefficient, with the L/W dimensionless ratio found to have the greatest influence. The paper serves as an accessible resource for researchers and professionals interested in the hydraulics of piano key weirs.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Forough Alizadeh Sanami, Mojtaba Saneie, Mohammad Hadi Afshar
Summary: Piano key weirs have a higher discharge coefficient compared to rectangular weirs, with the coefficient increasing up to three times. Experimental results show that the discharge coefficient of piano key weirs is higher than that of linear weirs, especially in low heads.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Abdol Mahdi Behroozi, Mohammad Vaghefi
Summary: This study investigates the discharge capacity and hydrodynamic behavior of A-type piano key weirs with different geometric features and water heads using laboratory experiments and numerical simulations. The results show that zigzag indentations on the lateral crests significantly increase the discharge capacity and energy dissipation of the weirs at low water heads, while the geometric shape of the crests has no significant effect on the hydraulic behavior at high water heads. Among the modified weirs, the PKW with semi-circular indentations exhibits the best performance in terms of both discharge capacity and energy dissipation.
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yousef Sangsefidi, Hassan Tavakol-Davani, Masoud Ghodsian, Mojtaba Mehraein, Reza Zarei
Summary: This paper experimentally studied the flow behavior in Piano Key Weirs (PKWs) with different plan shapes and found that the local submergence length is a decreasing function of the apex width ratio, especially in high flow heads. A trapezoidal PKW has the highest discharge efficiency in a wide range, while a rectangular PKW may be more efficient in low-length and high-head conditions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
James Yang, Shicheng Li, Anna Helgesson, Erik Skepparkrans, Anders Ansell
Summary: The piano key (PK) weir is a cost-effective structure for flood discharge, and the improvement in its design leads to significantly enhanced hydraulic efficiency and flow discharge capacity.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Amr A. Bekheet, Nahla M. AboulAtta, Neveen Y. Saad, Doaa A. El -Molla, Flume Width
Summary: This study evaluates the effect of the piano key weir's shape and type on flow efficiency, finding that the trapezoidal shape has the highest efficiency while the triangular shape has the lowest. The ratio Wi/Wo is the most important parameter influencing PKW flow efficiency.
AIN SHAMS ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Akbar Safarzadeh, Shadi Alizadeh Marallo
Summary: This paper presents the experimental and numerical simulation results on the hydromechanics of trapezoidal asymmetric piano key weirs and compares them with labyrinth weirs. The results show that increasing the sidewall angle in labyrinth weirs continuously increases the discharge capacity, while for piano key weirs, increasing the sidewall angle significantly improves efficiency at low to medium heads but has no significant impact at higher angles. The study also found that the high angle of the lateral spilling jet and the widening of the outlet keys improve the discharge efficiency of the piano key weir. Overall, piano key weirs perform better than labyrinth weirs.
JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Jamal Feili, Mohammad Heidarnejad, Alireza Masjedi, Mehdi AsadiLour
Summary: This study focused on trapezoidal arced labyrinth weirs (TALW) of widened middle cycle, and results showed that with a decrease in specific geometric parameter ratios, the discharge coefficient of these weirs would increase significantly.
FLOW MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Anees K. Idrees, Riyadh Al-Ameri
Summary: The present study investigates the hydraulic characteristics and energy dissipation of compound labyrinth weirs. The results show that a higher sidewall angle increases the compound coefficient of discharge for compound labyrinth weirs. Additionally, the energy dissipation improvement of compound labyrinth weirs is better than that of linear weirs.
FLOW MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Binit Kumar, Subhojit Kadia, Zulfequar Ahmad
Summary: The study found that upstream siltation has no significant impact on the discharge efficiency of submerged piano key weirs, but there can be a maximum reduction of 4% in the coefficient of discharge under free-flow conditions. For channels with high sediment load, planners and designers must consider these variations when designing for submerged piano key weirs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xiaoyang Shen, Mario Oertel
Summary: The study found that optimizing the key width ratio can significantly increase the discharge capacity of trapezoidal piano key weirs (TPKW), which are more efficient at high relative heads compared to rectangular PKWs. However, they are less efficient at low relative heads due to the shorter total crest length. The optimal key width ratio ranges are likely to be within 1.30 to 1.57 for TPKW and 1.50 to 1.77 for RPKW.
JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Forough Alizadeh Sanami, Mohammad Hadi Afshar, Mojtaba Saneie
Summary: The present study experimentally evaluated the hydraulic characteristics of a B-type triangular piano key weir and proposed equations for estimating the discharge coefficient. It was found that the triangular PKW had a flow rate up to three times higher than that of a linear weir, with the sloping triangular surface aiding in the quick transfer of flow. Empirical equations for the discharge coefficient were presented, with sensitivity analysis revealing the most important dimensionless parameter for estimating the coefficient.
IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Subhojit Kadia, Elena Pummer, Binit Kumar, Nils Ruether, Zulfequar Ahmad
Summary: This study proposed an empirical equation for the discharge coefficient of Piano Key Weirs (PKWs) using a wide range of data points collected from previous experimental studies. The appropriateness of existing equations for the collected data points and the related errors were investigated through graphical and statistical analyses. The proposed equation predicted discharge coefficients with high accuracy for a wide range of parametric conditions, making it useful in hydraulic design.
JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wyatt Lantz, Brian Mark Crookston, Michele Palermo
Summary: The study conducted systematic experiments to investigate the impact of different lengths of horizontal apron configurations on downstream scour geometry. The results showed that a horizontal apron can significantly reduce scour caused by plunging jets from the weir, with a length 1.5 times the height of the weir leading to a significant reduction in scour depth.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Mehdi Osroush, Seyed Abbas Hosseini, Amir Abbas Kamanbedast
Summary: The study found that in abutments equipped with slots only, the closer the slot is to the channel wall, the better its performance. Research on collars showed that protecting only the upstream face of the abutment is not enough to prevent down flows due to horseshoe and wake vortices, but the downstream faces of collars play a significant role in reducing scour. The combination of a slot and a collar was found to be more effective in reducing scour compared to using collars or slots alone.
IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Ali Ghozat, Ahmad Sharafati, Seyed Abbas Hosseini
Summary: The study evaluated the CHIRPS satellite precipitation product in different climate regions of Iran and found that its performance depends on time scale, precipitation depth, and climate type. The product performed best at the annual time scale and worst at the daily time scale, with higher accuracy in the south and southwest regions of the country.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Alireza Mosalman Yazdi, S. Abbas Hoseini, Sohrab Nazari, Nosratollah Amanian
Summary: Research on downstream scouring of Piano Key Weirs (PKWs) is limited and weir geometry and height impact scouring in the downstream. Scour hole parameters increase with discharge rate and weir height in both rectangular and trapezoidal models. Under similar discharge conditions, rectangular models have greater scour depth downstream compared to trapezoidal models.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Maryam Nayyeri, Seyed Abbas Hosseini, Saman Javadi, Ahmad Sharafati
Summary: Distributed modeling offers a more accurate assessment of groundwater stress index, revealing the relationship between highly stressed areas and agricultural land in the Varamin aquifer. The results show that future scenarios can help reduce water stress and its increasing trend effectively.
NATURAL RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Reza Asheghi, Seyed Abbas Hosseini, Mojtaba Sanei
Summary: Bedload transport has been studied using different modeling approaches, with the potential of intelligent techniques highlighted for developing more accurate predictive models. This study introduces an optimum hybridized artificial neural network with firefly metaheuristic algorithm, showing significant improvement in accuracy compared to empirical equations. The hybrid model demonstrated better performance in providing closer and more compatible outputs to measurements, with discharge and velocity identified as the most effective factors on predicted bedload.
MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Water Resources
Seyed Abbas Hosseini, Abbas Abbaszadeh Shahri, Reza Asheghi
Summary: Modularity as a system of separate and independent sub-tasks is proposed to improve the performance of artificial neural network models in hydrological processes. The block combined neural network (BCNN) structure incorporated with genetic algorithm and an additional decision block is suggested in this study. Results show that BCNN outperforms other ANNs and empirical models in bedload prediction.
HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Mahta Samie, Seyed Hossein Mohajeri, Seyed Abbas Hosseini, Mojtaba Mehraein
Summary: This study numerically examined the performance of an in-stream hydro-kinetic turbine and its impacts on a simplified river channel flow. The results showed that the turbine installation location significantly affects the natural flow structure of the compound channel, while having minimal effects on the bed shear stress. Installing the turbine at the interaction zone of the compound open-channel yielded the highest maximum power coefficient.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Abolfazl Hanifehlou, Seyed Abbas Hosseini, Saman Javadi, Ahmad Sharafati
Summary: Population growth and increasing demand for water pose a challenge to access to safe water resources, especially considering the complexity added by climate change and land use. This study aimed to investigate methods of managing, protecting, and sustainably using groundwater resources under changing climate and land use conditions. The results showed that effective management scenarios can protect aquifer reserves and ensure sustainable exploitation of groundwater resources.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ebrahim Aghabeiki Arani, Seyed Abbas Hosseini, Saman Javadi, Reza Ghazavi
Summary: This study investigates the reasons for the salinization of the Kashan aquifer in arid and semi-arid regions. Through qualitative studies and chemical analysis of observation wells, it is found that irregular groundwater extraction and saline water intrusion from a salt lake are the main causes of salinization. Simulation results also predict an increase in the number of affected wells in the next 50 years if current pumping activities continue. Proper management of groundwater and aquifer protection is crucial to address this critical situation.
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
S. Z. Yaghoubi, S. A. Hosseini, G. N. Bidhendi, A. Sharafati
Summary: In recent years, soil pollution in urban parks has become a significant problem, leading to various diseases and ecological risks. This study investigated the concentration of heavy metals in the soil of parks in Tehran, and found that lead and cadmium had higher release potential and were more hazardous than other metals. The participation of certain metals in the manganese and iron oxide phases indicated their role as strong metal absorbers. Automobile traffic was identified as the primary source of heavy metal release in the soils of urban parks in Tehran.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Shahokh Soltaninia, Lobat Taghavi, Seyed Abbas Hosseini, Baharak Motamedvaziri, Saeid Eslamian
Summary: This study simulated the effects of land-use changes on runoff pollution in Tehran, Iran. The study found variations in pollutant concentrations among different land-use types in the catchment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF URBAN SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Aliakbar Karamvand, Seyed Abbas Hosseini, Ahmad Sharafati
Summary: In this study, soil moisture data in a high humidity climate in northern Iran were collected using remote sensing and field measurement. A new agricultural drought index was proposed based on the validated data. The extreme learning machine model with sigmoid activation function yielded the best performance. Daily surface soil moisture was predicted and compared to SMAP data, and a new regional agricultural drought index was proposed. Further investigation is needed to verify the reliability of the index in other climates.
Article
Ecology
Mohammad Hossein Shahani, Vahid Rezaverdinejad, Seyed Abbas Hosseini, Nasrin Azad
Summary: This research uses a hybrid application of deep learning and LARS-WG6 to predict the impact of climate change on river flow variation in different climates of Iran (CSA: cold semi-arid; HT: humid temperate; CA: cold arid). The findings show that projected rainfall changes in 2021-2040 compared to the base period will vary depending on the emission scenarios, with maximum discharge also being affected. Considering the effect of climate and seasonal changes in each region is necessary for extracting adaptation strategies in water resources management.
ECOHYDROLOGY & HYDROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mohammad Milad Salamttalab, Behnam Parmas, Hedi Alee, Farhad Hooshyaripor, Ali Danandeh Mehr, Hamidreza Vosoughifar, Seyed Abbas Hosseini, Mohsen Maghrebi, Roohollah Noori
Summary: This study proposes a numerical model to investigate a dam-break problem, which was evaluated and validated through experimental data and analytical solutions. The results show that the model has small errors and can capture the shock wave effectively.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Alireza Mosalman Yazdi, Sabbas Hoseini, Sohrab Nazari, Meysam Fazeli
Summary: This study investigates the scour behavior and scour rate downstream of PKWs with rectangular and trapezoidal geometries and compares them for the first time. Experimental models of both types of PKWs were constructed and tested under different discharges and tailwater depths. The results show that the scour hole characteristics increase with discharge and decrease in tailwater depth in both models. The rectangular PKW model produces higher scour depths than the trapezoidal model, but this difference decreases with increasing discharge and upstream head.
SADHANA-ACADEMY PROCEEDINGS IN ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Budi Rochmanto, Hari Setiapraja, Ihwan Haryono, Siti Yubaidah
Summary: This study calibrates a turbine flowmeter for compressed natural gas (CNG) application by using air as a substitute and simulating the kinematic viscosity property of CNG. The research shows that by using air instead of CNG, the flowmeter can achieve accurate measurements with a measurement uncertainty of less than 1%.
FLOW MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Mona Mary Varghese, Chaithanya P. Devan, Samiksha M. Masram, Teja Reddy Vakamalla
Summary: This work investigated the influence of particle shape on fluidization behavior at different inlet superficial gas velocities. The experiments were conducted using a laboratory-scale 3D circular fluidized bed column with Geldart D particles of various shapes. The results showed that non-spherical particles had lower minimum fluidization velocities and higher bed expansion compared to spherical particles. Particle shape significantly affected solids holdup, with spherical particles exhibiting higher solids holdup at the same superficial velocity. Frequency domain analysis of pressure signals using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Power Spectral Density (PSD) revealed flow regime transitions associated with changes in particle shape.
FLOW MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Ruiming Yu, Yunyan Ma, Kuaile Liu, Xiangyu Liu
Summary: A single-seat control valve with stable flow regulation is researched and designed to address technical problems such as unstable flow at small openings and uneven force on the valve core. The mechanical and flow characteristics, as well as thermal stress, are analyzed through simulations and tests. The results show that the designed valve meets the requirements.
FLOW MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Alcemir Costa de Souza, Ewerton Emmanuel da Silva Calixto, Fernando Luiz Pellegrini Pessoa, Valeria L. da Sila, Luiz Octavio Vieira Pereira
Summary: This study proposes a simple CO2 meter for accurately measuring the CO2 content in Brazilian pre-salt production flows. By analyzing the pressure change during a heating assay of an imprisoned sample, the proposed meter is capable of identifying the mixture properties under different CO2 levels.
FLOW MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Mehdi Asadi, S. Abbas Hosseini, Kaveh Ahangari
Summary: Due to technical issues with bottom intake racks, porous intakes made of rock, gravel, or sand can be a viable alternative. This study used an experimental model to assess the performance of porous bottom intakes (PBI) and examined the impacts of various parameters such as channel slope, grain size distribution of the porous media, intake structure geometry, and water depth in the channel on diverted flow rates during sediment-free flow. The study also compared the performance of one-sided and three-sided PBI models under the same conditions. The findings suggest that a slope of 1% yields higher discharge coefficient and diverted flow compared to a slope of 1.68%, and three-sided PBI models outperform one-sided models in terms of flow rate. A formula utilizing nonlinear multivariate regression, experimental data, and dimensional analysis was proposed for calculating the discharge coefficient of PBI, with a high accuracy rate of over 95%.
FLOW MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION
(2024)
