Article
Engineering, Civil
Xueting Wang, Claus Erik Weinell, Louise Ring, Soren Kiil
Summary: This study investigates the potential application of two boron compounds in epoxy-based hydrocarbon intumescent coatings, with 4TBPBA showing promising results as a more environmentally friendly and effective alternative to commonly used ZB or BA.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Dustin Hassler, Sascha Hothan
Summary: This paper presents real-scale fire tests of intumescent coatings applied to steel tension members, comparing foaming behavior and failure mechanisms, analyzing influences of various parameters on coating performance, and emphasizing the essentiality of mechanically loaded fire tests in accurately assessing the contribution of coatings to fire resistance.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
J. F. Marques, A. F. Baldissera, M. R. Silveira, A. C. Dornelles, C. A. Ferreira
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of intumescent coatings based on chemically modified tannin in passive fire protection. The chemical modification of tannins was carried out with phosphorus pentoxide or phytic acid. It was found that all coatings provided good fire protection, and the temperature of the steel substrate after 30 min of the experiment did not exceed 130 degrees C in the formulations where only the chemically modified tannin with the expandable graphite was used.
JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Burak Ulusoy, Aixiao Fu, Hafeez Ahmadi, Kim Dam-Johansen, Hao Wu
Summary: This study investigates the fire protection performance of inorganic intumescent alkali silicate and geopolymer coatings in hydrocarbon fires. Geopolymer coatings have higher thermal stability, and kaolin-based coatings provide the best fire protection. However, improvements are needed compared to commercial coatings.
JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jiaqing Zhang, Yi Guo, Wenlong Shao, Fei Xiao
Summary: In this study, a new eco-friendly biomass-based intumescent coating was developed to enhance the fire resistance and fire retardancy of steel structures. The combination of natural and sustainable biomass materials promoted the formation of a dense char layer, reducing the heat release rate and fire growth rate significantly. The mechanism of action was elucidated by various analysis techniques. This eco-friendly coating provides a strategy for developing green fire protection systems.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Feiyue Wang, Hui Liu, Long Yan
Summary: Tungsten tailing, a large amount of solid waste in tungsten metal production, poses a challenge with no effective treatment method available. However, the synthesis of TTF-LDH from tungsten tailing through co-precipitation offers a feasible solution. The structure and properties of TTF-LDH were confirmed using XRD, SEM, and FTIR. Through the combination of TTF-LDH and intumescent flame retardants (IFR), a series of intumescent fire resistance coatings were achieved. The addition of TTF-LDH significantly enhanced the smoke suppression and fire-resistant abilities of the coatings.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Agronomy
Muthuvel Jothi, Junpei Takano
Summary: This article provides a critical review of the molecular mechanisms involved in boron transport under limited and excess boron conditions. It focuses on various boron transport proteins and their regulation, mainly in Arabidopsis thaliana, and summarizes research progress in other crop plants. Understanding the complex regulatory mechanisms of boron transport can help develop high-yielding plants under fluctuating boron conditions.
Review
Engineering, Civil
Jochen A. H. Dreyer, Claus Erik Weinell, Kim Dam-Johansen, Soren Kiil
Summary: Commercial intumescent coatings are evaluated based on industrial standards, while academic research lacks clear guidelines for characterization, resulting in diverse experimental approaches. This complicates comparisons between coatings characterized using different methods and provides limited insight into performance under industrial fire test conditions. Different heating conditions and in-situ characterization techniques in academic literature are discussed to aid researchers in evaluating reports and improving experimental approaches.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Krzysztof Kowalczyk, Agnieszka Kowalczyk
Summary: The use of cocoa shell powder in intumescent coatings based on poly(vinyl acetate) was investigated as a natural substitute for pentaerythritol. The addition of cocoa shell powder improved the charring processes, intumescence effectiveness, thermal insulation time parameters, and compression strength of the coatings. The best performance was observed with the mixture of pentaerythritol and cocoa shell powder containing 10% organic component.
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Wang Zhan, Lei Ni, Zhaozhan Gu, Fusheng Cui, Juncheng Jiang, Le Chen
Summary: Mixed carbon materials of carbon nanotubes and graphene were used as a fire retardant filler in fire resistive coatings. The combination showed synergistic effects on fire protection and thermal stability, with a weight ratio of 3:1 yielding excellent fire resistance. SEM, EDS, and XRD analysis revealed the morphology and composition of the carbon chars, indicating a higher graphene content resulted in improved water resistance, mechanical properties, and adhesion.
Article
Polymer Science
Xian-Wei Cheng, Wen Zhang, Yan-Xiang Wu, Yi-Dan Ma, Jing-Tao Xu, Jin-Ping Guan
Summary: The study prepared borate functionalized caramel (BF-Car) product using glucose and synthesized ethanolamine borate ester, which was then applied as an effective intumescent flame retardant (FR) system for wool fabric. The treated wool fabric showed improved fire safety with reduced smoke and heat emission.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Linyuan Wang, Jiajie Zhu, Hongbo Deng, Ruiqi Lyu, Yue Wei, Xubin Lan
Summary: In this study, ceria was used as an additive to prepare cyclic phosphate ester-melamine epoxy fire-retardant coatings, and the effect of ceria on the fireproof performance of the coatings was analyzed. The results showed that ceria significantly improved the fire resistance and smoke suppression property of the coatings. Thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscope observation of the residual char indicated that the addition of ceria improved the thermal stability and foam structure of the coatings.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yulong Zhu, Feng Zhang, Liping Xing, Weilun Xie, Yunfei Cheng
Summary: The thermal protection process of intumescent coatings was studied using a cone calorimeter. A detailed heat transfer model was presented and the thermal properties of the coating were measured and fitted into the model. The simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental results, indicating that the model can predict the intumescent behavior of the coating in a fire.
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Richard Fuerst, Dustin Haessler, Sascha Hothan
Summary: Intumescent coatings are commonly used in civil engineering to improve the fire resistance of steel constructions, especially in the case of tension bars with circular or rectangular solid sections. Research shows that the performance of intumescent coatings is influenced by profile types and bar orientations.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Atif Hussain, Veronic Landry, Pierre Blanchet, Doan-Trang Hoang, Christian Dagenais
Summary: By modifying ammonium polyphosphate, intumescent coatings with improved resistance to water, humidity, and fire were prepared. The coatings showed enhanced fire-retarding properties on wood samples, making them potentially useful in the bio-based construction industry.
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Musa Has, Aysegul Erdem, Lemiye Atabek Savas, Umit Tayfun, Mehmet Dogan
Summary: The addition of expandable graphite improves the flame retardant and mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composites, but reduces their thermal stability.
JOURNAL OF THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hajar Bouzmane, Suha Tirkes, Volkan Murat Yilmaz, Umit Tayfun, Seha Tirkes
Summary: In this study, quartz and feldspar powders were surface treated using a silane coupling agent to improve their compatibility with the polymer matrix. The effects of surface treatments on the mechanical and thermo-mechanical properties of TPU-based composites were investigated. Results showed that the enrichment of quartz and feldspar surfaces improved the performance of the composites, with quartz exhibiting slightly higher performance due to its silica-rich composition. The silane layer on the mineral surface also acted as a barrier to water uptake of the composites.
JOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yavuz Aydogan, Lemiye Atabek Savas, Aysegul Erdem, Firat Hacioglu, Mehmet Dogan
Summary: The properties of fiber samples affect the flammability characteristics of composite materials. The influence of phosphorus-based fire retardants on glass fiber-based materials has been well studied, but the effects on carbon fiber-based composites need further understanding. In this study, four different phosphorus compounds were used to investigate their effects on the flammability of composites.
FIRE AND MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hatice Kavuncuoglu, Hasan Yalcin, Mehmet Dogan
Summary: Active nanocomposite films (ANFs) were generated by incorporating titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles into low-density polyethylene (LDPE) using melt blowing technique. The film properties and migration characteristics of Ti and Zn nanoparticles into minced beef were analyzed. The migration of Ti nanoparticles was greater compared to Zn nanoparticles.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Aysegul Erdem, Mehmet Dogan
Summary: In this study, ductile green fire retardant PLA composites were produced by incorporating hydromagnesite & huntite (HH) as a natural fire retardant additive and acetyl tributyl citrate as a bio-based plasticizer. The effects of plasticizer and HH contents on the fire retardant, thermal and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. The results showed that the addition of 20 wt% plasticizer decreased the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value and changed the UL-94 V rating, while the peak and average heat release rates increased with higher plasticizer concentrations.
JOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alperen Kaplan, Aysegul Erdem, Cagrialp Arslan, Soner Savas, Umit Tayfun, Mehmet Dogan
Summary: The development of polymeric nanocomposites provides a practical strategy to achieve weight reduction and enhance performance in structural applications. Polyamide 6 (PA6) is highly potential due to its high mechanical properties. In this study, four different silicon-containing nanomaterials (nanoclay, halloysite nanotube, dodecaphenyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, and silica nanoparticles) are compared based on their reinforcing activities through various analyses. The best performance in different behaviors of composites is observed with different nanofillers.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Umit Tayfun, Alinda Oykue Akar, Frat Hacoglu, Mehmet Dogan
Summary: Tuning the chemical functionality of lignocellulosic fiber through different modification routes enhances the interfacial adhesion of composite materials. Surface-modified coconut fiber improves the tensile strength and hardness of composites, and optimizes the thermo-mechanical response of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Silane-modified coconut fiber composite exhibits the lowest water uptake due to the hydrophobic behavior of the silane layer. SEM investigations confirm the increased interfacial interaction between the TPU matrix and modified coconut fiber. The chemically enriched surface of coconut fiber improves the performance of composites by enhancing the adhesion in the TPU-coconut fiber interface.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Umit Tayfun
Summary: In order to overcome compatibility leakage between composite phases, additives' chemical nature needs to be optimized. The surface of basalt fiber (BF) was chemically enriched via biobased epoxy resin sizing and functional silanization process to improve its interfacial adhesion. Surface properties were examined using SEM/EDX and FTIR analyses. Findings showed that surface-modified BF improved the tensile strength and hardness of composites. The results confirmed that enhanced interfacial adhesion led to performance improvements for BF-loaded EPU composites.
JOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Soner Savas, Hilal Pecenek, Lemiye Atabek Savas, Mehmet Dogan
Summary: The main purpose of this research is to investigate the use of ceramic microspheres as a filler in polyamide 6 to enhance its mechanical and wear resistance properties. The study demonstrates that the addition of ceramic microspheres significantly improves the mechanical and wear resistance properties of the composites, including tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, and flexural modulus. Specifically, the composite containing 40% ceramic microspheres exhibits 60% higher wear resistance compared to pure polyamide 6.
JOURNAL OF REINFORCED PLASTICS AND COMPOSITES
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Aysegul Erdem, Mehmet Dogan
Summary: In this study, aluminum phytate (AlPt) was used with huntite-hydromagnesite (HH) in plasticized poly(lactic acid) (PLA) to improve the fire-retardant performance of the composite. The composite's flame retardant, thermal, and mechanical properties were investigated using various tests. The results showed that the addition of both HH and AlPt improved the fire-retardant performance, with the highest LOI value and UL-94 rating achieved at 5% AlPt and 55% HH. The addition of AlPt did not affect the flammability properties, but it enhanced char formation and barrier properties in the condensed phase.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Aysenur Mutlu, Aysegul Erdem, Mehmet Dogan
Summary: Using waste materials like chicken feathers and biobased flame-retardant additives has been proven to be an effective method for environmentally friendly and sustainable production. This study investigates the flame retardant effectiveness of melamine phytate (MPht) in thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)-based biocomposites containing chicken feathers. Test results show that the highest UL-94 V rating of V0, a LOI value of 29.4%, and the lowest pHRR (110 Kw/m²) and THE (39 MJ/m²) values are achieved with the use of 20 wt% MPht. It is demonstrated that MPht acts as an effective flame-retardant filler through intumescent char formation and flame dilution.
Proceedings Paper
Polymer Science
Alinda Oyku Akar, Umit Hakan Yildiz, Umit Tayfun
Summary: In this study, the reinforcement of polyamide 6 (PA) matrix using purified, fine ground, and amino-silane treated halloysite nanotubes (HINT) at different concentrations was carried out. Mechanical test results showed slight improvements in tensile strength and Youngs' modulus with the addition of HINT. The addition of amino silane-modified HINT resulted in higher impact performance at concentrations up to 3%, while further addition of HINT caused a reduction in mechanical parameters.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 36TH CONFERENCE OF THE POLYMER PROCESSING SOCIETY, PPS36
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Sedef Sismanoglu, Yasin Kanbur, Carmen-Mihaela Popescu, Diana Kindzera, Umit Tayfun
Summary: In recent years, scientific research has focused on environmentally friendly solutions for plastic-waste problems. In this study, mussel shells were integrated into green thermoplastic polyurethane composites and their surface modification improved the adhesion between composite phases. The modified composite materials showed enhanced mechanical and thermal properties compared to unmodified materials, along with improved wear resistance and water repellency. Furthermore, the addition of mussel shells increased the biodegradation rate of the composites, making them more environmentally friendly than pure polyurethane.
WASTE DISPOSAL & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
(2023)
