Journal
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
Volume 48, Issue 14, Pages -Publisher
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
DOI: 10.1029/2021GL092824
Keywords
Argo; GRACE; GRACE-FO; satellite altimetry; sea level; sea level budget
Categories
Funding
- European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (GRACEFUL Synergy Grant) [855677]
- CNES
- ESA through the MPC-S3 project
- French national program LEFE (Les Enveloppes Fluides de l'Environnement) - GMMC (Groupe Mission Mercator-Coriolis) by the CRATERE project
- NASA [1478584, 80NSSC20K0820, 80NSSC19K1719, NNX17AG96G]
- NASA [1001621, NNX17AG96G] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
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Studies have shown that the global mean sea level (GMSL) budget was closed within uncertainties from 1993-2016, but non-closure was observed after 2016 with data from Jason-3, Argo, and GRACE/GRACE Follow-On. Errors in data sets used for estimating GMSL and its components may have contributed to this non-closure.
Over 1993-2016, studies have shown that the observed global mean sea level (GMSL) budget is closed within the current data uncertainties. However, non-closure of the budget was recently reported when using Jason-3, Argo and GRACE/GRACE Follow-On data after 2016. This non-closure may result from errors in the data sets used to estimate the GMSL and its components. Here, we investigate possible sources of errors affecting Jason-3 and Argo data. Comparisons of Jason-3 GMSL trends with other altimetry missions show good agreement within 0.4 mm/yr over 2016-present. Besides, the wet tropospheric correction uncertainty from the Jason-3 radiometer contributes to up to 0.2 mm/yr. Therefore, altimetry alone cannot explain the misfit in the GMSL budget observed after 2016. Argo-based salinity products display strong discrepancies since 2016, attributed to instrumental problems and data editing issues. Reassessment of the sea level budget with the thermosteric component provides about 40% improvement in the budget closure.
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