Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
David J. K. Balfour, Neal L. Benowitz, Suzanne M. Colby, Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Harry A. Lando, Scott J. Leischow, Caryn Lerman, Robin J. Mermelstein, Raymond Niaura, Kenneth A. Perkins, Ovide F. Pomerleau, Nancy A. Rigotti, Gary E. Swan, Kenneth E. Warner, Robert West
Summary: The topic of e-cigarettes is controversial, with focus on balancing the risks for young people and the potential for assisting smokers to quit. Public perception often sees e-cigarette use as equally or more dangerous than smoking, despite research suggesting otherwise. Policymakers need to weigh how to reduce youth vaping while increasing the likelihood of adult smoking cessation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Paula Garcia Sanchez, Irene Iglesias, Iker Falces-Romero, Maria Serrano-Villar, Cristina Calvo, Sonia Alcolea, Talia Sainz, Ana Mendez-Echevarria
Summary: In recent decades, there has been an increase in the number of pediatric transplantations and their survival rates. However, children undergoing transplantation often face psychological problems and a poorer quality of life. Pet ownership and animal contact have been found to have physical, mental, and social health benefits, but they can also pose risks of infection. Zoonotic infections, which are infectious diseases transmitted between animals and humans, are a major public health concern. This article reviews the epidemiology of zoonotic infections in pediatric patients undergoing transplantation and highlights the need for healthcare professionals to be aware of these risks and provide comprehensive information to patients and their families.
Article
Hematology
Claire E. Fraley, Christopher McKinney, Rachelle Nuss, Anna R. K. Franklin
Summary: Advancements in treatment have reduced mortality rates of Hodgkin lymphoma, necessitating greater focus on minimizing long-term effects. Currently, treatment regimens prioritize disease presentation rather than patient-specific comorbidities. This article discusses the case of a patient with sickle cell disease and Hodgkin lymphoma, outlining considerations made in treatment planning to minimize therapy-related acute toxicity and late effects that overlap with the patient's existing sickle cell disease complications.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Serena Oliveri, Lucilla Lanzoni, Jorien Veldwijk, G. Ardine de Wit, Serena Petrocchi, Rosanne Janssens, Elise Schoefs, Meredith Y. Smith, Ian Smith, Kristiaan Nackaerts, Marie Vandevelde, Evelyne Louis, Herbert Decaluwe, Paul De Leyn, Hanne Declerck, Francesco Petrella, Monica Casiraghi, Giulia Galli, Marina Chiara Garassino, Charis Girvalaki, Isabelle Huys, Gabriella Pravettoni
Summary: The combination of Immuno-Oncotherapy (IO) and chemotherapy (CT) has been found to be superior to IO or CT alone for the treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to quantify patients' preferences for treatment attributes and evaluate their maximum acceptable risk/benefit. An online preference survey using a discrete-choice experiment (DCE) was conducted among NSCLC patients from two hospitals in Italy and Belgium.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Raoul Sutter, Anja L. Junger, Sira M. Baumann, Pascale Grzonka, Pia De Stefano, Urs Fisch
Summary: According to international guidelines, anesthetics are recommended as third-line therapy for refractory status epilepticus. However, evidence for the efficacy and tolerability of this treatment is limited, and concerns about the risks of anesthesia remain. This review discusses the challenges of EEG-monitored third-line treatment and recent studies on earlier administration of anesthetics.
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nina A. Hilkens, Ale Algra, Hans Christoph Diener, Philip M. Bath, Laszlo Csiba, Werner Hacke, L. Jaap Kappelle, Peter J. Koudstaal, Didier Leys, Jean-Louis Mas, Ralph L. Sacco, Jacoba P. Greving
Summary: The study found that in patients at increased risk of bleeding, the net benefit of antiplatelet treatment is challenged. The risk of bleeding and recurrent ischemic events increases with predicted bleeding risk, but the risk of ischemic events remains consistently higher.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giuseppina Malcangi, Assunta Patano, Anna Maria Ciocia, Anna Netti, Fabio Viapiano, Irene Palumbo, Irma Trilli, Mariafrancesca Guglielmo, Alessio Danilo Inchingolo, Gianna Dipalma, Francesco Inchingolo, Elio Minetti, Angelo Michele Inchingolo
Summary: In recent years, there has been increased focus on the relationship between oxidation-reduction mechanisms and human health. Free radicals produced through cellular processes are the main drivers of oxidation and can cause cellular damage due to their instability. The body counters the harmful effects of free radicals by producing endogenous antioxidants and nutraceuticals have been found to have antioxidant capacity. Research is being conducted to understand the interaction between reactive oxygen species, exogenous antioxidants, and the microbiota to enhance protection against oxidative stress. This scoping review aims to map the scientific literature on oxidative stress and oral microbiota, and assess the available studies while identifying potential research gaps.
Article
Sport Sciences
Hamish Reid, Ashley Jane Ridout, Simone Annabella Tomaz, Paul Kelly, Natasha Jones
Summary: The benefits of physical activity for people living with long-term conditions (LTCs) are well established, while the risks are lower but perceived to be higher. Clear, consistent messaging on risk, individualized conversations, and gradual progression in activity levels are crucial in promoting physical activity in this population. Healthcare professionals should focus on addressing perceived risks and encouraging meaningful behavioral change in day-to-day practice.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Andreas Agouropoulos, Figen Seymen, Ari Kupietzky, Marcelo Boenecker
Summary: This study investigated the teaching status of paediatric dentistry at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels worldwide, and compared the differences in education based on country-level economic development. The findings showed that paediatric dentistry is universally taught at the undergraduate level, but significantly fewer courses are available at the postgraduate level, especially in lower-income countries.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yang Xiao, Qiang Xiao, Jindong Zhang
Summary: The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is experiencing accelerated degradation due to climate change and human activities, posing dual challenges of ecological degradation and poverty for residents. To address this, China has implemented extensive ecological restoration policies since the 1980s. This study proposes a universal framework to quantify the impacts of regional ecological policy on the plateau and surrounding countries, considering ecosystem services and flows process. The research shows that the implementation of ecological policy can protect the plateau's ecosystem and improve residents' livelihoods, but it may also lead to water conflicts between humans and nature.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Omar Ala'Alajjuri, Mayar Essam Samaha, Ulrich Honemeyer, Ghada Mohammed, Noha A. Mousa
Summary: This article shares the experience of adjusting the dose and duration of Indomethacin therapy in the treatment of severe polyhydramnios associated with antenatal Bartter syndrome. The amniotic fluid index, Ductus Arteriosus diameter, and umbilical artery doppler work together as key indicators to guide the success and safety of the therapy.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yusuff Adebayo Adebisi
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a silent pandemic that threatens the efficacy of antibiotics and other antimicrobials. It is imperative to take into account the ethical implications of how these resources are used and distributed as the world deals with this silent pandemic.
GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Habib Benzian, Eugenio Beltran-Aguilar, Richard Niederman
Summary: Dental teams and workplaces are highly exposed to infectious agents, requiring them to adapt to pandemic-related changes in dental care organization. A comparative analysis of guidance issued by key U.S. agencies revealed five main areas of pandemic control in dentistry, highlighting the importance of comprehensive decision-making and integration of clinical responses with infection control protocols in dental settings.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Martin S. Weber, Jacqueline A. Nicholas, Michael R. Yeaman
Summary: BTKis, a new class of therapeutics, are being evaluated for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) and their potential impact on COVID-19 risk, severity, and vaccine efficacy remains uncertain. While BTKis may indirectly affect T-cell responses during COVID-19 infection or vaccination, their specific effects on T-cell responses and interferon induction are not directly influenced. Preliminary data on BTKi use in patients with COVID-19 suggest potential benefits in attenuating hyperinflammatory dysregulation, but further research is needed to evaluate safety and efficacy in individuals with MS and potential risks relative to COVID-19 infection.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuan Gui, Xinchi Wang, Xi Chen, Qian Wang, Yuting Yin, Chao Song
Summary: A risk-benefit model was used to assess the impact of consuming Chinese mitten crabs on IQ, and it was found that the intake of crabs fed with iced trash fish resulted in a higher gain in IQ points compared to crabs fed with formulated feed.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)