Toxicity, bioaccumulation, and transformation of silver nanoparticles in aqua biota: a review

Due to their antimicrobial and anticancer properties, silver nanoparticles are highly used in sectors such as textile, food production, purification, sanitization, and health care. This induces the release of nanoparticles in ecosystems, followed by potential adverse effects on living organims. While chemical toxicity of nanoparticles has been already discussed, so far, there is no review that compares the impact of green fabricated and chemical-based silver nanoparticles toxicity on aquatic microcosms. Here, we review the effects of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles toxicity on aquatic flora and fauna. We present routes of exposure, transformation, toxicity, and accumulation of chemically and biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles in various aquatic life forms.

Automated summary

This review examines the toxicity of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles on aquatic flora and fauna, including exposure routes, transformation, toxicity, and accumulation. The differences in impact between chemically synthesized and biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles in aquatic ecosystems warrant further attention and research.