Article
Energy & Fuels
Yi Qiu, Dian Zhong, Kuo Zeng, Jun Li, Gilles Flamant, Ange Nzihou, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
Summary: This study analyzed the pyrolysis heavy components from 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde and vanillin at a molecular scale for the first time using FT-ICR-MS, revealing the evolution of different functional groups and pathways. Aldehyde groups were found to promote the formation of heavy components with more aromatic rings, while methoxy groups could compete for linking positions.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zengtong Deng, Yuanjing Chen, Song Hu, Sheng Su, Long Jiang, Jun Xu, Kai Xu, Yi Wang, Jun Xiang
Summary: Heavy components in bio-oils pose challenges for their utilization, but their content can be reduced through catalytic pyrolysis. In-situ catalysis at high temperatures can further suppress the polymerization of heavy components.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Roberto Palos, Timo Kekalainen, Frank Duodu, Alazne Gutierrez, Jose M. Arandes, Janne Janis, Pedro Castano
Summary: The composition of tire pyrolysis oil blended with light cycle oil and its hydrotreated products were studied using analytical techniques, showing that hydrotreating can minimize the effects of higher boiling point species and oxygenates originating from the pyrolysis of tires, while improving the quality and quantity of gasoline and diesel fractions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yi Qiu, Dian Zhong, Kuo Zeng, Jun Li, Gilles Flamant, Ange Nzihou, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
Summary: This study investigated the influence of cellulose-lignin interaction on the evolution of biomass pyrolysis bio-oil heavy components. The results showed that the interaction between cellulose and lignin promoted the generation of lipids and unsaturated hydrocarbons while inhibiting the generation of condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, phenolic species, and sugars.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhe Xiong, Junhao Guo, Hengda Han, Jun Xu, Long Jiang, Sheng Su, Song Hu, Yi Wang, Jun Xiang
Summary: The alkali/alkaline earth metal species (AAEMs) in biomass significantly affect the formation of heavy components in bio-oil during pyrolysis, promoting the breakage of active oxygen-containing functional groups. The catalytic effects of K and Ca differ, with K showing a stronger decomposition effect on large molecular weight compounds in heavy components compared to Ca.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lingfeng Xiao, Song Hu, Hengda Han, Qiangqiang Ren, Limo He, Long Jiang, Sheng Su, Yi Wang, Jun Xiang
Summary: OPAHs and SPAHs are highly genotoxic compounds formed during the thermal conversion of lignin. Higher temperatures lead to the conversion of oxygen-containing compounds into phenols, with guaiacol as a typical precursor of OPAHs, and the formation of disulfide, thiophene, and their homologues, which are precursors of SPAHs. Additionally, molecular mass and composition of OPAHs and SPAHs change significantly with temperature, and DFT calculations suggest higher temperatures promote the formation of these compounds through specific pathways.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Dian Zhong, Kuo Zeng, Jun Li, Yi Qiu, Gilles Flamant, Ange Nzihou, Vasilevich Sergey Vladimirovich, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
Summary: The evolution paths of heavy compounds during pyrolysis of biomass components were influenced by temperature, with phenolic-like substances being the most active during secondary reactions. Increasing temperature promoted secondary reactions of phenolic-like species while inhibiting reactions of hemicellulose. Lignin-derived lipids and unsaturated hydrocarbons increased with rising temperature, showing more complex evolution paths compared to cellulose and hemicellulose.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xiaopeng Jia, Yuechi Che, Jian Li, Beibei Yan, Zhanjun Cheng, Guanyi Chen, Juan Zhao
Summary: The study utilized PY-GC/MS to investigate the mechanism of biomass tar formation, establishing a new framework for tar production, identifying the significant role of secondary reactions in tar formation, and discovering key intermediates influencing tar generation.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyoung-Hwan Choi, Dong-Jin Seo, Yu-Jin Kim, San-Seong Cho, Yu-Jin Han, Inchan Yang, Chel-Woo Kim, Kyeongseok Oh, Jung-Chul An, Joo-Il Park
Summary: The removal of nitrogen from coal tar pitch (CTP) was evaluated using NiMo/γ-alumina and CoMo/γ-alumina catalysts. Mass spectrometry was used to analyze the chemical species of CTP and the treated products. The results showed that a single-stage hydrodenitrogenation treatment had low nitrogen removal performance, but combining hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation resulted in significantly improved nitrogen removal performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Linzheng Wang, Nachuan Li, Yubing Lu, Ruizhi Zhang, Zhengqi Sun, Shaozhuo Niu, Yonghao Luo
Summary: This paper investigates the product distribution and the effects of intraparticle secondary reactions during biomass pyrolysis at different temperatures and particle sizes. The results indicate that the extent of intraparticle secondary reactions is determined by both particle size and external temperature. The composition and evolution of tar are also influenced by particle size and temperature.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Qi He, Wei Deng, Kai Xu, Long Jiang, Jun Xu, Sheng Su, Xun Hu, Yi Wang, Song Hu, Jun Xiang
Summary: This study investigates the effect of torrefaction on the formation of heavy components in pyrolysis oil from automobile shredder residue (ASR). The results suggest that torrefaction enhances the interaction between volatile compounds and semi-char, leading to increased content of heavy components and decreased content of heavy components containing heteroatoms in the pyrolysis oil.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yi Qiu, Dian Zhong, Kuo Zeng, Jun Li, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
Summary: In this study, the secondary polymerization and side chain conversion reactions of primary pyrolytic lignin monomers were simulated by pyrolyzing lignin monomers at different temperatures. Phenolic oligomers were formed dominantly through radical coupling reactions of phenol radicals and methoxyl radicals. Different substituent patterns and the number of methoxyl groups significantly influenced the generation of heavy components. Rising temperature promoted the generation of heavy components through additions of CH2, OCH2, and C6H4O.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Anna Trubetskaya, Robert Johnson, Rory F. D. Monaghan, Andrezza S. Ramos, Anders Brunsvik, Bernd Wittgens, Yinglei Han, Italo Pisano, James J. Leahy, Vitaliy Budarin
Summary: Advancement in analytical methodology is crucial for the commercialization of biorefinery and torrefaction products. Chemical characterization allows identification of various compounds, with Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer showing promise for tar analysis.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Kang Xu, Jun Li, Kuo Zeng, Dian Zhong, Jing Peng, Yi Qiu, Gilles Flamant, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
Summary: This study provides insights into the characteristics of nitrogen-containing compounds during protein-rich spirulina platensis pyrolysis in a ternary eutectic carbonate. The results show that molten carbonate significantly reduces the nitrogen-containing compounds content in bio-oil and heavy bio-oil, and plays an important role in the depolymerization and conversion processes.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunyun Li, Guangzhi Liao, Zhengmao Wang, Rigu Su, Shuai Ma, Hui Zhang, Liangang Wang, Xusheng Wang, Jingjun Pan, Quan Shi
Summary: This study investigated the molecular changes associated with coke formation during in-situ combustion (ISC) by conducting a thermal oxidation experiment on heavy crude oil. The results showed that oxidation and thermal cracking are both important reactions in the simulated ISC process, and the molecular composition provides valuable insights into the behavior of coke formation from crude oil.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Ruiyi Huang, Xiaohao Liu, Fenglei Qi, Liangyuan Jia, Dongzhen Xu, Lu Wang, Peiyong Ma
Summary: This research successfully prepared high-performance carbon material PHAC from waste sawdust using H3PO4 hydrothermal combined with fast activation, showing excellent adsorption performance for different pollutants. The study found that the pretreatment promoted the formation of unstable structures, leading to the formation of pore structures and carbon nanospheres during activation.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yu Wang, Chengyuan Liu, Liangyuan Jia, Zhenlei Peng, Jianqiang Wang, Jiuzhong Yang, Yang Pan
Summary: Three molecular sieve-based catalysts, HZSM-5, HUSY, and Al-MCM-41, were utilized in the catalytic pyrolysis of ABS copolymer, with HZSM-5 and HUSY showing significant suppression of N-containing oligomers formation while Al-MCM-41 producing large amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. HUSY demonstrated better denitrogenation ability compared to HZSM-5. The study highlights the potential of SVUV-PIMS in investigating catalytic decomposition mechanisms of complex copolymers.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Peiqi Liu, Jiahui Huang, Ke Yang, Haifeng Zhuang, Lin Chen, Yang Pan, Jiuzhong Yang, Liangyuan Jia
Summary: The catalytic fast pyrolysis of biomass-derived model compounds was studied using HZSM-5 as the catalyst. The reaction dynamics and chemistry were monitored using a single photoionization mass spectrometer. The conversion and role of important intermediates were discussed, and a reaction pathway network was proposed. The results showed different formation pathways for large aromatic hydrocarbons depending on the type of model compound, and the catalyst deactivation was associated with the removal of oxygen atoms. The performance of commercial HZSM-5 in biomass upgrading was found to be unsatisfactory.
Article
Thermodynamics
Ke Yang, Kai Wu, Huiyan Zhang
Summary: This study aims to predict the yield and oxygen content of bio-oil using machine learning tools, with the Random Forest algorithm showing successful results. The Proximate-Yield model and Ultimate-O model exhibit the best performance in predicting bio-oil yield and oxygen content, respectively. Feature importance analysis highlights the significance of heating rate in predicting bio-oil yield, and the internal information of biomass in predicting bio-oil oxygen content over pyrolysis conditions.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yingying Qian, Peiqi Liu, Haifeng Zhuang, Lin Chen, Liangyuan Jia, Jiuzhong Yang, Yang Pan, Yingquan Chen
Summary: This study investigated the catalytic fast pyrolysis of blue-green algae and its nitrogenous model compounds using advanced experimental setup and online mass spectrometry. Through statistical analysis of mass spectra, six different product groups were identified under different biomass-to-catalyst ratios (BCR), and the reaction pathways of catalytic conversion were proposed.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhiguo Dong, Anthony Dufour, Richard Laine, Sebastien Leclerc, Liangyuan Jia, Yingquan Chen, Xianhua Wang, Hanping Chen, Haiping Yang
Summary: In this study, the mechanism of borate crosslinking on lignin softening and pyrolysis process was investigated. It was found that the shielding of hydroxyl groups by borate inhibits the decomposition of lignin but improves the selectivity to phenols, and more oxygenated groups remain in the char.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Haifeng Zhuang, Lin Chen, Qiang Xu, Bingzhi Liu, Peiqi Liu, Zhandong Wang, Liangyuan Jia
Summary: A photoionization database related to ionization energies (IEs) and photoionization cross-sections (PICSs) of biomass-derived compounds (m/z < 200) has been established. Most biomass-derived compounds have low PICSs at the commonly used photoionization energy of 10.5 eV. Lignin-derived compounds have lower IEs than carbohydrate-derived compounds.
RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Peng Zou, Shu-Ya Zhang, Liangyuan Jia, Zeng-Yang He, Jun-Sheng Shu, Chun-Hua Liu, Yuan-Yuan Zhu
Summary: The thermal stability of volatile flavors can be improved through a novel complexation strategy, which also allows for effective regulation of the release temperature of flavors.
THERMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ke Yang, Kai Wu, Fangzhou Li, Liangyuan Jia, Sheng Wang, Huiyan Zhang
Summary: Researchers have paid much attention to the co-pyrolysis of biomass feedstock with plastics in order to overcome the limitation of high oxygen content in biomass for its widespread utilization. They investigated the synergistic effects during co-pyrolysis of bamboo sawdust (BS) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) using photoionization mass spectrometry (PI-MS). Statistical analysis revealed that a suitable LDPE/BS ratio of at least 1:1 enhances the synergetic effects of co-pyrolysis. LDPE promotes the conversion of BS-derivatives to low molecular weight oxygenated compounds, while the decomposition of LDPE is enhanced by BS pyrolysis products. The synergetic effect between LDPE and lignin is more significant than that between LDPE and cellulose or hemicellulose. Moreover, the use of RF and LSTM algorithms successfully predicts the TG curves of BS/LDPE mixtures, overcoming the limitation of quantitative information from PI-MS analysis.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yingying Qian, Zhandong Wang, Lin Chen, Peiqi Liu, Liangyuan Jia, Bin Dong, Heng Li, Siyu Xu
Summary: In this study, the pyrolysis behavior of HTPB and HTPE as binders for rocket propellants was investigated using SPI-MS and GC-MS. The results provided insights into the formation of volatile and condensed products during the pyrolysis process. The decomposition pathways of HTPB and HTPE were proposed and discussed based on the experimental findings.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Peiqi Liu, Wanyun Shao, Zhen Yang, Jiuzhong Yang, Liangyuan Jia, Yang Pan, Zhongyue Zhou, Yingquan Chen, Fei Qi
Summary: Through the combination of a low-pressure reactor and an in situ synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization molecular beam mass spectrometer (SVUV-PI-MBMS), important reactive intermediates can be detected and characterized, and the dynamics of volatile formation can also be studied. The catalytic pyrolysis of furanic compounds over HZSM-5 revealed the production of reactive intermediates such as formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, which were found to be mainly produced through side-chain cracking on the external surface of the zeolite. Reactive methylcyclopenadienes (MCPDs) were also formed and further converted to methylbenzenes (MBs) via ring-expansion.
Article
Thermodynamics
Lin Chen, Ke Yang, Jiahui Huang, Peiqi Liu, Jiuzhong Yang, Yang Pan, Fenglei Qi, Liangyuan Jia
Summary: This study successfully investigates the kinetic process of flash pyrolysis of cellulose using a combination of a microfluidized-bed reactor and a single photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The results demonstrate the potential and reliability of this method for studying the flash pyrolysis of solid fuels.
APPLICATIONS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE
(2022)