Article
Neurosciences
Giulia Poggi, Jamie Albiez, Christopher R. Pryce
Summary: This study explores the impact of chronic social stress (CSS) on the oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and amygdala (AMY) of mice. The findings suggest that CSS leads to increased myelination in the mPFC and alterations in OL populations in both the mPFC and AMY, which may contribute to excessive aversion learning and memory observed in stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF STRESS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jun Zhao, Licheng Mo, Rong Bi, Zhenhong He, Yuming Chen, Feng Xu, Hui Xie, Dandan Zhang
Summary: The study found that both the DLPFC and VLPFC play a role in facilitating the downregulation of affective responses caused by social exclusion, demonstrating their causal role in voluntary emotional regulation. Additionally, these two cortical regions show relative functional specificity for distraction (DLPFC) and reappraisal (VLPFC) strategies.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maya Golan, Avivit Krivitsky, Karin Mausner-Fainberg, Moshe Benhamou, Ifat Vigiser, Keren Regev, Hadar Kolb, Arnon Karni
Summary: The study found an increased expression of ephrins on immune cells of patients with RR-MS, especially on T cell subpopulations. This overexpression of ephrins has an inhibitory effect on the differentiation capacity of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Feng-Yi Yang, Li-Hsin Huang, Meng-Ting Wu, Zih-Yun Pan
Summary: This study explored the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on remyelination and resident cells in a demyelination model. The results showed that LIPUS can significantly increase myelin basic protein (MBP) expression, inhibit glial cell activation, enhance mature oligodendrocyte density, and promote brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the lesion site. In addition, LIPUS treatment resulted in the presence of a heterogeneous population of microglia with various morphologies in the demyelination lesion.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Peter Falkai, Moritz J. Rossner, Florian J. Raabe, Elias Wagner, Daniel Keeser, Isabel Maurus, Lukas Roell, Emily Chang, Johanna Seitz-Holland, Thomas G. Schulze, Andrea Schmitt
Summary: There is a disconnectivity between hippocampal and prefrontal brain regions in schizophrenia, which leads to cognitive impairment. The deficient maturation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) contributes to abnormal frontotemporal connectivity and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Aerobic exercise training can increase hippocampal volume, specifically in the CA4 region, and improve cognition in individuals with schizophrenia. The exercise-induced CA4 volume increase is significantly correlated with OPCs.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hidekazu Sotoyama, Hiroyoshi Inaba, Yuriko Iwakura, Hisaaki Namba, Nobuyuki Takei, Toshikuni Sasaoka, Hiroyuki Nawa
Summary: Dopamine in the prefrontal cortex has opposing effects on social behavior depending on the duration of its activation. Sustained dopamine activation suppresses social behavior while acute activation enhances it. The duration of social interactions is positively correlated with transient dopamine release and negatively correlated with sustained dopamine increase in the prefrontal cortex. Dopamine levels also modulate neural calcium signaling and c-Fos induction triggered by social stimuli in prefrontal neurons.
Review
Neurosciences
Karina Maciak, Angela Dziedzic, Joanna Saluk
Summary: Remyelination depends on the repair of damaged myelin sheaths, involving microglia cells, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), and mature oligodendrocytes. Short, noncoding RNA molecules, microRNAs (miRNAs), are believed to play a crucial role in the remyelination process by regulating gene expression. Various delivery systems, including extracellular vesicles, hold promise as an efficient and non-invasive way for providing miRNAs to stimulate remyelination.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Kohei Takahashi, Kazuhiro Kurokawa, Lihua Hong, Kazuya Miyagawa, Atsumi Mochida-Saito, Masahiro Iwasa, Hiroyuki Iwasa, Osamu Nakagawasai, Takeshi Tadano, Hiroshi Takeda, Minoru Tsuji
Summary: A therapeutic strategy through the gut-brain axis has been proven to be effective in the treatment of depression. This study investigated the effects of Enterococcus faecalis 2001 (EF-2001) on depressive-like behaviors in mice and found that it prevented depressive-like behaviors by regulating myelination in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) via the enhancement of CREB/BDNF and NFKB p65/LIF/STAT3 pathways. These findings provide strong support for the potential of gut microbiota-based therapeutic strategies as alternative treatments for depression.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Vanja Tepavcevi, Catherine Lubetzki
Summary: The failure of remyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS) is often characterized by low oligodendrocyte progenitor cell density. Stimulating this process may be crucial for achieving myelin regeneration.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Rinaldo Livio Perri, Gloria Di Filippo
Summary: Recent studies have shown that non-invasive brain stimulation can effectively enhance hypnotizability, but it is unclear whether individual factors can predict the effects of stimulation on hypnotizability. In this study, the phenomenological consciousness inventory was used to retrospectively assess mental processes during hypnosis and predict hypnotizability. The results indicated that individuals with lower hypnoidal state at baseline showed greater enhancement after active transcranial electrical stimulation of the left DLPFC. These findings suggest that individuals with lower hypnotic responsiveness may be the best candidates for tDCS interventions to enhance hypnosis, at least for the montage targeting the left DLPFC. The neurocognitive underpinnings and clinical implications of the results are discussed.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yukino Miyachi, Takayuki Fujii, Ryo Yamasaki, Daisuke Tsuchimoto, Kyoko Iinuma, Ayako Sakoda, Shoko Fukumoto, Takuya Matsushita, Katsuhisa Masaki, Noriko Isobe, Yusaku Nakabeppu, Jun-ichi Kira
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of serum anti-oligodendrocyte antibodies on the clinical features of MS patients and validate whether these antibodies could serve as biomarkers for CNS tissue damage in MS patients. Results showed that anti-oligodendrocyte antibodies were positive in PPMS and SPMS patients, while absent in RRMS, NMOSD, OIND patients, and healthy controls.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tsuyoshi Hattori, Stanislav M. Cherepanov, Ryo Sakaga, Jureepon Roboon, Dinh Thi Nguyen, Hiroshi Ishii, Mika Takarada-Iemata, Takumi Nishiuchi, Takayuki Kannon, Kazuyoshi Hosomichi, Atsushi Tajima, Yasuhiko Yamamoto, Hiroshi Okamoto, Akira Sugawara, Haruhiro Higashida, Osamu Hori
Summary: This study reveals that astrocytes, specifically the CD38 protein expressed in them, play a crucial role in social behavior by regulating oxytocin release and synapse formation. Deletion of CD38 in postnatal astrocytes impairs social memory and inhibits synaptogenesis, highlighting the importance of astrocytes in neural circuit formation.
Review
Neurosciences
Davin Packer, Emily. E. E. Fresenko, Em. P. P. Harrington
Summary: Significant progress has been made in understanding the biology of remyelination and its potential as a therapeutic strategy for preventing neurodegeneration and disability in multiple sclerosis (MS). Different animal models have been used to study oligodendroglial responses and remyelination, each with its own mechanisms of demyelination, involvement of inflammatory cells, neurodegeneration, and capacity for remyelination. It is important to investigate remyelination in the context of aging and an inflammatory environment for potential translation to progressive MS. This review discusses the assessment of remyelination in mouse models of demyelination, the differences and advantages of these models, emerging therapeutic strategies, and current clinical trials promoting remyelination.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Hanna Keren, Charles Zheng, David C. Jangraw, Katharine Chang, Aria Vitale, Robb B. Rutledge, Francisco Pereira, Dylan M. Nielson, Argyris Stringaris
Summary: The research suggests that early events have a stronger influence on reported mood than recent events. This has implications for the timing of events in experimental or clinical settings and points towards new directions for individualized mood interventions.
Article
Neurosciences
Ali Jahanbazi Jahan-Abad, Hannah E. Salapa, Cole D. Libner, Patricia A. Thibault, Michael C. Levin
Summary: This study reveals the dysfunction of RNA binding protein hnRNP A1 in oligodendrocytes (OLs) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) as well as in an animal model of MS. The dysfunction of hnRNP A1 is associated with alterations in RNA metabolism, cell morphology, and programmed cell death pathways in OLs, leading to detrimental effects on OL functioning and survival. These findings suggest a potential mechanism of OL damage and death in MS.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Kazuki Okumura, Kenji Obayashi, Yoshiaki Tai, Yuki Yamagami, Hiromitsu Negoro, Hiroshi Kataoka, Norio Kurumatani, Keigo Saeki
Summary: This study found a significant association between higher serum NT-proBNP levels and the prevalence of nocturia in both males and females, with some gender differences observed in the relationship between NT-proBNP and nocturia. Further research is needed to clarify causality and clinical value.
NEUROUROLOGY AND URODYNAMICS
(2021)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Kazutaka Kuki, Yasunari Yamaguchi, Manabu Makinodan, Masato Honda, Junya Ueda, Kosuke Okazaki, Kazuya Okamura, Sohei Kimoto, Toshifumi Kishimoto
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Harue Goto, Takahira Yamauchi, Kazuki Okumura, Kiwamu Matsuoka, Michihiro Toritsuka, Fumihiko Yasuno, Hideki Uemura, Kazutaka Kuki, Manabu Makinodan, Toshifumi Kishimoto
Summary: This study identified male gender, opioid and non-opioid analgesics use, and low serum sodium as significantly and independently associated with persistent delirium in hospitalised patients. Further cohort and intervention studies are needed to confirm these findings and investigate the relevance of pain intensity behind analgesic use.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kazuya Nishimura, Tatsuhide Tanaka, Shoko Takemura, Kouko Tatsumi, Akio Wanaka
Summary: The study highlights the role of SNX25 in regulating proinflammatory cytokine expression in macrophages through inhibition of the NF-kappa B signal.
Article
Psychiatry
Kazuya Okamura, Katsumi Ikeshita, Sohei Kimoto, Manabu Makinodan, Toshifumi Kishimoto
Summary: Suicide is a critical issue in Japan, with more than 30 000 people dying by suicide annually between 1998 and 2011. While the government has played a central role in implementing suicide prevention measures, a shift towards community-specific strategies has been observed. Cooperation among various community organizations is crucial for future suicide prevention efforts, especially in preventing youth suicide.
ASIA-PACIFIC PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Takahira Yamauchi, Manabu Makinodan, Michihiro Toritsuka, Kazuki Okumura, Yoshinori Kayashima, Rio Ishida, Naoko Kishimoto, Masato Takahashi, Takashi Komori, Yasunari Yamaguchi, Ryohei Takada, Kazuhiko Yamamuro, Sohei Kimoto, Yuka Yasuda, Ryota Hashimoto, Toshifumi Kishimoto
Summary: The expression of TNF-alpha in M1 macrophages and the ratio of TNF-alpha expression in M1/M2 macrophages were significantly higher in patients with ASD compared to TD individuals, while no significant difference was found in TNF-alpha expression in monocytes. This finding suggests that TNF-alpha expression in cultured macrophages may provide insights into the pathobiology of ASD and could serve as biomarkers for diagnosis in adults with high-functioning ASD.
Article
Neurosciences
Tatsuhide Tanaka, Nobuhiko Ohno, Yasuyuki Osanai, Sei Saitoh, Truc Quynh Thai, Kazuya Nishimura, Takeaki Shinjo, Shoko Takemura, Kouko Tatsumi, Akio Wanaka
Summary: Single oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system produce myelin sheaths around multiple axons, and interfascicular oligodendrocytes (IOs) in the corpus callosum of adult mice have morphologically polarized cell bodies with processes of different thicknesses for myelinating axons. The myelin sheaths originating from specific IOs have biased thicknesses and are associated with axonal diameter. Despite potential axonal regulation of myelin sheath thickness, a single axon may also independently influence myelin thickness.
Article
Neurosciences
Naoki Iwasa, Takeshi K. Matsui, Naohiko Iguchi, Kaoru Kinugawa, Naritaka Morikawa, Yoshihiko M. Sakaguchi, Tomo Shiota, Shinko Kobashigawa, Mari Nakanishi, Masaya Matsubayashi, Riko Nagata, Sotaro Kikuchi, Tatsuhide Tanaka, Nobuyuki Eura, Takao Kiriyama, Tesseki Izumi, Kozue Saito, Hiroshi Kataoka, Yuichi Saito, Wataru Kimura, Akio Wanaka, Yuhei Nishimura, Eiichiro Mori, Kazuma Sugie
Summary: This study utilized cerebral organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells to evaluate the impact of ischemic stroke on human cerebral tissue. Pathway analysis revealed significant relationships between various metabolic pathways and the complement and coagulation cascades. Key markers of neuronal cells in response to OGD/R were identified as the fatty acids-related PPAR signaling pathway and pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2).
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yoshiaki Tai, Kenji Obayashi, Kazuki Okumura, Yuki Yamagami, Hiromitsu Negoro, Norio Kurumatani, Keigo Saeki
Summary: Hot-water bathing, especially with a bath-to-bed interval of 61-160 min, is significantly associated with a lower prevalence of nocturia among older adults.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Kouko Tatsumi, Kaoru Kinugawa, Ayami Isonishi, Masahiro Kitabatake, Hiroaki Okuda, Shoko Takemura, Tatsuhide Tanaka, Eiichiro Mori, Akio Wanaka
Summary: Olig2-astrocytes express transporter-related genes, with SLC7A10 being a representative gene. Through laser microdissection, it was confirmed that Olig2-astrocytes express significantly higher levels of SLC7A10 mRNA compared to GFAP-astrocytes, suggesting a specific role of SLC7A10 in Olig2-astrocytes in the adult brain.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yoshie Kawabe, Tatsuhide Tanaka, Ayami Isonishi, Kazuki Nakahara, Kouko Tatsumi, Akio Wanaka
Summary: Cells in the white matter of the adult brain form linear arrays called linear arrays (LAs), which are parallel to the axon axis. The presence of microglia is important for the characteristic cell localization pattern of LAs. Astrocytes are involved in maintaining the functions of remyelinated white matter.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Kazuki Okumura, Kenji Obayashi, Yoshiaki Tai, Yuki Yamagami, Norio Kurumatani, Keigo Saeki
Summary: This study examined the impact of depressive symptoms on the relationship between indoor temperature and blood pressure. The results showed that participants with depressive symptoms were more likely to experience cold-induced blood pressure elevation compared to those without depressive symptoms. This finding suggests that individuals with depressive symptoms may be at a higher risk for cold-related cardiovascular events.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kazuki Nakahara, Hiroaki Okuda, Ayami Isonishi, Yoshie Kawabe, Tatsuhide Tanaka, Kouko Tatsumi, Akio Wanaka
Summary: In Parkinson's disease, decreased dopamine levels in the striatum lead to abnormal circuit activity in the basal ganglia, resulting in increased output via the substantia nigra pars reticulata. NMDA receptor hyperactivity is a characteristic feature of basal ganglia circuitry under conditions of dopamine depletion. The study focused on Asc-1 as a factor regulating NMDA receptor activity by modulating D-serine and glycine concentration. Different regulation of Asc-1 mRNA expression in basal ganglionic nuclei was observed in response to striatal dopamine concentration, and Asc-1 may be a therapeutic target for motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL NEUROANATOMY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Tatsuhide Tanaka, Hiroaki Okuda, Ayami Isonishi, Yuki Terada, Masahiro Kitabatake, Takeaki Shinjo, Kazuya Nishimura, Shoko Takemura, Hidemasa Furue, Toshihiro Ito, Kouko Tatsumi, Akio Wanaka
Summary: The interaction between peripheral neurons and immune cells is crucial in pain sensation, and Snx25 has been identified as a pain-modulating gene. Conditional deletion of Snx25 in monocytes and macrophages, but not in peripheral sensory neurons, reduced pain responses in mice. Dermal macrophages set the threshold for pain sensitivity through the production and secretion of NGF, and they may cooperate with dorsal root ganglion macrophages in pain perception.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shoko Takemura, Ayami Isonishi, Noriko Horii-Hayashi, Tatsuhide Tanaka, Kouko Tatsumi, Takashi Komori, Kazuhiko Yamamuro, Mariko Yamano, Mayumi Nishi, Manabu Makinodan, Akio Wanaka
Summary: Accumulating evidence has shown that social stress during the juvenile period affects the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in adulthood. In this study, adult mice that experienced social isolation during postnatal day 21-35 (juvenile social isolation (JSI) group) were compared to normally reared mice (control group) to investigate the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. The JSI group mice showed a weakened HPA response to acute swim stress, and there were morphological changes in the tanycytic endfeet in the median eminence, potentially related to the HPA response.
NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)