Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dylan E. Parsons, Soo Hyeon Lee, Young Joo Sun, Gabriel Velez, Alexander G. Bassuk, Mark Smith, Vinit B. Mahajan
Summary: The review discusses the challenges in effectively delivering drugs to the retina due to anatomical and physicochemical barriers in the eye, while introducing diverse administration routes and the corresponding pharmacokinetic profiles of ocular drugs. Peptidomimetics are highlighted as a growing class of retinal drugs with therapeutic potential and specificity, along with formulation strategies suggested to overcome pharmacokinetic hurdles in drug delivery.
Article
Immunology
Mia Ogaard Monsted, Nora Dakini Falck, Kristina Pedersen, Karsten Buschard, Laurits Juulskov Holm, Martin Haupt-Jorgensen
Summary: Research on patients with T1D and animal models of T1D indicates a link between increased intestinal permeability and disease development, highlighting the importance of careful selection of research methods and experimental setups.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Tao Jiang, Yuhe Dong, Wanying Zhu, Tong Wu, Linyan Chen, Yuantong Cao, Xi Yu, Ye Peng, Ling Wang, Ying Xiao, Tian Zhong
Summary: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. Genistein, a phytoestrogen derived from soybean, has been found to have hypoglycemic activity, decrease insulin resistance, and show potential in preventing and treating diabetic complications. This review summarizes the latest research on genistein's therapeutic effects in DM and related complications, highlighting its molecular mechanisms and targets. The evidence supports the development and application of genistein as a potential drug or functional food for diabetes and its complications.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ines Dominguez-Lopez, Julian Lozano-Castellon, Anna Vallverdu-Queralt, Olga Jauregui, Miguel Angel Martinez-Gonzalez, Frank B. Hu, Montserrat Fito, Emilio Ros, Ramon Estruch, Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventos
Summary: A case-control study found that urinary phenolic metabolites were associated with type-2 diabetes (T2D) and fasting plasma glucose. Dihydrocaffeic acid and genistein diglucuronide were found to be associated with a lower risk of T2D, while only dihydrocaffeic acid was inversely associated with plasma glucose. This study developed a metabolomics approach to analyze urinary phenolic compounds, providing further understanding of their relationship with T2D.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Amir Sadeghi, Marika Ruponen, Jooseppi Puranen, Shoupeng Cao, Roxane Ridolfo, Shirin Tavakoli, Elisa Toropainen, Tatu Lajunen, Veli-Pekka Ranta, Jan van Hest, Arto Urtti
Summary: This study investigates the pharmacokinetics of nanomaterials in the eyes of rats and rabbits. The impact of particle size and shape on ocular distribution and elimination was examined using various imaging techniques. The results show that differently sized particles have different retention times and elimination rates, suggesting that factors other than size also play a role in their kinetics. The study also demonstrates the importance of synchronized particle retention and drug release rate for efficient drug delivery.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yixin Wang, Mahmoud Halawa, Anupriya Chatterjee, Rachana Eshwaran, Yi Qiu, Yohanes Cakrapradipta Wibowo, Jianyuan Pan, Thomas Wieland, Yuxi Feng
Summary: This study reveals that a reduction in Cav-1 content in the retina impairs the neurovascular unit, leading to vascular leakage and decreased levels of VEGFR2 and VE-Cadherin in endothelial cells.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Edelmira Sanchez-Recillas, Rocio Campos-Vega, Iza Fernanda Perez-Ramirez, Ivan Luzardo-Ocampo, Mardey Liceth Cuellar-Nunez, Hayde Azeneth Vergara-Castaneda
Summary: This research investigates the antioxidant capacity and phytochemical bioaccessibility of Garambullo, an endemic fruit from Mexico, during gastrointestinal digestion. The results show that the digestion process has both positive and negative effects on the bioaccessibility of compounds, with different structural families being affected to different extents.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Nikolas Bergum, Casey-Tyler Berezin, Gregory Dooley, Jozsef Vigh
Summary: This study measured the levels of morphine in the retina of mice after systemic exposure and found that morphine accumulates in the retina for a longer time and at higher concentrations than in the brain. These findings suggest that chronic use of opioid drugs can lead to morphine accumulation in the retina, which may have detrimental effects on visual functions.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chunhong Yang, Qi Zhao, Shiling Li, Lili Pu, Liqiong Yu, Yaqin Liu, Xianrong Lai
Summary: Vascular retinopathy is a serious condition that can cause blurred vision and blindness, and Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) extracted from L. barbarum fruit have shown potential in improving vision. This review highlights the structural characterization, extraction methods, and pharmacokinetics of LBPs, emphasizing their role in regulating various signaling pathways and providing potential therapeutic benefits for vascular retinopathy. Future clinical applications and innovative dosage forms are also discussed.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alina Kurylowicz
Summary: Given the significant social and financial costs associated with diabetes management, efforts need to be made to improve prevention and treatment methods. This narrative review focuses on the therapeutic potential of isoflavones in diabetes prevention and treatment, summarizing their molecular mechanisms, preclinical studies, epidemiological studies, and clinical trials. The review also discusses the effects of isoflavones on organs involved in diabetes pathogenesis, as well as other organs contributing to glucose homeostasis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Madania Amorim, Beatriz Martins, Rosa Fernandes
Summary: Diabetes is a global health issue with significant morbidity and mortality. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a well-known inflammatory, neurovascular complication of diabetes and a leading cause of preventable blindness in developed countries among working-age adults. However, the ocular surface components of diabetic eyes are also at risk of damage due to uncontrolled diabetes, which is often overlooked.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Xuenan Zhuang, Ruoyu Chen, Anyi Liang, Jie Yao, Zicheng Wang, Yesheng Chen, Kangyan Zheng, Peiyao Lu, Liang Zhang, Dan Cao
Summary: This study suggests that diabetic eyes with peripheral lesions (PLs) have worse retinal function. These findings challenge the conventional ETDRS protocols that ignore the importance of the peripheral retina in determining diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity. Combining ultrawide field imaging with the RETeval system may be useful in detecting more retinal abnormalities in DR management.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jibriil P. Ibrahim, Neville J. Butcher, Ashok Kothapalli, Christopher N. Subasic, Joanne T. Blanchfield, Andrew K. K. Whittaker, Michael R. Whittaker, Lisa M. Kaminskas
Summary: The objective of this study was to explore the potential of utilizing endogenous albumin and albumin absorption mechanisms in the lungs to enhance the permeability and absorption of inhaled drug delivery systems that bind albumin. The permeability of human albumin through different types of lung cells was investigated, and the pulmonary pharmacokinetics of bovine serum albumin was studied in sheep.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG DELIVERY
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Rijul Jain, Charlotte Bolch, Layla Al-Nakkash, Karen L. Sweazea
Summary: Diabetes is a major cause of death in the world, and its prevalence is rising in low-income countries. Although medications exist to treat diabetes, lack of availability and high costs may hinder their use. This systematic review investigates whether genistein, found in soy products, can provide therapeutic benefits for individuals with diabetes. Findings from preclinical and clinical studies suggest that genistein may help delay the onset of type 2 diabetes and improve symptoms associated with the disease.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Suna Ye, Zhijie Wang, Jacey Hongjie Ma, Shangli Ji, Yanfang Peng, Yinhua Huang, Jiansu Chen, Shibo Tang
Summary: This study found that diabetes impairs the circadian rhythm of the transcriptomic profile in retinas, including composition, phase, and amplitude. These findings offer new perspectives on the negative effects of diabetes on the retina and may provide important information for the development of new treatments for diabetic retinopathy (DR).
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tahir Hakami, Terence J. O'Brien, Sandra J. Petty, Mary Sakellarides, Jemma Christie, Susan Kantor, Marian Todaro, Alexandra Gorelik, Markus J. Seibel, Raju Yerra, John D. Wark
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2016)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohamed Elsayed Kelany, Tahir M. Hakami, Adel H. Omar, Mohamed A. Abdallah
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tahir Hakami, Anne Mcintosh, Marian Todaro, Elaine Lui, Raju Yerra, K. Meng Tan, Chris French, Simon Li, Patricia Desmond, Zelko Matkovic, Terence J. O'Brien
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Tahir Hakami, Mahmoud Mahmoud, Barakat Mohammed, Maged El-Setouhy
Summary: This study found that khat use can hinder the response of patients with schizophrenia to antipsychotic drug treatment, leading to a higher rate of switching the initial drug, with lack of drug efficacy being the main reason.
EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN HEALTH JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Tahir Hakami, Mohammed Hakami
Summary: The study revealed that neurologists in Saudi Arabia do not frequently discuss Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) with their patients, and when they do, they emphasize a more individualized approach. However, the majority of neurologists have only a limited understanding of SUDEP risk factors.
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tahir Hakami
Summary: A 48-year-old woman developed acute liver failure within days after receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. On arrival at the emergency department, she presented with severe encephalopathy and jaundice. Serum analyses showed coagulopathy and significantly increased transaminases. She was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for supportive treatment but died several days later.
CLINICAL CASE REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Tahir Hakami
Summary: Understanding how local psychiatry clinic characteristics shape research findings is crucial for applying research into mental health evolution, outcomes, and costs. This study reviewed data from a psychiatry clinic in Saudi Arabia and found substantial individual variations in characteristics and response to initial antipsychotic medication.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tahir Hakami, Mohamed Mahfouz, Hatim Najmi, Abdulrahman Adawi, Ramzi Hakami, Nuha Areeshi, Adeebah J. Mahha, Anwar Makeen, Mohammed Hakami
Summary: This study revealed an improvement in knowledge about epilepsy among Saudi university students compared to previous surveys in Saudi Arabia and Arab countries. However, misconceptions regarding spiritual and mental disorders still exist and require future interventions and educational efforts.
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Tahir Hakami
Summary: Drug-resistant epilepsy affects 25-30% of patients, with 30-40% of individuals failing treatment with first-generation antiseizure drugs due to intolerable adverse effects. In recent years, 20 newer-generation ASDs have been introduced, expanding treatment options for epilepsy. Research has focused on defining the optimal ASD for different seizure types.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Tahir Hakami
Summary: The choice of antiseizure drugs depends on the type of seizures. Practical guidelines have been published for selecting ASDs in patients with new-onset and drug-resistant epilepsy. Newer-generation drugs are better tolerated but have similar efficacy compared with older drugs.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anne M. McIntosh, K. Meng Tan, Tahir M. Hakami, Mark R. Newton, Patrick W. Carney, Mengjiazhi Yang, Sibel Saya, David J. T. Marco, Piero Perucca, Patrick Kwan, Terence J. O'Brien, Samuel F. Berkovic
Summary: The study findings suggest that 'First seizure' clinics play a crucial role in early diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy, and hold significant value for future epilepsy research. Differences in the clinics' administrative and screening practices may contribute to variations in investigation findings.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohamed Elsayed Kelany, Tahir M. Hakami, Adel H. Omar
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2017)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mrunalini K. Chokhandre, I. Mahmoud Mahmoud, Tahir Hakami, Mohammed Jafer, Aadil S. Inamdar
JOURNAL OF DIABETES AND METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2015)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Terence J. O'Brien, Tahir Hakami, Marian Todaro