Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
K. Hidayat, Q. -L. Fang, B. -M. Shi, L. -Q. Qin
Summary: Both increased HbA1c levels and hypoglycemia may increase the risk of fracture in patients with DM. The positive association between HbA1c levels and the risk of fracture appears to be, in part, explained by hypoglycemia-induced falls, possibly due to insulin use.
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Keisuke Endo, Takahito Itoh, Masaya Tanno, Kouhei Ohno, Hiroyuki Hotta, Nobuo Kato, Tomoaki Matsumoto, Hitoshi Ooiwa, Hirofumi Kubo, Takayuki Miki
Summary: Despite advances in treatments for diabetes mellitus, severe acute glycemic crises still occur. This study investigated the characteristics of patients transported to an emergency department due to acute glycemic crises, finding that patients with hyperglycemia were younger, more likely to be hospitalized, and had poorer prognosis compared to those with hypoglycemia, mainly due to interrupted treatment, forgetting insulin injection, and infection.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elias K. Spanakis, Agustina Urrutia, Rodolfo J. Galindo, Priyathama Vellanki, Alexandra L. Migdal, Georgia Davis, Maya Fayfman, Thaer Idrees, Francisco J. Pasquel, Walkiria Zamudio Coronado, Bonnie Albury, Emmenlin Moreno, Lakshmi G. Singh, Isabel Marcano, Sergio Lizama, Chikara Gothong, Kashif Munir, Catalina Chesney, Rebecca Maguire, William H. Scott, M. Citlalli Perez-Guzman, Saumeth Cardona, Limin Peng, Guillermo E. Umpierrez
Summary: The efficacy and safety of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in adjusting inpatient insulin therapy have been evaluated in this study. The results showed that compared with point-of-care (POC) group, the CGM group achieved similar improvement in glycemic control and significant reduction in recurrent hypoglycemic events.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Charlotte K. Boughton, Afroditi Tripyla, Sara Hartnell, Aideen Daly, David Herzig, Malgorzata E. Wilinska, Cecilia Czerlau, Andrew Fry, Lia Bally, Roman Hovorka
Summary: In this study, fully closed-loop insulin therapy was found to improve glucose control and reduce hypoglycemia compared to standard insulin therapy in adult outpatients with type 2 diabetes requiring dialysis. The trial demonstrated increased time in target glucose range and decreased risk of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes who require dialysis.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thomas S. J. Crabtree, Tomas P. Griffin, Yew W. Yap, Parth Narendran, Geraldine Gallen, Niall Furlong, Iain Cranston, Ali Chakera, Chris Philbey, Muhammad Ali Karamat, Sanjay Saraf, Shafie Kamaruddin, Eleanor Gurnell, Alyson Chapman, Sufyan Hussain, Jackie Elliott, Lalantha Leelarathna, Robert E. J. Ryder, Peter Hammond, Alistair Lumb, Pratik Choudharyq, Emma G. Wilmot
Summary: The study found that switching to hybrid closed-loop (HCL) insulin delivery systems led to improvements in HbA1c, time in range, hypoglycemia, and quality of life in adults with type 1 diabetes, despite previous use of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring and insulin pump therapy.
Article
Surgery
Christian J. Carlsson, Kirsten Norgaard, Anne-Britt Oxboll, Mette I. V. Sogaard, Michael P. Achiam, Lars N. Jorgensen, Jonas P. Eiberg, Henrik Palm, Helge B. D. Sorensen, Christian S. Meyhof, Eske K. Aasvang
Summary: This study investigated the frequency and duration of hypo- and hyperglycemia during and after major surgery, using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in departments with implemented diabetes care protocols. The results showed that despite protocolized perioperative diabetes management, significant proportions of patients, especially those with diabetes, experienced both hypo- and hyperglycemia during the postoperative period.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Victoria Colinet, Philippe A. Lysy
Summary: This study investigated the extent of post-hypoglycemic hyperglycemia and factors influencing its characteristics in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes. The study found that age, BMI, and glycemic control parameters are associated with the characteristics of post-hypoglycemic hyperglycemia in these patients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ji Yeon Lee, Yup Kang, Hae Jin Kim, Dae Jung Kim, Kwan Woo Lee, Seung Jin Han
Summary: The study investigated the impact of acute glucose shifts on NLRP3 inflammasome activation in THP-1 cells, and found that such shifts can enhance inflammasome activation and expression of ROS, MAPK-NF-kappa B pathways. The use of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine was effective in inhibiting this process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anthony J. Pease, Sophia Zoungas, Emily Callander, Timothy W. Jones, Stephanie R. Johnson, D. Jane Holmes-Walker, David E. Bloom, Elizabeth A. Davis, Ella Zomer
Summary: This research evaluated the cost-effectiveness of the Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) Initiative in Australia, which provides subsidized access to CGM for people with type 1 diabetes under 21 years old. The study found that providing government-subsidized CGM was cost-effective compared to a completely user-funded model.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Denise Montt-Blanchard, Raimundo Sanchez, Karen Dubois-Camacho, Jaime Leppe, Maria Teresa Onetto
Summary: This study compared the glycemic variability and exercise-related diabetic management strategies of adults with type 1 diabetes achieving higher and lower physical activity loads. The results showed that active individuals with diabetes were able to maintain glycemic control within recommended values regardless of activity loads, but had a higher prevalence of hypoglycemia during nighttime and used fewer post-activity management strategies.
BMJ OPEN DIABETES RESEARCH & CARE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hae Hyuk Jung
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between glycemic control and the progression of diabetic kidney disease. It found that intensive glucose control may not offer increased protection for the progression of established diabetic kidney disease, however, careful glycemic control could still improve overall outcomes, particularly among patients with chronic kidney disease.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Judit Amigo, Angel Ortiz-Zuniga, Ana M. Ortiz de Urbina, Monica Sanchez, Marcos Dos-Santos, Merce Abad, Fatima Cuadra, Rafael Simo, Cristina Hernandez, Olga Simo-Servat
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of initiating hybrid closed loop (HCL) on glycemic control and quality of life in patients using sensor-augmented pump (SAP) in the real world. Patients using SAP changed to an HCL system and significant improvements were observed in glycemic control and quality of life. Switching from SAP to HCL system improves time in range and reduces time in hypoglycemia and glycemic variability at 3 months, accompanied by a significant reduction of neuropsychological burden related to diabetes.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anthony Pease, Emily Callander, Ella Zomer, Mary B. Abraham, Elizabeth A. Davis, Timothy W. Jones, Danny Liew, Sophia Zoungas
Summary: The study found that HCL therapy was more cost-effective than current care for young people with type 1 diabetes in Australia. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was AUD $32,789 per QALY gained, with the majority of simulations falling below the willingness-to-pay threshold of AUD $50,000 per QALY gained. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the results were robust.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiaoling Cai, Chu Lin, Wenjia Yang, Lin Nie, Linong Ji
Summary: Compared with placebo, non-insulin antidiabetes agents as an adjunct to insulin treatment in patients with type 1 diabetes can lead to decreased glycated hemoglobin levels and body weight, as well as reduced insulin dosage, but also come with increased risks of hypoglycemia and gastrointestinal side effects.
DIABETES & METABOLISM JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Askiel Bruno
Summary: This review discusses the potential therapeutic benefits of lowering hyperglycemia in chronic hyperglycemia and acute ischemic stroke. However, there is currently a lack of evidence that lowering hyperglycemia during acute ischemic stroke improves functional outcomes.
CURRENT NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David C. Klonoff, Jing Wang, David Rodbard, Michael A. Kohn, Chengdong Li, Dorian Liepmann, David Kerr, David Ahn, Anne L. Peters, Guillermo E. Umpierrez, Jane Jeffrie Seley, Nicole Y. Xu, Kevin T. Nguyen, Gregg Simonson, Michael S. D. Agus, Mohammed E. Al-Sofiani, Gustavo Armaiz-Pena, Timothy S. Bailey, Ananda Basu, Tadej Battelino, Sewagegn Yeshiwas Bekele, Pierre-Yves Benhamou, B. Wayne Bequette, Thomas Blevins, Marc D. Breton, Jessica R. Castle, James Geoffrey Chase, Kong Y. Chen, Pratik Choudhary, Mark A. Clements, Kelly L. Close, Curtiss B. Cook, Thomas Danne, Francis J. Doyle, Angela Drincic, Kathleen M. Dungan, Steven V. Edelman, Niels Ejskjaer, Juan C. Espinoza, G. Alexander Fleming, Gregory P. Forlenza, Guido Freckmann, Rodolfo J. Galindo, Ana Maria Gomez, Hanna A. Gutow, Lutz Heinemann, Irl B. Hirsch, Thanh D. Hoang, Roman Hovorka, Johan H. Jendle, Linong Ji, Shashank R. Joshi, Michael Joubert, Suneil K. Koliwad, Rayhan A. Lal, M. Cecilia Lansang, Wei-An (Andy) Lee, Lalantha Leelarathna, Lawrence A. Leiter, Marcus Lind, Michelle L. Litchman, Julia K. Mader, Katherine M. Mahoney, Boris Mankovsky, Umesh Masharani, Nestoras N. Mathioudakis, Alexander Mayorov, Jordan Messler, Joshua D. Miller, Viswanathan Mohan, James H. Nichols, Kirsten Nrgaard, David N. O'Neal, Francisco J. Pasquel, Athena Philis-Tsimikas, Thomas Pieber, Moshe Phillip, William H. Polonsky, Rodica Pop-Busui, Gerry Rayman, Eun-Jung Rhee, Steven J. Russell, Viral N. Shah, Jennifer L. Sherr, Koji Sode, Elias K. Spanakis, Deborah J. Wake, Kayo Waki, Amisha Wallia, Melissa E. Weinberg, Howard Wolpert, Eugene E. Wright, Mihail Zilbermint, Boris Kovatchev
Summary: This study developed a composite index called GRI to assist clinicians in interpreting the quality of CGM data, based on metrics like blood glucose range, mean glucose, and coefficient of variation. The GRI consists of two main components related to hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, which can be graphically displayed on a GRI Grid for tracking individual glycemic changes over time.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Rodbard
Summary: The study found that continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics, such as interstitial fluid Mean Glucose level, proportion of time above range (%TAR), and proportion of time in range (%TIR), correlated with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and can be used to evaluate therapeutic efficacy. Mean Glucose showed the highest correlation with %TAR but weaker correlations with %TIR or HbA1c. These metrics can be combined with indicators of hypoglycaemia and/or glycaemic variability to provide a more comprehensive assessment of glycaemic control.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yaxin Wang, Jingyi Lu, Jiaying Ni, Ming Wang, Yun Shen, Wei Lu, Wei Zhu, Yuqian Bao, David Rodbard, Robert A. Vigersky, Weiping Jia, Jian Zhou
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between a new composite metric, glycaemia risk index (GRI), and incident diabetic retinopathy (DR). The results showed that higher GRI was associated with an increased risk of incident DR in patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, GRI has the potential to be a valuable clinical measure, which needs further exploration in future studies.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)