Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Floriana Cappiello, Sudhir Verma, Xiao Lin, Isabel Y. Moreno, Bruno Casciaro, Debarun Dutta, Alison M. McDermott, Mark Willcox, Vivien J. Coulson-Thomas, Maria Luisa Mangoni
Summary: The corneal epithelium is essential for both vision and immune defense. Corneal abrasion can lead to severe eye infections, but recent research has discovered peptides that not only treat keratitis but also promote corneal wound healing, which could have potential clinical applications.
Article
Biology
Fabrice Jean-Pierre, Thomas H. Hampton, Daniel Schultz, Deborah A. Hogan, Marie-Christine Groleau, Eric Deziel, George A. O'Toole
Summary: Interspecies interactions can lead to unexpected microbial phenotypes not observed in monocultures. The lack of in vitro models integrating microbial diversity in the CF airway hinders understanding of why polymicrobial communities are resistant to therapy. We built a mixed community model biofilm, incorporating clinical data, to study the effects of tobramycin treatment on the microorganisms.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rasoul Mirzaei, Rasoul Yousefimashouf, Mohammad Reza Arabestani, Iraj Sedighi, Mohammad Yousef Alikhani
Summary: The study found that subinhibitory concentrations of cloxacillin, cefazolin, and clindamycin can induce biofilm production in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) strains, while subinhibitory concentrations of vancomycin do not increase biofilm formation. Sub-MIC of antibiotics also up-regulated the expression of biofilm-associated genes.
Review
Microbiology
Daniel Ruben Akiola Sanya, Djamila Onesime, Grazia Vizzarro, Nicolas Jacquier
Summary: The opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for various infections, especially in hospitalized patients where drug-resistant strains can contribute to in-hospital mortality. Chronic respiratory system infections in cystic fibrosis patients caused by this pathogen are particularly concerning due to difficulty in treatment. Pseudomonas aeruginosa utilizes cell-associated and secreted virulence factors in its pathogenesis, and recent advances highlight the understanding of its pathogenicity and efforts towards new drug targets and therapeutic strategies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel Juarez-Lopez, Estefania Morales-Ruiz, Leonardo D. D. Herrera-Zuniga, Zuriel Gonzalez-Carrera, Elizabeth Cuevas-Reyes, Gerardo Corzo, Alejandro Schcolnik-Cabrera, Elba Villegas
Summary: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacteria with a large genome and multiple resistance mechanisms, making it a global concern. This review discusses the epidemiology and resistance mechanisms of resistant strains, as well as the potential use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The study presents 13 AMPs with theoretical action against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, suggesting their potential for in vitro evaluation.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Johnny Zakhour, Sima L. Sharara, Joya-Rita Hindy, Sara F. Haddad, Souha S. Kanj
Summary: This paper reviews the optimal treatment for P. aeruginosa sepsis caused by susceptible and multi-drug resistant strains. Treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections can be challenging for clinicians due to its intrinsic and acquired resistance to antibiotics.
Article
Microbiology
Dana J. Holger, Amer El Ghali, Natasha Bhutani, Katherine L. Lev, Kyle Stamper, Razieh Kebriaei, Ashlan J. Kunz Coyne, Taylor Morrisette, Rahi Shah, Jose Alexander, Susan M. Lehman, Laura J. Rojas, Steven H. Marshall, Robert A. Bonomo, Michael J. Rybak
Summary: Phage-antibiotic combinations are a promising strategy for combating drug-resistant P. aeruginosa biofilm infections, demonstrating synergy and enhanced eradication.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andre Bittencourt Lorusso, Joao Antonio Carrara, Carolina Deuttner Neumann Barroso, Felipe Francisco Tuon, Helisson Faoro
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health crisis caused by the emergence of resistant organisms and different mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. Efflux pumps, particularly in Gram-negative bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, play a significant role in multidrug resistance and extensively drug-resistant bacteria. Understanding their function, structure, and regulation is essential in combating antibiotic resistance and developing new drugs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Andreu Coello Pelegrin, Mattia Palmieri, Caroline Mirande, Antonio Oliver, Pieter Moons, Herman Goossens, Alex van Belkum
Summary: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a versatile and adaptable bacterial species with strong medical relevance, poses a significant threat due to its diverse virulence genes and antibiotic resistance traits. Particularly problematic in clinical settings, its multi-drug resistance complicates successful antibiotic treatment, emphasizing the urgent need to address antimicrobial resistance.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Asad Bashir Awan, Aixin Yan, Yasra Sarwar, Peter Schierack, Aamir Ali
Summary: This study characterized Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates for antimicrobial susceptibility, biofilm formation virulence genes, and molecular mechanisms responsible for resistance against various antimicrobials. The results showed strong biofilm formation by carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates and the presence of multiple resistance mechanisms and virulence genes. It is necessary to take appropriate measures, including alternative therapies, to address this situation.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Sanjay Marasini, Odunayo O. Mugisho, Simon Swift, Hannah Read, Ilva D. Rupenthal, Simon J. Dean, Jennifer P. Craig
Summary: The study found that a single 15-second UVC exposure did not significantly induce CPD formation in vitro on human corneal epithelial cells, but continuous exposure for 3 days resulted in more CPD formation. In vivo experiments showed that three consecutive daily doses of 15-second UVC exposure were safe with respect to CPD formation, whereas a single 300-second exposure caused extensive CPD formation.
Article
Immunology
Hsiao-Wen Huang, Hsin-Yi Liu, Han-Chuan Chuang, Bi-Li Chen, Er-Ying Wang, Li-Hsin Tsao, Ming-Ying Ai, Yuarn-Jang Lee
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between antimicrobial consumption and P. aeruginosa resistance, as well as the impact of ASPs implemented during the 14-year study period.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Pranita D. Tamma, Samuel L. Aitken, Robert A. Bonomo, Amy J. Mathers, David van Duin, Cornelius J. Clancy
Summary: This guidance document provides recommendations for the treatment of antimicrobial-resistant infections caused by ESBL-E, CRE, and DTR-P. aeruginosa, with a focus on the United States. It discusses empiric treatment selection, duration of therapy, and other management considerations for both adults and children. The current version of the guidance is valid as of September 17, 2020, and will be updated periodically.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kamrul Islam, Fekade B. Sime, Steven C. Wallis, Michelle J. Bauer, Brian M. Forde, Patrick Harris, Tahmina Shirin, Zakir H. Habib, Meerjady S. Flora, Jason A. Roberts
Summary: This study compared the pharmacodynamics of piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem against ESBL-producing and non-producing E. coli. The results suggest that piperacillin/tazobactam may be a potential alternative to carbapenems in treating urosepsis caused by ESBL-producing E. coli.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Genetics & Heredity
Tatyana L. Povolotsky, Alona Keren-Paz, Ilana Kolodkin-Gal
Summary: For bacteria, the transition from unicellular entities to multicellular biofilm communities generates distinct metabolic microenvironments. Dynamic and programmed metabolic responses allow the biofilms to react to local changes in nutrient levels and contribute to phenotypic antibiotic resistance of the community. Novel therapeutic approaches targeting biofilms may stem from these metabolic adaptations.
TRENDS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Maria Cabrera-Aguas, Pauline Khoo, Stephanie L. Watson
Summary: This study reviewed cases of presumed microbial keratitis resulting in evisceration/enucleation in Sydney, Australia from 2012 to 2016. The results showed that elderly patients with a history of topical corticosteroid use were at higher risk, and educating them on prompt hospital presentation and treatment could decrease the probability of losing the eye.
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Blanca Benito-Pascual, Himal Kandel, Marco Abbondanza, Richard Mills, Laurence Sullivan, Stephanie L. Watson
Summary: The study compared the effectiveness and safety of short and standard riboflavin induction times in cross-linking for keratoconus. The results showed that both short and standard induction times achieved similar improvements in K2 and vision after one year. However, the short induction group had greater improvements in Kmax and TCT, but also higher rates of haze.
Article
Ophthalmology
Alex C. Ferdi, Himal Kandel, Vuong Nguyen, Jeremy Tan, Francisco Arnalich-Montiel, Marco Abbondanza, Stephanie L. Watson
Summary: The long-term outcomes of epithelium-off cross-linking (CXL) in keratoconus patients were determined in this study. Most patients showed stable keratoconus up to 5 years after the CXL treatment, but a small proportion experienced reduced vision.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Himal Kandel, Konrad Pesudovs, Vuong Nguyen, Jern Yee Chen, Alexander Poon, Richard Mills, Stephanie L. Watson
Summary: The study aimed to assess the quality-of-life (QoL) status in different severity subgroups of keratoconus patients using the Keratoconus Outcomes Research Questionnaire (KORQ) and to determine the relationship between QoL scores and standard clinical variables. Results showed that female patients, contact lens wear, reduced visual acuity, and higher disease severity were associated with worse activity limitation (AL) and symptoms (SY) scores in keratoconus. Although there were statistically significant but weak correlations between clinical and QoL scores, suggesting a complex relationship between clinical parameters and patient-reported outcomes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Clarice H. Y. Yeoh, Jerome J. R. Lee, Blanche X. H. Lim, Gangadhara Sundar, Jodhbir S. Mehta, Anita S. Y. Chan, Dawn K. A. Lim, Stephanie L. Watson, Santosh G. Honavar, Ray Manotosh, Chris H. L. Lim
Summary: The rise of primary topical monotherapy with chemotherapeutic drugs and immunomodulatory agents suggests a potential shift away from surgery as the standard of care in managing ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN). Currently, there is no consensus or guidelines on the best treatment approach for OSSN. This paper evaluates available treatments and proposes an algorithm to guide ophthalmologists in selecting the most appropriate treatment regime.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Brad Guo, Bamini Gopinath, Stephanie Watson, George Burlutsky, Paul Mitchell, Kenneth Ooi
Summary: A study of 1952 participants found that higher intakes of vitamin B12, vitamin C, thiamine, polyunsaturated fats, and calcium were associated with a lower likelihood of experiencing dry eye symptoms. These findings suggest that clinicians should consider the dietary intake of patients presenting with dry eye symptoms.
CLINICAL NUTRITION ESPEN
(2023)
Letter
Ophthalmology
Swati Singh, Stephanie Watson
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Ophthalmology
Annette K. Hoskin, Stephanie L. Watson
JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Swati Singh, Raman Malhotra, Stephanie L. Watson
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive summary of the surgical techniques, outcomes, and complications of using mucous membrane graft (MMG) for cicatricial entropion repair. MMG use shows favourable outcomes for moderate-to-severe cicatricial entropion, primarily by lengthening the shortened tarsoconjunctiva. Non-trachomatous entropion has poor outcomes compared to trachomatous entropion. Future studies should focus on reporting details such as severity of entropion, ocular surface changes, forniceal depth and ocular surface inflammation, and degree of dry eye disease.
ORBIT-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ORBITAL DISORDERS-OCULOPLASTIC AND LACRIMAL SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Andrew Nguyen, Maria Cabrera-Aguas, Stephanie L. Watson
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the adherence of clinicians at Sydney Eye Hospital to the evidence-based guidelines for treating herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) in order to evaluate the sustainability of guideline implementation. A retrospective review found that clinicians showed a high level of adherence to the treatment guidelines, but regular educational activities are still needed to maintain knowledge levels.
EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mijeong Park, Alex Richardson, Naomi Delic, Kim Nguyen, Joanna Biazik, Richard Zhang, Lina Sprogyte, Lamia Nureen, Justin Lees, Angelica Fajardo, Ursula Kunicki, Stephanie L. Watson, John Males, Nick Di Girolamo
Summary: This study repurposes a slice of normal cornea extracted from a laser refractive surgical procedure to promote limbal epithelial stem cell attachment, proliferation, and stratification. The research demonstrates successful cornea regeneration and curvature maintenance ex vivo in mice. Future studies plan to compare the effects of stem cell therapy using this method and other clinical carriers in live mice.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Christopher Bartimote, Annette K. Hoskin, Clare L. Fraser, Stephanie Watson
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the incidence and characteristics of fall-related globe and adnexal trauma, particularly in the elderly population. The results showed that such trauma was more common in older patients, while alcohol and illicit substances played a role in falls among younger populations. Thorough ocular assessment, especially in cases of orbital/mid-facial trauma, is necessary to identify globe trauma. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of fall prevention strategies in preventing globe trauma.
EMERGENCY MEDICINE AUSTRALASIA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kenneth G. Ooi, Stephanie L. Watson
Summary: Posterior blepharitis and dry eye are common disorders associated with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Ocular rosacea can manifest as MGD and dyslipidaemia. Treating ocular rosacea-associated dyslipidaemia and systemic inflammation may improve cardiovascular health and reduce tear film instability.
Article
Ophthalmology
Tim J. Patterson, David Mckinney, Jonathan Ritson, Chris Mclean, Weidong Gu, Marcus Colyer, Scott F. Mcclellan, Sarah C. Miller, Grant A. Justin, Annette K. Hoskin, Kara Cavuoto, James Leong, Andres Rousselot Ascarza, Fasika A. Woreta, Kyle E. Miller, Matthew C. Caldwell, William G. Gensheimer, Tom Williamson, Felipe Dhawahir-Scala, Peter Shah, Andrew Coombes, Gangadhara Sundar, Robert A. Mazzoli, Malcolm Woodcock, Ferenc Kuhn, Stephanie L. Watson, Renata S. M. Gomes, Rupesh Agrawal, Richard J. Blanch
Summary: This study investigates the impact of systemic prophylactic antibiotics on the risk of endophthalmitis after open globe injury. The results show that systemic antibiotic prophylaxis does not significantly affect the incidence of endophthalmitis compared to no treatment. The meta-analysis demonstrates that oral antibiotics are as effective as IV antibiotics in preventing endophthalmitis.
OPHTHALMOLOGY RETINA
(2023)